美国Achieve“测验—标准”一致性分析工具的研究及启示

Achieve测验—标准一致性分析工具应用非常广泛,促进了美国课程标准编制和测验设计的发展。该工具由向心性、均衡性和挑战性三个维度以及一系列指标体系构成,研究程序包括试题微观分析和综合分析。借鉴该研究工具,有利于构建本土化的测验—标准一致性分析模式,评价测验与标准的一致性,指导标准完善及测验的改进。     

Effect of project-based learning on high school students' state-mandated,standardized math and science exam performance

In a technologically driven society, math and science students in the United States are falling further and further behind their international counterparts, resulting in an influx of STEM focused, reformed K-12 schools, including schools focused on project-based learning (PBL). This article reports a study of the effectiveness of PBL on high school students' performance on state mandated standardized mathematics and science achievement measures. Manor New Tech High School is a nationally recognized model STEM school, with a diverse student population, where all instruction is delivered through PBL. Although there is ample research suggesting that PBL is advantageous for increasing STEM learning compared to conventional teaching approaches, there is a lack of studies randomly assigning students to receive PBL. Further, some of the effects observed for students attending project-based schools could be due to a self-selection bias for students or parents that choose such an alternative learning environment. This study addresses both of these concerns and found that students taught through PBL, as a group, matched performance of conventionally taught students on all science 11th grade and mathematics 9th, 10th, and 11th grade TAKS achievement measures and exceeded performance by a scale score increase of 133 for the 10th grade science TAKS measure by (B = 133.082, t = 3.102, p < .05). One possible explanation of the differences observed in this study could be the TAKS instrument used to capture student math and science achievement that interprets “real-life applications” of content differently between math and science questions. These results align with literature on the effects of PBL and deepen our understanding of these effects by providing a controlled study with random assignments to the PBL experience. Future research looking at the effect of PBL on achievement on the PISA could be beneficial in identifying benefits of PBL implementation in schools.     

论弹性数学课程构建

数学课程弹性化是数学课程发展的重要趋势.“大众数学”口号促成了人们思考如何构建弹性数学课程,数学课程弹性化具有丰富的涵义,现实差异、教育理论和课程政策是构建弹性数学课程的基础,当前各国(地区)构建的弹性数学课程,对我国弹性数学课程的构建有着启示意义.     

融入还是包容——关于《普通高中数学课程标准(实验)》中的“数学文化”的思考

基于数学文化研究的最新成果,重新对《普通高中数学课程标准(实验)》的数学文化及其设置进行考察,从中发现其数学文化内涵界定不清,其设置也存在问题,有待进一步商榷.基于此,试图由数学文化不同内涵的界定而提出数学文化设置的两种方案:第一,调整体现数学的文化价值的阐述;第二,调整数学文化的内容要求.     

关于数学建模课程改革及其教学方法的探讨

数学建模教学和竞赛的开展,是培养学生创新能力的重要途径.对数学建模竞赛中出现的问题进行分析,找出问题产生的根源与必修课和专业课设置不合理有关,应对高校数学课程的设置、教学方式等进行改革,提出具体改革建议.     

从文化传统角度看数学课程的内容设置和教育目的

文化传统有着自己固有的制度范围和价值取向,体现着独特的民族心理和经验。文化传统对数学课程设置有很大影响。一、中国数学教育形式上完全运用了西方数学教育模式,然而文化心理上却不自觉地运用着中国传统的数学文化观。二、中国文化传统强调文化中的德育精神,强调德智统一、以德统智,以及寓德于一切文化中。这是我国数学课程在内容和目的设置时值得注意的重要问题。     

Conceptualizing the use of online technologies for gifted secondary students

In an era where technology is advancing at a rapid pace, and where information is readily accessible on the World Wide Web, educators should be capitalizing on these resources for gifted students. This paper proposes a conceptual framework to support individualized and independent learning within a network of peers that will provide challenging interactions through extensive use of online learning. Online resources and technologies promote the exploration of new concepts and sharing of new learning with a group of motivated and “like‐minded” peers.     

A journey from the classroom to the world of educational reform: a study of three Korean teachers’ practitioner inquiry

This article explores three Korean teachers’ experiences of carrying out practitioner inquiry as a means of providing meaningful teaching under the test-centred schooling regime in Korea. Practitioner inquiry is a concept that includes multiple genres of educational research such as action research, teacher research, and self-study that aim to change practitioners’ individual practice and, ultimately, the schooling in a society. Based on the analysis of qualitative data, the researcher found that teachers developed their knowledge and expertise in their specific areas of interest and developed strong motivations for transforming the education system. However, their inquiry was limited in practice due to the imposition of test preparation and a prescribed national curriculum. As a result, greater collaboration among practitioners, which not just involves teachers, but wider entities such as administrators, policy makers, and researchers, is required to challenge the current unjust system.     

澳大利亚数学课程标准的特点及其启示

本文介绍了澳大利亚维多利亚州数学课程标准的具体内容;分析了标准中面向学生全体,关注现实情境、注意算法多样化和估算,用多种方式处理几何,提倡信息技术的应用等特点;阐述了对中国数学课程改革的启示.     

新加坡高中数学课程标准评介

新加坡教育部于2011年颁布了新的高中数学课程标准,并于2013年在全国范围内正式施行。该课程标准立足于帮助学生发现自己的才能,发挥自己的特长并实现终身学习,将数学学习水平要求分为 H1、H2、H3三个不同层次,在教学目标、评价标准、教学内容和综合应用等方面有效关照了不同类型的学生,对中国高中数学课程标准的修订和课程改革带来了诸多启示。     

Curriculum strategy framework: investigating patterns in teachers’ use of a reform‐based elementary mathematics curriculum

The goal of this paper is to introduce the curriculum strategy framework as a way to characterize teachers’ interactions with curriculum materials. The framework focuses on three key interpretive activities: reading, evaluating, and adapting curriculum materials. Describing an individual teacher’s curriculum strategy involves identifying the manner in which a teacher engages with each of these activities before, during, and after instruction. This paper presents the results of a study in which the framework was used to identify patterns in the curriculum strategies of 10 elementary‐school teachers who were using a reform‐based mathematics curriculum for the first time. It concludes with directions for further research using the curriculum strategy framework, and implications of this work for curriculum designers.     

中美数学课程基本思想比较

以中国《全日制义务教育数学课程标准》的"基本理念"和美国《学校数学的原则和标准》的"原则"为基础进行比较,同时也比较了中国《普通高中数学课程标准》,得出它们在六个方面的共同点,表明它们在基本思想方面有本质的一致性。还得出中美两国的课程标准存在着三方面的不同:阐述的范围不完全一样、行文的风格不同、对教师的要求不尽相同。"结语"中探讨了在数学教育中如何发挥自己的特色和如何"博采众家、发展自己"的问题。     

"课程标准"与"大纲"中数学思想方法的比较分析

普通高中《数学课程标准》明确提出高中数学课程应提高未来公民的数学素养.数学学习应强调本质,关注数学知识的产生和发展过程,使学生体会其中的数学思想方法.与以往的《数学教学大纲》相比,《标准》不仅在理念、目标中对数学思想方法的理解和体会提出明确要求,而且在内容标准和实施建议中也有充分的反映.     

Standardized testing and the construction of governable persons

While debates over standardized testing are ubiquitous, there has been relatively little consideration of how today's standardized testing practices have arisen. The current study provides a chronology of standardized testing within Alberta, Canada. Starting from prior work by Foucault and others on ‘governmentality’, we propose that the movement to standardized testing be viewed as part of a larger societal movement toward techniques of government that operate indirectly and at a distance. These techniques of government seek to ‘manage’ populations through the use of measurement tools and numerical calculations. We suggest that, although these techniques are directed toward populations, they also have specific effects on individual students, parents, teachers, and other participants in the education system. In particular, we contend that standardized testing programmes, by rendering the participants visible and subjecting them to public scrutiny, contribute to the construction of governable persons.     

高师计算机课与中学数学新课程整合的探究

在高师数学系计算机课中整合中学数学新课程,以在职和职前教师能胜任中学数学新课程的教学为研究出发点,选用中学数学新课程充实深化重组计算机课程内容,实施计算机支持的协作学习的六个步骤：教师创设情境和提出问题、教师分析问题和明确方法、学生自主探索和寻求解答、小组协作学习和解决问题、师生总结和评价成果及教学反思,培养学生基于信息技术平台更有效地学数学与教数学的能力,提升他们的信息素养和数学素养．     

高校开设瑜伽课程可行性探讨

随着经济的快速发展和物质生活水平的不断提高,当代大学生们所面临的各种压力也在不断增加,久而久之,必会严重影响人的身心健康.而瑜伽练习对增进练习者的身心健康极为有利;它能使其个性更加平和;心绪更加宁静安详.它的健身、健心及减肥瘦身等有效价值,对大学生有极强的吸引力,在高校开设瑜伽课程,具有显著的实效性,参与者可终身受益.     

高职数学应用“文化性”的认识与实践

高职数学教育不能忽视数学应用的“文化性”,本文针对高职数学教育中有关学生人文素质养成、课程设置、教学方式等与实现高职人才培养目标相关的方面,阐述了数学应用“文化性”的作用和意义,认为鉴于目前的教学环境,强调数学应用的“文化性”,有益于促进高职数学教育质量提升．     

新数学课程实施情况的调查与思考

调查结果显示，大多数中学教师对新课程的实施充满信心；新课程实施中最困难的问题是教学评价问题；课程资源的匮乏已成为新课程实施的“瓶颈”。在新课程的教学中，要正确处理知识目标、能力目标和情感目标三者问的关系；准确理解和把握“淡化概念”；重视课程资源的开发；要树立数学文化观念，数学课堂上应该有一些“非数学”的内容。     

数学文化与数学课程教学

数学文化是人类的基本文化．这在新一轮数学课程改革中已得到充分的关注。要使数学课程更好地体现数学文化的途径有三：第一,更新数学教育理论;第二,优化数学课程内容;第三,改变数学学习方式。     

评议数学新课程亟须解决的几个问题

数学新课程评议的根本意义,就在于通过分析课程中的各种是非曲折问题,为课程的科学运作提供有效信息和价值判断.数学新课程评议必须基于专业对话,并且以已有研究成果作基础.数学新课程评议必须具体分析与研究,要明确责任,分清界限,而不能笼而统之地进行评议.要积极建立数学新课程评议的专业团体和可持续发展的课程评议机制.