网络环境下大学生英语自主学习实证研究

网络自主学习是一种较新的学习模式,网络环境下的自主学习模式是外语教学的趋势之一.文章以《大学英语课程教学要求》为依据,对在网络环境下的大学生英语自主学习展开实证研究.主要研究网络环境下的外语自主学习中心是否能够有效地促进外语自主学习,从而明显改善学习者的外语成绩.以西南交通大学非英语专业学生作为研究对象,对比实验班和控制班在实验学期前后的英语听说成绩,实验班和控制班在实验学期后的英语读写成绩及英语期末成绩.     

同伴互助学习模式下外语口语自主学习实证研究

以河南师范大学英语专业学生作为研究对象,对比实验班在实验学期前后的英语口语成绩、实验班和控制班在实验学期后的英语口语成绩。研究发现,同伴互助学习模式下的外语自主学习比传统的自主学习模式能更加有效地提升学生口语成绩。     

基于混合式学习理论之下高职英语教学模式研究

与传统课堂以及网上教学不同,混合式学习是线上学习与线下学习有目的、有计划、有价值的混合。作者提出混合式学习理念指导下高职院校英语教学模式,通过实验证实混合式学习方法的有效性。156个学生参与了实验,实验班采取混合式学习法,对照班采取传统教学法。实验持续一学期,最后分析两个班级期末成绩,以及实验班对混合式学习方法的态度,证实该方法能够提高学生英语成绩。     

大学生英语语音与听力能力关系的实验研究

该研究对语音知识在提高学生听力水平,尤其是听写水平的效果进行了实验。实验以两个英语本科班作为研究对象,分别标为实验班和控制班。经过一个学期的语音训练后,对两班测试成绩进行差异性检验,发现存在显著性差异,且实验班成绩优于控制班。该实验说明英语听力课堂教学中基础语音知识的讲授和训练确实有助于学生听力水平的提高。     

合作学习对小学生学业成绩的影响

本研究在郑州市某小学三年级选取语文成绩大体上相当的两个班分别作为合作学习的实验班和对照班进行研究。在学期始对实验班语文老师和学生进行了团队组建和合作学习技能方面的培训。经过一个学期的合作学习训练和实施,在学期末对实验班与对照班的比较发现,实验班的语文成绩有明显提高,学生之间的人际交往顺畅。相关分析的结果表明实验班的团队满意感和团队凝聚力与团队合作学习小组的学习成绩有显著相关,回归分析的结果表明团队满意感和团队凝聚力对合作小组学生的学生成绩有显著的预测作用。这些结果表明合作学习对小学生的学业成绩产生了积极影响。     

网络环境下的综合教学模式在医学生英语自主学习中的应用

探讨网络环境下的综合教学模式在医学生英语自主学习中的应用效果.以牡丹汀医学院2010级影像医学专业一班30人作为实验班,二班30人作为对照班,分别采用网络环境下的综合教学模式和传统教学模式授课,学期未通过调查问卷、四级成绩等检验教学效果.实验班学生的英语综合运用能力、学习兴趣和四级成绩都明显高于对照班.网络环境下的综合教学模式可以明显提高学习成绩,激发学生自主学习英语的积极性和自主学习能力.     

职业学校英语档案袋教学的实证研究

教学档案袋应用于教育领域,在评价学生学习过程及其状态方面有积极作用。本研究旨在于通过英语教学档案的实证研究为英语教学改革提供一种可行方案,实验进行了一学期,对结果采取定量和定性分析。实验研究结果表明：经过档案袋教学,实验班成绩显著提高,学生对英语学习的兴趣更加浓厚。     

分层互动、合作学习策略在高职英语教学中的实践与探索

针对高职学生英语基础普遍较差、群体差异显著、课堂教学组织困难的现状,采用隐形分层、合作学习的教学方法,对一个自然班进行了为期一学期的实验。通过教师观察、学生反馈、实验前后自我比较以及和对照班的比较,结果表明实验班各层次在学习意识、课堂表现和期末考试成绩中都取得了显著的进步,同时也存在着诸如两端发展仍然受限等问题。     

合作学习对理工科学生英语阅读成绩影响的实证研究

本研究通过实验考察了合作学习对176名理工科大二学生英语阅读成绩的影响。合作学习培训过程包括合作学习策略讲解、分组、适应性学习和正式学习。研究发现：实验班和控制班在实验后的阅读成绩差异不明显,此合作学习策略培训模式对提高理工科学生的英语阅读成绩效果不显著。该研究结论丰富了合作学习理论,为英语阅读教学提供一定的启示。     

合作学习在大学英语教学中的应用研究

本研究主要考察合作学习在大学英语教学中的效果。对两个自然班95人经过为期一年的实验,结果表明：合作学习有助于提高学生的英语成绩;使用合作学习的实验班在英语成绩方面明显优于使用常规教学法的对照班;合作学习更有效改善学生英语学习的动机。     

The effect of schools and classes on language achievement

Abstract This study addresses the effects of secondary schools and classes on language achievement in Flanders, Belgium. The results of a three‐level analysis (students within classes within schools) indicate that the group composition at the class level is very important. In classes with a high average initial cognitive ability or a large proportion of girls, the language achievement is higher. These compositional effects are discussed with reference to type ‘A’ and type ‘B’ effects. The analyses show that group composition is more important than educational practices in accounting for differences in language achievement. With whom one is taught has a larger impact than how one is taught. Indications of differential effectiveness of classes related to prior achievement were found, with greater variations in effectiveness between classes for pupils of low prior achievement.     

Antecedents of academic emotions: Testing the internal/external frame of reference model for academic enjoyment

The present study focused on students’ academic enjoyment as predicted by achievement in multiple academic domains. Assumptions were based on Marsh’s internal/external (I/E) frame of reference model and Pekrun’s control-value theory of achievement emotions, and were tested in a sample of 1380 German students from grades 5 to 10. Students’ academic enjoyment, self-concept, and achievement were assessed in relation to mathematics and verbal language classes. In line with assumptions of the I/E model, mathematics performance assessed in the previous academic year positively predicted enjoyment in mathematics classes, and negatively predicted enjoyment in language classes. Language class performance positively predicted enjoyment in language classes, and negatively predicted enjoyment in mathematics classes. Corroborating assumptions derived from Pekrun’s control-value theory, achievement/enjoyment relations were mediated by academic self-concepts. Despite stereotypic gender differences in mean values, linkages between constructs were invariant across genders.     

The short‐term and the long‐term effect of primary schools and classes on mathematics and language achievement scores

A considerable body of previous research has demonstrated that differences between schools and classes have an impact on students' learning and acquisition of skills. It is not yet clear, however, whether the effects persist in the longer term. The present study examines the effect of primary schools and classes on language and mathematics achievement over a period of two years after leaving primary education. Considerable short‐term effects of the primary school and class on achievement levels at the end of primary education were found. Multilevel models with a cross‐classified structure were constructed to estimate the long‐term effects. Differences between secondary schools and classes turned out to be much more important for achievement in secondary education than the long‐term effects of primary schools and classes, which were small and died out fast.     

Chameleon effects in homework research: The homework–achievement association depends on the measures used and the level of analysis chosen

Using a data set specifically tailored to homework research, with a sample of 1275 students from 70 classes in Switzerland, the association between homework and achievement in French as a second language was tested at three levels (class level, between-student level, and within-student level). The strength and direction of the homework–achievement association depended on the homework indicator chosen and differed to some degree across analytical levels. At the class level, achievement was higher in classes set frequent homework assignments and in classes where students reported low overall levels of negative emotions when doing homework. At the between-student level, high individual homework effort and low levels of negative homework emotions predicted favorable developments in French achievement, whereas high homework time predicted lower achievement. At the intraindividual level, high homework effort, high homework time, and low levels of negative homework emotions were statistically significantly associated with positive student evaluations of the learning gains from the specific assignment.     

Effect of language of instruction on physics achievement

This study investigated the relationship between physics achievement and language of instruction in a situation where instruction was in the second language of both students and teachers. One hundred and seventy-six grade ten physics students (first language was Chinese) were selected from four classes of two secondary schools in Hong Kong. For three months (with four lessons per week), two classes of students learned the content material (light and sound) in Chinese and two classes learned the material in English. Group differences were controlled by using individual aptitude scores as covariates in the analysis. There were no differences in achievement, students' motivation, and effort spent in physics in that controlled teaching period. This was probably because the Anglo-Chinese group was sufficiently proficient in English so they did not encounter additional difficulty in learning physics when compared with the Chinese group.     

Exploring the contribution of classroom formats on teaching effectiveness and achievement in upper elementary classrooms

This study examined the contribution of classroom format on teaching effectiveness and achievement in English language arts (ELA) and mathematics. Secondary data analyses of the Measures of Effective Teaching database included 464 US classrooms. Classrooms were defined as self-contained if a generalist teacher provided instruction on all subjects and departmentalized if a specialist teacher provided instruction on a specific subject. Beginning-of-the-year classroom-level covariates were compared. Both ELA and mathematics self-contained classrooms had larger class sizes, served more students of color, served students with lower initial achievement, and had teachers with fewer years of teaching experience but more likely to have a Master’s degree. Regression models were used to determine if classroom format predicted teaching effectiveness and achievement while controlling for beginning-of-the-year classroom-level covariates. Departmentalization had a small positive association with higher teaching effectiveness ratings in ELA classes. Classroom format was not a significant predictor of achievement in ELA or math.     

Students’ achievement goals,emotion perception ability and affect and performance in the classroom: a multilevel examination

Performance at school is affected not only by students’ achievement goals but also by emotional exchanges among classmates and their teacher. In this study, we investigated relationships between students’ achievement goals and emotion perception ability and class affect and performance. Participants were 949 Greek adolescent students in 49 classes and their Greek language and mathematics teachers. Results from multilevel analyses indicated that students’ mastery-approach and performance-approach goals were positively related to positive affect whereas performance-avoidance goals were negatively related to positive affect. At class-level, relationships between achievement goals and affect were moderated by students’ emotion perception ability. These findings highlight the importance of emotion abilities and their role in motivational processes for class-level outcomes.     

Learner instruction,attitudes during class and academic achievement of junior high school students in Korea: a panel analysis

This study examined changes in the structural relationship among learner-centred classes perceived by Korean junior high school students, attitudes during class and academic achievement. A linear change model was identified as optimal, showing a steady increase over time for each parameter. The higher the initial value for learner-centred classes, the higher both the initial value and rate of change was for attitudes during class and academic achievement. The initial values for attitudes during class also had a significant effect on initial values of academic achievement, suggesting that attitudes are important in increasing academic achievement. The rate of change of both learner-centred classes and attitudes during class significantly influenced the rate of change of academic achievement.     

A comparative study of the effect of behavioral objectives on class performance and retention in physical science

This experiment was designed to assess the effects of behavioral objectives on class achievement and retention. Eight experimental classes received instruction in physical science with stated behavioral objectives and six control classes received the same instruction without knowledge of the objectives. The subject matter used in this ninth-grade investigation was the third unit of the program, Interaction of Matter and Energy. Behavioral objectives and their accompanying assessment tasks were written by the investigator for the subject matter areas of heat energy, light energy, and phases of matter. The experimental classes obtained higher mean scores than the control classes on both achievement and retention tests. The overall mean differences due to treatment was found to be significant at the 0.01 level of confidence. The results of the study support the thesis that providing classes and teachers with behavioral objectives prior to instruction can enhance the performance on achievement tests. Also, the data strongly suggest that behavioral objectives and their accompanying assessment tasks will cause a resistance to forgetting.     

Making the written word “speak”: Reflections on the teaching of correspondence courses

Abstract

Learning outcomes for an interactive television‐based distance learning course in introductory high school Japanese were evaluated in three successive years by comparing student achievement in the distance learning course to that in traditional classes. Year‐end achievement tests of listening and written language competency were administered to students in both the distance and face‐to‐face courses. Results in the first two years showed that test scores of students in the distance learning course were higher than those of students in the face‐to‐face classes; however, possible group differences in motivation, general ability, and experience as language learners could not be ruled out as explanations for the difference. Therefore, achievement measures were supplemented in the third year with data on students’ perceived efficacy as Japanese language users, their grades, and their previous foreign language learning experience. The achievement data again showed differences favoring the distance learning group; trends were consistent for students with differing levels of school success and amount of prior language learning experience. Factors that could account for these results are hypothesized and suggestions for future research are proposed.