沥青路面热反射涂层开发及耐久性能评价

为开发高性能沥青路面热反射涂层,研究了功能填料配比对隔热性能的影响、粘结材料配比对粘结强度的影响以及功能填料掺量对隔热性能和粘结强度的影响,并在此基础上制备热反射涂层,对其耐久性能进行评价。结果表明：不同TiO₂和SiO₂质量比例下,随着TiO₂质量的增加,热反射涂层的隔热性能升高。相同固化剂掺量下,在增韧剂掺量为20%～30%时,粘结强度最大;相同增韧剂掺量下,当固化剂掺量为30%～40%时,粘结强度最大。随着功能填料掺量的增加,热反射涂层隔热性能升高,粘结强度先缓慢降低,后加速降低。根据各组分最佳配比制备热反射涂层,涂层磨耗率随磨耗次数的增加而升高,前期升高速率快;隔热性能随磨耗率的增大而线性减小;抗滑性能随磨耗次数的增加先迅速上升后缓慢下降。     

活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土防护墙抗爆性能研究（英文）

目的:活性瓷釉涂层能够显著增强钢筋的防腐蚀能力,同时能够明显提升钢筋与混凝土的粘结力。通过对活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土防护墙在冲击荷载作用下的破坏特征进行试验和数值模拟,为活性瓷釉涂层技术在钢筋混凝土结构中的应用提供理论基础。创新点:1.对活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土防护墙进行爆炸荷载作用下的破坏试验;2.通过数值模拟,探究活性瓷釉钢纤维对钢筋混凝土结构抗爆能力的影响,为结构设计提出建议。方法1.通过对活性瓷釉涂层钢筋防护墙进行爆炸试验(图2),揭示活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土结构的动力破坏特征(图4和5);2.通过数值方法研究活性瓷釉涂层对钢筋混凝土防护墙抗爆性能的影响,揭示在不同钢筋-混凝土粘结强度时钢筋混凝土结构整体性的变化规律(图10、13和15);3.在爆炸试验和数值分析基础上,提出活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土结构抗爆设计建议(图16)。结论:1.活性瓷釉涂层能够显著改善钢筋在混凝土结构中的传力性能;在爆炸荷载作用下,涂层钢筋混凝土结构的破坏程度明显减轻。2.活性瓷釉涂层能够显著改善钢筋混凝土结构的变形特性,并显著增强其耗能能力。3.在采用活性瓷釉涂层进行抗爆设计时,采用直径较小的钢筋可提高结构的吸能能力。     

两种填料的性能测试与评价

介绍了顶针型及弹簧型两种填料．在连续精镏塔中测定了它们的性能数据．对实验结果对比分析表明．顶针型填料性能优于弹簧型填料．     

新型液体再分布器填料塔传质性能研究

对在Φ400mm的有机玻璃塔内加装新型液体再分布器后填料塔的传质性能进行研究,并在相同条件下,与不装新型液体再分布器的填料塔进行传质性能比较,得出使用新型液体再分布器可明显提高传质效率.     

翅化技术提高共轭环填料传质性能的试验研究

详细分析了在薄不锈钢板（带）材表面生成翅结构的机理和方法。并以试验证明：改善填料表面特征,利用填料表面的翅结构改善气流流场特性和填料表面润湿性能。提高填料性能是切实可行的。     

填料对环氧树脂模具材料力学性能的影响

利用试验方法测得以铝粉、铁粉为填料以及在3种不同用量情况下,环氧树脂模具材料的抗压强度、抗弯强度和抗冲击强度.结果表明,以铝粉为填料的环氧树脂模具材料的力学性能优于以铁粉为填料的固化物的性能;当w(Al)=150%时,环氧树脂模具材料的抗压、抗弯、抗冲击强度达到最优值.     

活性瓷釉涂层钢筋及钢纤维增强混凝土板动、静力学特性研究（英文）

目的:活性瓷釉涂层能够显著增强钢筋的防腐蚀能力,同时明显提升钢筋与混凝土的粘结力。通过对活性瓷釉涂层钢筋以及钢纤维增强混凝土板在动、静力荷载作用下的承载力、变形特性以及破坏特征的研究,为活性瓷釉涂层技术在钢筋混凝土结构中的应用奠定理论基础。创新点:1.对活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土板的动、静力学性能进行系统研究;2.探究活性瓷釉钢纤维在混凝土结构中的作用机理。方法:1.通过对活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土板进行爆炸实验(图3),揭示活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土结构的动力破坏特征(图5和6);2.通过对活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土板进行静力实验(图4),研究在"点"荷载和"线"荷载作用下混凝土板的力学性能;3.通过分析钢纤维在钢筋混凝土结构中的传力机理,提出活性瓷釉涂层钢纤维在钢筋混凝土结构中的设计方法(图13)。结论:1.活性瓷釉涂层能够显著改善钢筋在混凝土结构中的传力性能;在动力荷载作用下,涂层钢筋混凝土结构的破坏程度明显减轻。2.活性瓷釉涂层能够显著改善钢筋混凝土结构的变形特性,大大增强其耗能能力。3.采用活性瓷釉涂层的钢纤维,其纤维长度可适当减小。     

填料塔技术的现状与发展趋势

填料塔是化工类企业中最常用的气、液传质设备之一 ,而塔填料、塔内件及工艺流程又是填料塔技术发展的关键。从塔填料、塔内件以及工艺流程 ,特别是塔填料三方面对填料塔技术的现状与发展趋势作了介绍 ,说明了塔填料及塔内件在填料塔技术中的重要性     

减压塔填料腐蚀的研究与防护

通过分析大港石化公司减压装置减压塔内填料腐蚀的原因,分析总结出针对各段填料腐蚀情况应采用的相应材质,以达到减小腐蚀的目的.     

石膏

它是多么柔软,温润,随和,多么希望有人助它一臂之力,安排它的命运.这时,它什么活都肯干,甚至充当填料.     

论科技期刊中补白的特点与作用

对科技期刊补白的内容进行分类，论述了科技期刊补白的特点和作用，并提出了撰写补白应注意的一些问题．     

Influence of soft filler on stress concentration factor of elliptic holes in a rectangular plate

Finite element models were established to analyze the influence of soft filler on stress concentration for a rectangular plate with an elliptic hole in the center. The influence was quantified by means of stress concentration factor (SCF). Seven shape factors of the elliptic hole and three levels of elasticity modulus of the soft filler were considered. The reduction coefficient and sensitivity index of SCF are the two indicators in evaluating the influence of soft filler. It was found that the reduction coefficient of SCF increases significantly as the shape factor and the elasticity modulus of the filler increase, indicating that soft filler can reduce the concentrated stress effectively, especially when the shape factor is great. Analysis for the sensitivity index of SCF indicates that SCF is more sensitive to materials with small elasticity modulus than to materials with large one.     

Oscillation and Complexity in Early Infant Behavior

Cyclic fluctuation is a ubiquitous property of spontaneous motor activity in the human fetus and neonate. Oscillation occurs on the scale of minutes, and irregularity is one of its most characteristic properties. To determine whether cyclic motor activity (CM) persists beyound the neonatal period (1 month after birth), and beyound what has been called the period of the fetus ex utero (2–3 months after birth), 30 infants were studied at monthly intervals from 1 to 4 months after birth during active sleep and awake. Spectral analysis was used to quantify the rate, strength, and irregularity of CM. To examine the characteristic irregularity of awake CM more closely, a nonlinear forecasting technique, developed to study chaotic dynamics in other fields, was used to estimate the predictability of spontaneous movement in a state space reconstructed from the time series. The rate and irregularity of CM during active sleep and awake, and its strength during active sleep, did not change across the first 4 postnatal months. However, there was a pronounced drop in the strength of awake CM from 2 months onward, and a concurrent increase in the broad-band power of fluctuations faster than 2 cycles/min. The predictability of awake CM also dropped abruptly between 1 and 2 months, especially for prediction intervals less than 20 sec. The changes at 2 months reflect the introduction of a source of variation with a shorter time constant than fetal-neonatal CM, and which is specific to awake periods. The source of these effects may be moment-to-moment interactions between CM and attention.     

中国大学生英语口语的填充现象研究

对中国大学生英语口语产出中的填充现象展开了研究,研究表明中国大学生填充现象的使用受母语汉语影响,倾向于与长时间静默连用揭示在线言语产出困难,位置分布有规律性。这些研究结果揭示了中国大学生英语口语教学存在的问题并对日常外语教学提供了启示。     

艺林散叶也生花——郑逸梅补白文本简论

被称为“补白大王”的郑逸梅,是中国现代写作历史最长的作家。在长达80年的写作生涯中,他留下了数千万字的作品。其中以小品、笔记和掌故为主的“补白”文本是其写作风格的代表。他的补白文本契合着现代学者散文的精髓,在描述对象的广度,识与趣的认识、展示及二者间的融合、文本话语的别致等方面显示出个性与魅力。     

钎焊间隙对镍基钎料接头强度的影响

本文系统研究了Ni82.5Cr7Si4.583Fe3成分的非晶态及晶态钎料在不同的钎焊规范下,真空钎焊1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢时,接头强度随钎焊间隙变化的特征及与钎缝组织的对应关系.结果表明,接头强度随钎焊间隙的变化存在平台值现象,平台对应的两个特征钎焊间隙分别称为最小可用钎焊间隙{Wmin)和最大可用钎焊间隙(Wmax);从保证填缝质量及成形来看.Wmin不应小于0.01mm;从避免钎缝中出现脆性化合物相及获得较高接头强度考虑.钎焊间隙选择不应大于Wmax;在两个特征钎焊间隙内.钎焊间隙变化对接头强度影响不大;钎焊温度或钎焊保温时间增加时.最大可用钎焊间隙也增大,而最小可用钎焊间隙基本保持不变.     

Impact of childhood maltreatment on physical health-related quality of life in U.S. active duty military personnel and combat veterans

Previous studies have found an association between childhood maltreatment (CM) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and to a lesser extent have considered whether psychiatric symptoms may explain the relationship. This study aimed to further our understanding of the link between CM and HRQoL by testing whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and physical HRQoL. Mediation models were examined in a sample of male Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) active duty and combat veterans (n = 249). PTSD and depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between CM and overall physical HRQoL, as well as participation in daily activities due to physical health, bodily pain, and social functioning. Mediation of the relationship between childhood maltreatment and physical and social functioning by depression and PTSD symptoms may lend support to neurobiological hypotheses that childhood maltreatment sensitizes the nervous system and after repeated trauma may lead to the development of psychiatric symptoms, which have a major impact on morbidity and mortality.     

Assessing System Thinking Through Different Concept-Mapping Practices

System thinking is usually investigated by using questionnaires, video analysis, or interviews. Recently, concept-mapping (CM) was suggested as an adequate instrument for analysing students' system thinking. However, there are different ways with which to use this method. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether particular features of CM practices affect the valid assessment of students' system thinking. The particular features analysed were the medium (computer versus paper–pencil) and the directedness (highly directed versus nondirected) of CM practices. These features were evaluated with respect to their influence on (a) students' performance in CM and (b) the validity of different CM practices for system thinking. One hundred fifty-four German fourth graders (mean age: 9.95 years) and 93 eighth graders (mean age: 14.07 years) participated in the study following an experimental pre-test–post-test design. Three variations of CM practices were applied: (a) highly directed computer mapping, (b) highly directed paper–pencil mapping, and (c) nondirected paper–pencil mapping. In addition to the CM task, a paper–pencil questionnaire was employed to investigate the validity of the CM practices. Results showed that the computer positively influenced student performance in CM when compared with paper–pencil. By contrast, there was no difference between highly directed and nondirected mapping. Whereas the medium rarely influenced the validity of CM for system thinking, high directedness showed a positive influence. Considering the limitations and benefits of particular CM practices, we suggest highly directed and computer-based CM as an appropriate assessment tool—in particular, with regard to large-scale assessments of system thinking.     

Coherent motion sensitivity and reading development in the transition from prereading to reading stage

Evidence suggests that sensitivity to coherent motion (CM) is related to reading, but its role in the etiology of developmental dyslexia remains unclear. In this longitudinal study, CM sensitivity was measured in 31 children at family risk for dyslexia and 31 low-risk controls. Children, diagnosed with dyslexia in third grade (mean age=8 years 3 months), demonstrated reduced CM sensitivity in kindergarten (mean age=5 years 8 months), before they had learned to read. Preschool CM thresholds in controls also uniquely predicted future literacy achievement. When reassessed in first grade, CM sensitivity in the dyslexic children was age appropriate, and CM thresholds in the controls no longer predicted literacy acquisition. These findings contribute to the debate about the developmental relations between visual processing and reading acquisition.