钢筋混凝土结构耐久性的影响因素分析

从钢筋混凝土结构耐久性的影响因素出发,分析碳化、氯离子侵蚀导致的钢筋锈蚀对混凝土结构耐久性损伤所起的作用,最后提出通过适当增加保护层厚度提高混凝土结构的耐久性.     

论钢筋保护层对混凝土结构的影响

在钢筋混凝土构件中,保护层厚度是否满足要求,将直接影响钢筋混凝土结构的使用寿命,影响保护层厚度的因素有混凝土碳化、钢筋绑扎、混凝土材料制作等。针对影响保护层的因素,应采取的措施有:设计时各专业要协作,要充分考虑工程施工因素。     

大掺量粉煤灰混凝土碳化和钢筋锈蚀试验研究

使用粉煤灰分别取代水泥0％、30％、40％、50％、60％,组成5组C40混凝土配合比,然后进行碳化和钢筋锈蚀试验,比较C40混凝土在不同粉煤灰掺量时的碳化性和钢筋锈蚀性.试验表明,粉煤灰掺量30％时,其碳化深度和钢筋锈蚀率最小;粉煤灰掺量60％时,碳化深度较大,但仍小于混凝土保护层厚度.     

基于神经网络的钢筋混凝土碳化深度预测研究

碳化使混凝土的内部组成及结构发生变化,直接影响混凝土结构的性质及耐久性.钢筋混凝土的碳化,会破坏钢筋钝化膜,导致钢筋发生锈蚀,降低钢筋混凝土结构件的耐久性,从而影响到建筑物安全.碳化深度的影响因素很多,实验结果证明,采用BP神经网络,建立碳化时间序列与深度的关系模型,使用MATLAB进行仿真,预测值误差正常.神经网络能对钢筋混凝土的碳化深度进行预测.     

钢筋锈蚀与混凝土结构的耐久性

分析了氯离子侵蚀、混凝土中性化和环境因素等对钢筋锈蚀的影响机理,并分别从混凝土高性能化结构设计、混凝土原材料的选择、保护层厚度、混凝土表面处理和钢筋本身的防锈处理等方面对防止钢筋锈蚀进行了探讨。     

钢筋锈蚀与混凝土结构的耐久性

分析了氯离子侵蚀、混凝土中性化和环境因素等对钢筋锈蚀的影响机理，并分别从混凝土高性能化结构设计、混凝土原材料的选择、保护层厚度、混凝土表面处理和钢筋本身的防锈处理等方面对防止钢筋锈蚀进行了探讨。     

浅谈混凝土结构裂缝的成因及预防处理措施

混凝土的裂缝是建筑工程中较普遍存在的问题。有些裂缝在使用荷载或外界物理及化学因素作用下,不断产生和发展引起混凝土碳化、保护层剥落及钢筋锈蚀,使钢筋混凝土强度和刚度受到削弱,耐久性降低,严重时甚至发生垮塌事故,危害结构的正常使用。必须加以控制,因此研究混凝土裂缝产生的原因及预防措施是非常重要而迫切的。     

浅谈混凝土碳化对结构耐久性的影响

混凝土结构的耐久性是衡量结构安全的重要指标,而混凝土的碳化是引起钢筋锈蚀,从而影响混凝土耐久性的重要原因之一。通过对碳化的过程分析,研究了混凝土碳化对结构耐久性的影响,并对混凝土碳化的预防措施提出了切实可行的建议。     

钢筋混凝土保护层厚度及其施工方法

钢筋混凝土保护层在混凝土结构中起着重要的作用,但施工中往往被忽视。通过分析钢筋保护层在混凝土结构中的作用以及国家标准对保护层厚度的规定和施工中存在的问题,提出控制钢筋保护层厚度的有效措施,从而提高对钢筋保护层的认识。     

氯盐外侵和内掺引起的混凝土内钢筋锈蚀特征的比较研究

氯盐外侵和内掺氯盐是耐久性研究经常采用的两种加速试验方法．通过大量的构件破型发现：氯盐外侵试件中钢筋的锈蚀为靠近混凝土保护层一侧锈蚀比较严重,而背向一侧几乎没有发生;内掺氯盐试件中钢筋的锈蚀特征为钢筋四周均发生锈蚀,靠近混凝土保护层一侧的锈蚀较背向保护层的一侧严重．理论分析和试验研究结果表明混凝土内钢筋锈蚀特征取决于钢筋内外表面的活化状态及钢筋内外表面间宏观腐蚀电流Ig．     

EFFECT OF CORROSION ON BOND BEHAVIOR AND BENDING STRENGTH OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS

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Effect of corrosion on bond behavior and bending strength of reinforced concrete beams

There is growing concern for corrosion damage in reinforced concrete structures with several decades’ service. Pullout tests and beam tests were carried out to study the effect of reinforcement corrosion on the bond behavior and bending strength of reinforced concrete beams. The bond strength of plain bars and concrete initially increases with increasing corrosion, then declines. The turning point depends on the cracking of the concrete cover. The bond strength of deformed bars and concrete increases with corrosion up to a certain amount, but with progressive increase in corrosion, the bond strength decreases, and the cracking of the concrete cover seems to have no effect on the bond strength. On the basis of test data, the bond strength coefficient recommended here, which, together with the bond strength of uncorroded steel bars and concrete, can be used to easily calculate the bond strength of corroded steel bars and concrete. The bond strength coefficient proposed in this paper can be used to study the bond stress-slip relationship of corroded steel bars and concrete. The bending strength of corroded reinforced concrete beams declines with increasing reinforcement corrosion. Decreased bending strength of corroded RC beam is due to reduction in steel bar cross section, reduction of yield strength of steel bar, and reduction of bond capacity between steel bar and concrete. Project supported by Cao Guanbiao Key Technology Development Founding of Zhejiang University and Construction Ministry of China.     

Analytical modeling for corrosion-induced cover cracking of corrosive reinforced concrete structures

An analytical model for predicting the corrosion-induced cracking of concrete cover of reinforced concrete(RC) structures was developed.The effects of influence factors such as practical initial defects,corrosion rate,strength and elastic modulus of concrete on the corrosion-induced cracking of concrete cover were investigated.It was found that the size of practical initial defects was the most effective factor.Therefore,improving the compactness of concrete is an effective way to improve the durability of RC structures.It was also demonstrated that the accelerated corrosion tests may be unfavorable in the study of the relationship between cracking time and crack width.     

FRP加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的受弯性能分析(英文)

采用Ansys有限元软件对8根不同锈蚀率的FRP片材加固钢筋混凝土梁的受弯性能进行数值分析,研究纵筋锈蚀率对FRP加固梁的裂纹开展、破坏模式、承载能力以及延性和变形能力的影响.研究结果表明:低钢筋锈蚀率的梁发生受压区混凝土压碎破坏;中等锈蚀率的梁钢筋屈服后,钢筋与混凝土界面发生黏结滑移,最后FRP剥离破坏;高锈蚀率的梁钢筋没有达到屈服强度便发生黏结滑移,最后发生受压区混凝土压碎破坏.钢筋锈蚀越严重,FRP加固钢筋混凝土梁的承载力降低得越多.试件RCB-1(锈蚀率为0)的承载力为115 kN,而试件RCB-7(锈蚀率为20%)的承载力仅为42 kN.与FRP加固未锈蚀的钢筋混凝土梁相比,FRP加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的变形能力较高.试件RCB-1和试件RCB-7的最大跨中挠度分别为20 mm和35 mm,而试件RCB-5(锈蚀率为10%)的最大跨中挠度达到了60 mm.     

Fracture model for predicting concrete cover-cracking induced by steel corrosion based on interface bond state

Time-to-cracking of the concrete cover induced by the steel corrosion is one of the critical problems faced by engineers, operators and asset managers in making strategies for the maintenance and repairs of reinforced concrete (RC)structures affected by corrosion. In this paper, a theoretical model for predicting the time-to-cracking is derived by assuming the bond between the steel bar and the concrete as a linear combination of perfectly smooth and bonded. The model takes into account the characteristics of existing exiguous flaws and initial cracks in the concrete before the load acting on RC structures. The validity of the proposed model is preliminarily verified by comparing the obtained results with the available experimental results. A remarkable advantage of the proposed method is its application to the prediction of the service life of RC structures, made of the deformed steel bars as well as the round bars. By determining an experimental constant α, which is related to the interface bond state between the steel bar and the concrete, the service life of RC structures can be predicted using the proposed scheme. Analysis of major factors affecting the time-to-cracking demonstrates that the length of the initial crack affects the service life of RC structures significantly. Moreover, the larger cover thickness and the smaller diameter of the steel bar within a certain range are beneficial to prolonging the time-to-cracking.     

钢筋混凝土结构的钢筋锈胀引起的保护层开裂研究

研究目的：预测保护层开裂的时间以及分析锈胀参数 研究方法：基于混凝十的各向异性损伤,建立考虑钢筋腐蚀产物混凝十三者不同力学性能的钢筋锈胀导致保护层开裂的数学模型。模型考虑了腐蚀产物对钢筋混凝土界面区的孔隙和混凝十开裂裂缝的填充效应,采用了非线性分析算法,预测了开裂过程中每一时刻混凝土构件的应变与位移场以及混凝土保护层开裂时间,最后将模型预测值与试验值进行对比。 1.当混凝土出现裂缝之后,随着腐蚀产物对裂缝的填充,混凝土的环向拉应变的增长速率减缓;2.选定钢筋的型号、直径以及混凝土的强度之后,可通过增大保护层的厚度来减小钢筋锈胀开裂的风险。     

Retrofitting of RC Slabs Against Explosive Loads

With the increase of terrorist bomb attacks on buildings, there is a need to develop advanced retrofitting techniques to strengthen structures against blast loads. Currently, several guidelines including an Australian version for retrofitting reinforced concrete (RC) structures are available for the design of retrofitting systems against seismic and monotonic loads using steel or fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) plates that can be either adhesively bonded to the surface or near surface mounted to the concrete cover. However, none of these guidelines provide advice suitable for retrofitting structures subjected to blast loads. In this paper, numerical models are used to simulate the performance of retrofitted RC slabs subjected to blast loads. Airblast pressure distributions on the surface of the slabs estimated in a previous study are used as input in the analysis. A material damage model developed previously for concrete and an elastoplastic model for steel bars are employed in this research for modelling reinforced concrete behaviour due to explosive loads. The material models and blast loading are coded into a finite element computer program LS-DYNA3D to do the analysis. With the numerical model, parametric studies are conducted to investigate RC slabs retrofitted by either externally bonded or near-surface mounted plates or GFRP sheets subjected to blast loads. Discussion is made on the effectiveness of the retrofitting system for RC slabs against blast loads.     

钢筋混凝土连续梁受弯承载力可靠性分析

由于钢筋混凝土连续梁的作用荷载、材料、几何特征等具有随机性,使其荷载效应、抗力也具有随机性。针对钢筋混凝土连续梁受弯承载力可靠性,采用Monte-Carlo （蒙特卡洛）法抽样进行计算,定性分析了荷载效应比、材料强度、楼面荷载类型等对钢筋混凝土连续梁受弯承载力可靠度指标的影响。研究结果表明：随荷载效应比增大,连续梁可靠指标减小;随材料强度增加,连续梁的可靠指标变化不明显;楼面活荷载类型对连续梁可靠指标有影响。     

Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams Under Sea Water

The marine structures such as harbour,pier and inshore concrete terrace are exposed in adverse circumstances in a long period of time . Owing to the attack of external corrosive medium, their safety, durability and reliability decline. Especially the reinforced concrete(RC) structures in the wave splash area are more likely to be subjected to destruction and the loss is vast. Now the safety ,durability and reliability of structure have become increasingly an important subject to be studied. By way of the soaking and drying cycle test on the different mix proportions oblique section of 10 pieces of RC beams suffered artificial sea water(ASW) corrosion under 0,35,70,105,140 times of dry-wet cycles, the compared results of exerting pressure test of these beams under simply supporting were investigated. The law about the changes of the mechanical performance for RC beams with different mix proportions under different time periods for suffering corrosion of dry-wet cycles is as follows: the resistivity to ASW corrosion of the concrete specimens with various water cement ratio(various initial strength) is different ; the characters of oblique section failure for RC beams attacked by sea water are about the same as those for ordinary RC beam; along with the extension of the time for sea water attack, the bearing capacity for oblique section of RC beams varies wave upon wave. The specimens attacked by sea water for about 35 times of corrosion cycle achieve minimum bearing capacity.