互联网环境下IT资源和能力的绩效影响研究

基于IT资源和能力理论,建构互联网环境下IT对企业绩效的影响模型,借助于219家国内企业问卷调研数据,对此模型进行验证。发现IT资源与能力之间有重要的区分,IT安保能力是IT就绪度与IT应用能力的中介变量,IT应用能力间接通过研发创新,影响业务绩效。最后对其理论和实践意义进行探讨。     

Mediating effects of business process for international trade industry on the relationship between information capital and company performance

To explore the relationship of information capital and company performance as mediated by business processes, we sought to establish an analytical framework based on knowledge based view for international trade companies to better develop the innovative capacity of holistic thinking processes of domestic trade enterprises. Using structural equation modeling as part of an analytical research framework, we found that information capital can indirectly affect company performance when mediated by business processes, and that information capital is more critical to the trade industry. This finding reveals that adopting and assimilating information systems form an important channel for companies to provide strategic information and use information capital. We highlighted that the improvement of information capital can significantly enhance a company’s competitiveness and that, since business processes play key mediating roles, the timely adjustment of such processes can allow information capital to enhance company performance of the international trade industry.     

信息技术竞争价值两种观点的比较研究

从理论基础、获取竞争优势的方式和竞争优势的持续性三个维度对战略信息技术应用领域中两种重要观点进行比较研究．基于传统竞争战略观点的战略信息系统,通过识别信息系统（IS）应用的战略机会为企业创造竞争优势,但这种优势由于忽视企业自身特性而难以持续．基于资源基础论（RBV）观点的企业信息技术能力,通过调用和部署企业特有的IS资源为企业获得长期竞争优势．提出了一种IS资源分类方式,并根据资源的六个属性进行描述,分析IS资源对信息技术能力和组织绩效的作用机制,指出信息技术能力研究中存在的问题．     

论知识经济、信息技术及信息服务

本文探讨了知识经济的形成及信息技术发展之间的相互作用和相互影响,在此基础上进一步论述了信息技术发展的必然结果是信息服务业的诞生。反过来,信息服务业的不断发展和壮大又称为知识经济的支柱和动力。     

大数据分析能力、知识动态能力与制造企业服务创新

大数据是制造企业服务创新的重要引擎,但如何利用大数据分析能力处理整合数据,以转化为有用的知识和商业洞见,促进制造企业服务创新的研究还很缺乏。基于知识动态能力理论与组织信息处理理论,利用423家制造企业问卷调研数据,采用层次回归分析法和Bootstrap法探究大数据分析能力驱动制造企业服务创新的内在机理,研究表明：(1)大数据分析能力显著促进了知识获取能力、知识共享能力与服务创新绩效,且在高度环境不确定性下,其促进作用更加显著;(2)由知识获取能力和知识共享能力构成的知识动态能力显著促进了服务创新绩效,且在大数据分析能力与服务创新绩效之间起到部分中介作用;(3)大数据分析能力对服务创新的双元路径中知识共享能力为较优路径。研究结论不仅丰富了制造企业服务创新理论研究,而且厘清了大数据分析能力微观运作机制及触发效能发挥的具体情境。     

信息技术在企业管理中的应用

本文主要就企业通过运用计算机网络信息化技术,完善自身的管理及企业内部资金流、物流和信息流的一体管理,促进企业管理的深化、细化和硬化进行了探讨。     

动态能力的维度：基于中国企业的实证研究

 动态能力的定量分析一直是战略管理研究的难点议题。本研究依据相关文献,设计了一套动态能力测量量表,并以此检验了本研究所构建的动态能力五维分析模型。验证性因子分析结果表明：动态能力可以划分为动态的信息利用能力、资源获取能力、内部整合能力、外部协调与资源释放能力这五个维度。在对动态能力构成维度之间相互关系分析的基础上,本文探讨了动态能力培育的路径,以期对战略管理理论和实践有所借鉴。     

Aligning information technology and business strategy with a dynamic capabilities perspective: A longitudinal study of a Taiwanese Semiconductor Company

Strategic alignment involves the development and reconfiguration of information technology (IT) to support business strategies. This paper applies the dynamic capabilities perspective to analyze the strategic information system alignment process. The paper further argues the approach is constructive in understanding and overcoming difficulties in achieving and sustaining alignment. From a longitudinal case study of a semiconductor company in Taiwan, the results show an unaligned strategic information system (with an implemented IT strategy that varies from the intended IT strategy) impedes the development of IT. Path dependence, or the implications of prior IT decisions, is another barrier for alignment. A broader view of intended alignment, focusing on IT combined with clear business vision, can be beneficial for adding future IT resources. In addition, dynamic capabilities, which are critical for the creation and strength of IT resources, positively influence the alignment process and its future implementation success.     

Organisational knowledge creation strategies: A conceptual framework

The main purposes of this article are to identify the dimensions of organisational knowledge creation strategies (EICE model: exploration, institutional entrepreneurship, combination, exploitation) and to clarify the relationship between the organisational knowledge creation strategies and its knowledge asset. For these purposes, guided by knowledge-based view and knowledge creation theory, we propose an EICE model and explore its effect on the knowledge asset. We further suggest the managerial implications and theoretical implications. The main managerial implication is that the knowledge creation strategies model may help manager to make effective strategies for knowledge creation within the organisation. The main contributions to organisation theory are extending Nonaka's knowledge creation theory to form a new strategic model for knowledge creation.     

External knowledge sourcing in biotechnology through acquisition versus alliance: A KBV approach

Knowledge sourcing is important for firms, especially in fast-paced industries. However, few studies explore the effects of knowledge-based predictors on the comparative choice of employing acquisitions versus alliances for sourcing external knowledge. This study extends the limited existing research on this topic. It simultaneously examines the effects of knowledge domain attributes, seeker and source experience-based knowledge, and dyad knowledge similarity and digestibility on whether a firm chooses an acquisition or alliance when sourcing external knowledge. Data is comprised of 209 research-driven acquisitions and alliances of biotechnology firms based in North America. Our findings reveal that external knowledge sourcing through acquisition is more likely when the knowledge domain is more complex and valuable. Acquisition is also preferred when the seeker has greater acquisition experience and when the source has accumulated a moderate level of alliance experience. Alliance, in contrast, is the chosen mode for accessing external knowledge when the knowledge is high in specificity and when the seeker has prior alliance experience. In addition, increasing similarity and digestibility of the dyad's knowledge bases strengthen the relationship between knowledge value and the probability of acquisition versus alliance. These results extend understanding of how firms decide to augment their knowledge resources in a knowledge-intensive industry. They also demonstrate that a multilevel KBV approach emphasizing knowledge characteristics uncovers important predictors of strategy and structure in research-driven organizations.     

Product architecture,organizational capabilities and IT integration for competitive advantage

Increasingly, firms recognize the strategic implications of front-end product design for improving total cost effectiveness. Computer-aided design (CAD) is becoming firms’ competitive weapon beyond its traditional function as a product design tool. Yet, it is unclear how the full potential of IT system, particularly the usage patterns of 3D CAD system, may be realized through organizational capabilities. This paper presents a model of IT system configurations and CAD usage patterns. Next, a typology of IT system configurations is presented based on (1) the degree of CAD integration between assembly makers and suppliers and (2) the structure of product design information (i.e., product architecture). The product architecture of four electronic firms illustrates that information integration through organizational capabilities is more important than IT investment itself. The findings suggest that a Korean firm accomplishes a greater level of IT integration compared to the other two Japanese firms and thus attain better market performance. This study offers valuable insight on effective IT integration strategy for competitive advantage in the global market.     

How does IT affect design centricity approaches: Evidence from Spain’s smart tourism ecosystem

Little or no prior work has examined how information technology enables the development of a design centered digital ecosystem. To examine this research question, we employ a capabilities lens and identify the pathways through which IT drives the development of a design centric smart tourism ecosystem. We analyzed archival data and data collected from interviews conducted in Spain, a country which has embarked on smart destinations projects and topped the World Economic Forum’s Travel and Competitiveness Index. From our analysis, we delineate and identify specific IT-enabled capabilities important for a country implementing smart tourism projects. We find that many of the IT resources available help develop key capabilities necessary for creating a design centric smart tourism ecosystem.     

IT engagement as a blessing and a curse? Examining its antecedents and outcomes in organizations

Information technology (IT) engagement is defined as a need to spend more time using IT. Practice-based examples show that IT engagement can have adverse effects in organizations. Although users can potentially get more work done through IT engagement, observations show that the users might jeopardize their well-being and hamper their work performance. We aimed to investigate this complexity in the research on IT engagement by examining its potential antecedents and outcomes in organizations. Considering the potentially mixed outcomes, we developed a model to examine the effects of IT engagement on personal productivity and strain. We also aimed to explain the antecedents of IT engagement by drawing on the collective expectations for IT use. In particular, we examined the extent to which normative pressure on IT use drives users’ information load and IT engagement. Finally, we sought to understand whether users’ attempts to avert dependency on IT use reduced their IT engagement. Several hypotheses were developed and tested with survey data of 1091 organizational IT users. The findings help explain the role of normative pressure as a key driver of IT engagement and validate the positive and negative outcomes of IT engagement in organizations.     

浅议“信息素养”培养目标

本文论述了信息素质作为信息时代和知识经济形态下人力资源新指标的重要性、信息素质的定义和划分以及重点培训领域。     

基于知识的动态能力:理论与实证

基于知识的视角构建了基于知识的动态能力理论体系,提出动态能力是企业获取、创造和整合知识资源以感知、应对、利用和开创市场变革的能力。在此基础上开发了涵盖知识获取、知识创造、知识整合三个构面、16个题项的动态能力测度量表,并对218份调查问卷运用信度分析、探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析的方法,理清了数据的基本结构,检验了该测度量表的合理性和有效性,从而为动态能力实证研究的进一步开展提供了借鉴和参考。     

Knowledge transfer processes in IT outsourcing relationships and their impact on shared knowledge and outsourcing performance

What is the impact of specific knowledge-transfer processes on the level of shared knowledge and, in turn, on outsourcing performance in outsourcing relationships? Drawing on a series of case studies covering IT providers and banks, we investigate several applied knowledge-transfer processes dedicated to the transfer of explicit or tacit knowledge between outsourcing banks and their providers. We examine the differential influence of various types of knowledge transfer on shared knowledge between the parties and on the resulting outsourcing performance. Results depict the differential impact of various knowledge-transfer processes dedicated to the transfer of explicit, or tacit knowledge, respectively, on the development of shared knowledge. Interestingly, the combination of both knowledge-transfer processes dedicated to the transfer of explicit knowledge and those dedicated to the transfer of tacit knowledge proves to be most effective. Furthermore the results indicate that high levels of shared knowledge positively influence outsourcing performance. In addition to previous literature, we found transfer processes for explicit knowledge in an outsourcing context to consist of two dimensions: The content dimension, primarily focused on in literature, and the sender–receiver dimension of transfer processes which are rarely addressed in outsourcing literature. The content dimension embraces mechanisms such as trainings, SLAs and standards that define how content has to be interpreted, whereas the sender–receiver dimension of transfer processes of explicit knowledge defines explicit, documented interaction structures between parties.     

信息技术能力对企业绩效影响机制的实证研究

借鉴IT应用模式及组织能力的分类,将信息技术能力(IT能力)分为开发式IT能力和探索式IT能力.从组织决策的视角,剖析了IT能力对企业绩效的影响机制,提出了相应的概念模型和理论假设.然后,以制造企业为对象,以调查问卷的方式回收数据,共回收有效问卷178份,并对上述模型和假设进行实证检验.研究结果表明,IT能力对企业绩效的作用不是直接的,企业决策在两者之间的关系中起中介作用;开发式IT能力通过影响操作决策进而影响企业绩效;探索式IT能力通过影响管理决策进而影响企业绩效.