Genetic Basis of Unique Dual Modes of Unisexual and Sexual Reproduction in Gibel Carp

Sex is one of important propositions in life sciences, and is ＂the queen of problems in evolutionary biology＂ （Bell, 1982, The Masterpiece of Nature.＂ TheEvohltion and Genetics of Sexuality）. Since the first unisexual fish, the Amazon molly Poecilia formosa, was found in 1932 by Hubbs ＆ Hubbs, about 90 all-female unisexual complexes have been reported in primitive vertebrates, including     

DEVELOPMENT OF A "DRY BOUNDARY LAYER"

As one of applications of the DRS model the author developed, introduced in this paper is a model calculation of the advance of the planctary boundary laycr (PBL) before clouds form. First derived are quasi analytical formulations for the PLB developmcnt, which arc vcrificd by the latcr integration of the modcl. Then, in comparisons bcwecn with and without radiation, modcl results indicate that the sensible heat from. the sea is the main source of the PBL eddy, however, the radiative cooling not only prevents the cquilibrium air tcmpcraturc from approaching the surface temperature but also brings about a certain diurnal variation in the PLB thcrmal stucture.     

New Applications for a Well-known Phenomenon

The Talbot effect, the self-imaging of a grating when it is illuminated by a monochromatic plane wave, was first discovered by the English scientist Henry Fox Talbot more than a century ago.It is generally described in university textbooks as an example of Fresnel diffraction and is considered one of the fundamental phenomena in optics.     

The Analysis of the Thematic Progression Patterns in ＂The Great Learning＂

This paper intends to introduce briefly the thematic progression patterns in Systemic- Functional Grammar, then analyze its application in ＂The Great Learning＂ which is one of the classics of the Confucius and his disciples. The analysis of the thematic progression patterns of ＂The Great Learning＂ is meaningful for both understanding and appreciating ＂The Great Learning＂.     

Restoring the Eco—environment in Conformity to Natural Law——Some Considerations on the Vegetation Restoration on the Loess Plateau

Vegetation could be recovered in enclosed districts where soil erosion is controlled by integrated measures such as turning hillsides into terraces.The fragile eco-environment inthe west of China has be-come a bottleneck in theregions development. When puttingthe national strategy of developingthe western region into practice, thecentral authorities list the rehabilita-tion of the depleted eco-environmentas one of the key infrastructure pro-grams for the whole country, urgingpeople to return f…     

Superconductivity in One-atomic-layer Metal Films

Superconductivity is a peculiar quantum phenomenon which originates from the pairing of conduction electrons, followed by phase coherent condensation. Since the discovery by K. Onnes in 1911, superconductivity has been one of the hottest topics in physics for an entire century, and still attracts people’s great interest. One of the intriguing issues is how     

Mechanical effects: challenges for high-field superconducting magnets

<正>Due to its clean products and sufficient raw materials, fusion energy is expected to become one of the main solutions of the energy crisis and ensuring the sustainable development of human society,which is a long-term strategicfrontier field.The promise offusion energy is to constrain the motion of high-temperature plasma by the high magnetic field generated by superconducting magnets, and then achieve controllable thermonuclearfusion.Fusion power is proportional to the fourth power of ...     

Role of New Archaeobotanical Methods in Dating the Origin of Dry Farming in East Asia:Phytolith Analysis for Earliest Domestication of Millets

The emergence of agriculture is one of the most important revolutionary events in the history of human development. It unveiled a new era in which the humankind controls and creates food resources, laying a foundation of substance for the naissance of civilization and the formation of modern society. It is also among the three major ＂origin＂issues that have received long-lasting attention from academic communities： the origins of humankind, agriculture and civilization.     

Land Plants First Appeared about 500 Million Years Ago

正The establishment of plant life on land is one of the most significant evolutionary episodes in Earth history.Although the megafossil record provides unequivocal evidence of plant life on land,the early fossil record is too sparse and biased by the nonuniformity of the rock record to directly inform the timing and sequence of character acquisition in the     

Solutions of the Extended Future Tube Conjecture and Related Problems

The project is a fundamental research in the field of several complex variables, which is one of the core and forefront subjects in pure mathematics. It is carried out by Prof. Zhou Xiangyu (Xiang-Yu Zhou), a mathematician who has long been working on this profound and popular subject. Despite the intensive competition from other outstanding mathematicians, he found his own way and achieved a series of important results which are well recognized by the mathematical community.     

Impact of IEC61850 Based Digital Substation on Busbar Protection

A new international standard called IEC61850 is applied to the substation system recent years. This standard has many advantages, and it has brought a positive influence on the development of the power system. This paper concentrates on the impact of IEC61850 on the busbar protection which is one of the most important parts in the electrical power system. It begins by introducing the digital substation based on IEC61850, and then a more suitable busbar protection architecture is selected by comparing the integrated busbar protection and distributed busbar protection.     

Exceptionally-preserved Fossil Fish from China Reveals the Evolution of Early Jawed Vertebrates

The evolution of jaws is one of the key episodes in the evolution of vertebrates, but the gap between jawed and jawless vertebrates is so large that it is hard to work out the individual evolutionary steps in the transition. An international team led by Dr. ZHU Min, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology （IVPP）, CAS, reported an exceptionally well-preserved 419- million-year-old fish from Qujing,     

Scholars Convene to Discuss Ethics of Science in Beijing

Jointly organized by CAS and the World Commission on the Ethics of Scientific Knowledge and Technology (COMEST),a conference on ethics of science and technology was held on Oct.31 in Beijing. It is one of the worldwide meeting series "Ethics around the World" sponsored by COMEST, an advisory body to the UNESCO Director-General on issues in the field.     

Research Progress in Technology Development for 2008 Olympic Games

Co-sponsored by MOST, SSGA, CAS and Beijing S&T Commission, this project is car- ried out by the CAS Institute of Computing Technology. It focuses on the key technologies in digi- tal and 3-D computer simulation and the computer-aided software for the training of sport items such as diving and trampoline, so as to help athletes to improve their performance. It is expected to bring two transforma-tions to the athlete-training methods: one is to change the traditional practice of a coach…     

New Approach to Solving the Dilemma between Development and Carbon Reductionn——An interview with Prof. DING Zhongli

Evolving from decades of international negotiations, ＂cap and trade＂ has been regarded as the best ever means to offset excessive greenhouse gases emitted by human societies. Nevertheless, this mechanism faces some difficulties in implementation and has so far failed to inspire a well-agreed international system of responsibility to reduce carbon emissions. It is even challenged by some scientists for its flawed presumption.     

Solutions of the Extended Future Tube Conjecture and Related Problems

The project is a fundamental research in the field of several complex variables, which is one of the core and forefront subjects in pure mathematics. It is carried out by Prof. Zhou Xiangyu (Xiang-Yu Zhou), a mathemati- cian who has long been working on this profound and popular subject. Despite the intensive competition from other outstanding mathematicians, he found his own way and achieved a series of important results which are well recognized by the mathematical community. As a long-sta…     

New Applications for a Well-known Phenomenon

The Talbot effect, the self-im-aging of a grating when it isilluminated by a monochro-matic plane wave, was first discov-ered by the English scientist HenryFox Talbot more than a century ago.It is generally described in universitytextbooks as an example of Fresneldiffraction and is considered one ofthe fundamental phenomena inoptics.The phenomenon has re-ceived continuous attention sinceit was first described, not only be-cause understanding it is so fun-damental to the study of optics,but …     

Understanding and Application of “Registration of a Trademark Acquired by Any Other Unfair Means” as mentioned in Article 41,paragraph one of the Trademark Law Comments on the case of dispute over No.1127045 Trademark “Haupt”

It is one of the tough issues that have long been puz- zling in the administrative enforcement of the trademark right establishment and related judicial examination whether or not the"registration of a trademark acquired by any other unfair means"as mentioned in Article 41,paragraph one of     

A Survey of the Xia-Shang-Zhou Chronology Project

Ⅰ. Goals In connection with the history of science, the XiaShang-Zhou Chronology Project is one of the important projects of the National Key Science and Technology Research and Development Programme of the Ninth Five-Year Plan. It officially began in May 1996.After five years of effort by more than 200 scholars and experts from the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Peking University and other institutions, the project has attained its goal. The general goal of the project is to establish a chronological table for the three dynasties by means of combining the humanities and social sciences with the natural sciences. The concrete goals for different historical periods are:     

Research advances in fracturing mechanism of amorphous materials

The fracture behavior of brittle materials is a timehonored problem. Archeologists discover that prehistoric people created their primitive tools using this behavior. During the Stone Age, for example, they made simple wooden butchery implements by taking advantage of a sharp edge caused by the brittle fracture on flint. According to archeologists, the application of brittle fracture to the tool-making was one of monumental inventions to mark the very beginning of human civilization.Afterwards, ancient potters succeeded in decorating their works by having the surface of pottery inlaid with cracks and fissures.