教育行动区:英国提高教育质量的新动向

发展教育是英国工党的政策核心之一。在政府关注教育以及教育质量低下的背景下，教育行动区作为提高教育标准的一项措施、一种尝试，以“包容”为核心，以“赋权”为运作方式，以“合作”为管理手段，为各地区教育质量的共同提高做出了应有贡献。然而，与此同时来自各方面对行动区的抱怨之声也不绝于耳。本文对行动区的酝酿、建立、发展、特色等作了探讨。     

An Education Action Zone at work: primary teacher perceptions of the efficacy of a creative learning and collaborative leadership project

This article reports on the grouping practices used by a cohort of 10 newly qualified primary teachers for teaching mathematics in different English primary schools. It examines the factors that influence why these teachers group as they do. All the teachers grouped their pupils on the basis of achievement or perceived ability for mathematics. It was found that the factors that influenced the grouping arrangements were complex and not always consistent with the teachers' aims and beliefs.     

人种志行动研究：以新媒体为平台的新方法论

人种志行动研究是在新媒体创制平台的研究与开发中整合了人种志和行动研究而形成的一种新方法论。人种志、交往生态和新媒体是它的三个特点。其中,交往生态是其焦点。人种志行动研究者包括外地的专家和当地的研究者,他们既是研究者,也是新媒体创制平台的开发者。人种志和新媒体行动研究为其提供了理论基础。人种志行动研究的一般程序是：规划研究→进行研究（收集和记录数据）→组织编码和分析数据→规划和行动。     

Theory generation and practice improvement: a mental health service perspective

This article presents findings from four problem-based research sites that comprise a larger action research project within primary care mental health services. The projects explored in this article are ongoing and involve working with small networks within specific areas: a GP practice counseling service, a Community Mental Health Team, a GP attached social worker scheme and a rural health cross-disciplinary team. By taking a constructivist approach, and through use of grounded theory techniques, the findings share some common features with Action Research and demonstrate two key aims of problem-based methodology, mainly practice improvement and theory generation (Robinson, 1993). First, they illustrate that a particular understanding of mental health service users can be reached from exploring the way in which they are excluded. Four excluded identities are presented (absent, mediated, difficult and elusive). Secondly, within the understanding that the success of problem-based research can be determined by the effectiveness of actions taken in the local setting (Edwards & Talbot, 1994), the article explores how reflection of user perspectives can move the research forward. Actions taken to improve the service include incremental changes and new initiatives, as well as the development of new avenues of research, thus adding to other action research within healthcare services (Hart & Bond, 1997).     

工会是做好教职工思想工作的桥梁

工会在职工中开展 思想政治工作有重要作用，思想政治工作的形式及内容贴近群众，易于为群众接受，效果明显。     

试论创造教育与创造性人才的培养

本在比较创造教育与传统教育区别与联系的基础上，提出了创造教育的内涵，并就教学中如何实施创造教育，培养研究生的创造能力提出了自己的看法。     

Modernisation and the field of educational administration

In this article I examine New Labour’s approach to the transformation of education by focusing on Michael Barber’s account of policy delivery, and I show that while historical analysis is relevant to policy processes it is absent in the reality of design. I provide a critical evaluation of knowledge claims underpinning policy in England before I go on to show the importance of history both for and about policy and practice in education, where a specific claim is made for its relevance to futuring and strategising.     

Exploring the heterogeneity of class in higher education: social and cultural differentiation in Danish university programmes

This paper examines the relationship between social background, choice of university programme and academic culture among Danish university students. Statistically and sociologically, university students are often treated as a homogeneous group, but the ever-increasing number of students in higher education demands a closer examination of the hidden heterogeneity in the students’ social origin and educational strategies. Using a mixed-method approach (register data and ethnographic observations and interviews) the paper focuses on the students’ class origins and on different cultural practices in three Danish university programmes. It is shown that the Danish university field is characterized by a significant variation in social selectivity from programme to programme, and it is argued that these different social profiles correspond with distinctively different cultural practices in the programmes. Correspondingly, the students have distinctively different strategies towards education and future work life.     

Expansion,differentiation, and the persistence of social class inequalities in British higher education

Conventional political wisdom has it that educational expansion helps to reduce socioeconomic inequalities of access to education by increasing equality of educational opportunity. The counterarguments of Maximally Maintained Inequality (MMI) and Effectively Maintained Inequality (EMI), in contrast, contend that educational inequalities tend to persist despite expansion because those from more advantaged social class backgrounds are better placed to take up the new educational opportunities that expansion affords (MMI) and to secure for themselves qualitatively better kinds of education at any given level (EMI). This paper sets out to test the predictions of the MMI and EMI hypotheses against empirical data for the case of Britain where higher education expanded dramatically during the 1960s and again during the early 1990s. The results show that quantitative inequalities between social classes in the odds of higher education enrolment proved remarkably persistent for much of the period between 1960 and 1995, and began to decline only during the early 1990s, after the enrolment rate for the most advantaged social class had reached saturation point. Throughout this same 35 year period, qualitative inequalities between social classes in the odds of enrolment on more traditional and higher status degree programmes and at ‘Old’ universities remained fundamentally unchanged. In short, social class inequalities in British higher education have been both maximally and effectively maintained.     

Three universities in Georgia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan: the struggle against corruption and for social cohesion

Universities may contribute to a nation’s social cohesion through both direct and indirect means. In their syllabi they may include techniques necessary for understanding complex social problems. Faculty may model good behaviour in terms of listening and understanding points of view that may contradict their own. University administrators may illustrate ways to lead honourably, which can enhance the chances for achieving consensus with respect to future dilemmas. This project assessed typical areas of university tension, including academic freedom, equity of participation and academic honesty. Three different universities were chosen as sites for faculty interviews—a foreign private university in Kyrgyzstan, a flagship state university in Georgia, and a regional teacher training college recently upgraded to university status in Northeast Kazakhstan. Results suggest that the single most important arena wherein universities can influence social cohesion in these countries is the manner by which they address education corruption. The paper reproduces the statements of those faculty members who participate in corruption as well as those who refuse to participate. It concludes with some predictions about the future of the relationship of higher education to social cohesion.

Stemming the Tide of Rising School Exclusions: Problems and Possibilities

This paper argues that the New Labour government' school effectiveness/target-setting strategy for reducing school exclusions is a flawed one. It deflects blame on to individual schools for problems which have as their source more deep-seated changes both in educational policy and in the wider society. A more positive way forward is to learn lessons from the recent research literature addressing the causes of the increase in school exclusions.     

The value of formal host-country education for the labour market position of refugees: Evidence from Austria

Refugees hosted in countries with advanced economies often work in low quality jobs, regardless of the education they obtained in their home countries. In this paper, I analyse the long-term impact of formal host-country education for refugees on labour market outcomes, using 22 years of microcensus data on Bosnians arriving in Austria during the 1992–1995 Bosnian war. I estimate local average treatment effects using age at the time of forced migration as an instrument for the probability of receiving education in Austria instead of Bosnia. I find that receiving a formal degree in Austria significantly reduced the probability of work below educational attainment and low-skill employment for two decades after arrival. There are visible income differences between holders of Austrian and Bosnian degrees beyond this period. Female refugees benefited significantly more from obtaining host-country education than males.     

从《贝伦行动框架》和《教育规划纲要》看成人教育发展

透视美、法等发达国家的成人教育发展状况,综观2009年第六届国际成人教育大会提出的《贝伦行动框架》,以及我国《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010-2020年）》,不仅可以窥见世界成人教育发展的现状和趋势,而且可以看出我国成人教育未来发展的基本走向。     

社会转型时期大学生的信仰危机及其重建

社会存在决定社会意识,社会转型必然会伴随着程度不同的信仰危机。而大学生的信仰关系到国家和民族的未来,因此要冷静的分析大学生的信仰现状及其产生的主要原因,才能更好的进行信仰建设,使大学生牢固确立马克思主义信仰。     

河北省新型农民教育研究

进入21世纪以来,开展"新型农民教育"成为中共中央、国务院统筹城乡发展的重要战略举措。基此,本课题组深入河北农村8个县(市)之一的唐县进行实地调查与走访,掌握了新型农民教育政策在唐县实际实施中的各项真实数据,对其运行、成就、特点、困难与问题等做出初步的探索与总结,并提出进一步发展农民教育的建议。     

新时期留守儿童教育的困境和对策

教育是民族振兴的基石,在现代化建设中具有基础性、先导性和全局性的作用。随着留守儿童的父母外出务工,家庭成员尤其是父母角色的长时间缺位,导致大量农村留守儿童缺乏父母的亲情呵护与完整的家庭教育和监管,致使他们在学习、生活、情感、教育等方面存在着诸多问题。根据农村留守儿童教育面临的现状和主要困境,要从家庭、学校、社会等多方入手,解决农村留守儿童教育问题。     

课程教学大纲的设计和执行——以纽约市立大学英语系《社会语言学》为例

课程教学大纲是确保教学过程顺利进行的重要环节。有效的课程教学大纲应包括教师和课程基本信息;课程目的和目标;教育理念;课程基本内容;课程时间安排和作业时间要求;使用教材;课外阅读;授课方法;学生反馈和学生成绩评定方式;学生的学习工具和学习资料等。以美国纽约市立大学斯坦顿岛学院英语系《社会语言学》教学大纲为例,探讨如何设计课程教学大纲并在教学过程中确保其有效执行。     

不变与变：“新文科与外语学科建设”研讨会暨本刊2021年编委会综述

在“新文科与外语学科建设”研讨会暨《外语教学理论与实践》2021 年编委会上,著名学者许钧、 王守仁、杨金才进行了主旨发言。许钧以自己主编的《翻译概论》为例,阐述了外语教学中的不变与变。王守仁阐释了他提出的“新外语”理念,强调不能满足于跨学科融合,而首先必须创新做强外语学科,融合传播与外语将是外语教学改革的一个重要路径。杨金才以英语专业为例,阐述了他对新外语教育中“不变与变”的理解。     

试论戊戌政变与清末新政间的湖南教育

戊戌政变发生后，湖南的教育革新受到顿挫与厄抑，但是在这种反动局面之下仍有许多趋新的特色存在，并且不仅限于教育领域。这一趋新特色的存在有着浓厚的社会原因，虽在当时表现为一种暗潮，却代表了社会发展前进的趋势和潮流。而新旧之争是认识当时社会上顿挫与趋新特点的关键。     

英国"教育行动区"计划改造薄弱学校的实践与启示

改进薄弱学校、促进教育均衡发展业已成为世界许多国家教育改革与发展的一项重要任务。英国教育行动区计划改造薄弱学校的实践在较短的时间内获得了一定的成效和社会认可,教育行动区的理念和行动设计值得我们借鉴。