“国培计划（2011）”小学体育骨干教师培训的构建与实施

“国培计划（201I）”——紧缺薄弱学科骨干教师培训项目北京教育学院小学体育骨干教师培训班于2011年8月28日开班,9月5日结业,在这1O天里,来自北京、山西、天津、河南、河北、陕西等6个省市的150~＇A小学体育骨干教师参加了培训。此次培训注重培养体育教师实施新课程的教学基本功和专业技能,不断提高中学体育教师课堂教学设计与研究创新能力,努力建设一支懂教学,通技能,会创新的小学体育骨干教师队伍。     

新视域下中学体育骨干教师的成长策略

文章根据新课程对体育骨干教师的要求出发,从提升素质、明确目标、勤奋好学、潜心钻研、勤于反思、勇于创新和合作共进等七个方面探讨了中学体育骨干教师的成长策略,为加强中小学体育教师队伍的建设、提高体育教师的质量提高参考。     

如何在教学中提高体育教师素质——观摩东北三省体育教学展示会的思考

2009年6月19日至21日,在吉林市东北三省第七届中小学体育教学展示会上,我们看到在体育课程改革中,先进的教育思想、全新的课程理念在教学实践中逐步转变为教育教学行为,涌现出许多富有创造性,颇具特色的体育课堂案例;一批体育教师专业素质得到提升,骨干教师队伍正在逐渐壮大。     

高中体育教师专业素养发展影响因素及对策的研究

建设具有高专业素养的高中体育教师队伍,是高中体育教学的一项重要任务。高中体育教师作为学校体育教学中培养学生体育核心素养的主要实施者,必须具备与不断发展的专业素养相对应的专业知识和教学能力。当下,影响高中体育教师专业素养发展的因素主要是专业知识的欠缺和教学能力的不足,对此学校应采取“完善以专业素养培养为内容的在职培训体系”“制定以专业素养培养为维度的绩效考核体系”“建立以老教师带新教师为形式的传帮带队伍”“做好以自省自查自纠为渠道的自我反思小结”的对策,全面提升高中体育教师专业素养。     

绿色耕耘——京郊中小学体育骨干教师培训

为了落实北京市教育大会文件和精神,“加强农村教育工作,缩小城乡教育差距,作为首都教育发展的重点任务”,北京教育学院启动了“京郊农村学校骨干教师培训”绿色耕耘行动。提出“人才强教,农村先行”的宗旨,确立了“倾斜农村,突出骨干,服务急需,兼顾全体”的总体培训思路。于2005年暑期进行了第二期绿色耕耘培训计划,对来自十一个远郊区县104名中小学体育骨干教师进行了培训。培训历经集中理论培训、实践研究与追踪指导、教育考察与专题研讨、寒假集中培训的成果展示四个阶段,围绕新课程和新农村,围绕农村学校体育改革与发展,围绕农村体育教师专业化与发展,围绕农村学生的身心健康与终身体育,力图培训一支理论基础扎实、实践技术过硬、教学教法创新、科研能力突出农村体育骨干教师队伍,重点解决农村体育教师精(专业),     

学、践、研相融 助力自身能力提升——铜山区乡村初中体育骨干教师培育站感悟

铜山区乡村初中体育骨干教师培育站以提升教师专业能力为根本,旨在培养一批集阅读、写作、教研、技能等为一体的一专多能的体育教师,通过多种形式的研修模式,以期实现以点带线、以线带面的“一带一路”教学形式,促进初中体育教育教学质量的提升。     

助力体育教师腾飞的21311“国培计划”

在2010年国培行动的平台和阶梯上,在教育部师范教育司、体育卫生与艺术教育司的高度重视和直接领导下,北京教育学院承担了“国培计划（2011）——紧缺薄弱学科骨干教师培训项目小学体育骨干教师培训,这是国家对我们中小学体育教师最给力的一项培训,是贯彻落实文件精神而启动的一个教育发展项目,是全面提高体育教师教学能力和质量的一项举措,是进一步加强小学体育教师队伍建设的一项保证,主要目的是使广大体育教师有机会参加高水平、专业化的国家级培训,强化体育教师教学技能,提高小学体育教学质量,促进体育教师专业成长。全国首批在北京教育学院启动的6省市的150名小学体育骨干教师,以认真的态度并肩学习、以求索的精神扎实学习、以希望的行动创新学习,在国培计划的摇篮中和阶梯上实现专业发展,用热情和智慧播撤学校体育的种子。     

助力体育教师腾飞的21311“国培计划”

在2010年国培行动的平台和阶梯上,在教育部师范教育司、体育卫生与艺术教育司的高度重视和直接领导下,北京教育学院承担了“国培计划（2011）——紧缺薄弱学科骨干教师培训项目小学体育骨干教师培训,这是国家对我们中小学体育教师最给力的一项培训,是贯彻落实文件精神而启动的一个教育发展项目,是全面提高体育教师教学能力和质量的一项举措,是进一步加强小学体育教师队伍建设的一项保证,主要目的是使广大体育教师有机会参加高水平、专业化的国家级培训,强化体育教师教学技能,提高小学体育教学质量,促进体育教师专业成长。全国首批在北京教育学院启动的6省市的150名小学体育骨干教师,以认真的态度并肩学习、以求索的精神扎实学习、以希望的行动创新学习,在国培计划的摇篮中和阶梯上实现专业发展,用热情和智慧播撤学校体育的种子。     

研教结合促进香坊区体育教学不断前行

长期以来,我区体育教学以科研为先导,以教学实践为依托,不断实践不断创新。以打造一支科研型的体育教师队伍为目标,为实现体育教师专业化发展奠基。针对我区体育教研探索和实践,我们摸索、总结出一套＂研教＂结合,促进香坊区体育教师专业化发展的一些培训策略和经验。     

对我国当前高校体育教师素质结构的探讨

高校体育教师是我国教师队伍中的一部分,培养一支相对稳定的具有一定水平的高校体育教师队伍是非常重要的。每一名高校体育教师都要很好的胜任本职工作、出色地完成教学任务,这就需要高校体育就是具备较高素质结构,否则将直接影响教学质量乃至整个学校体育工作,本文将对此进行一些探讨。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。     

上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点探析

本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。     

对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨

从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。     

我国优秀游泳运动员出发技术辅助训练的研究

为改进我国优秀游泳运动员的出发技术,采用观测和实验方法,通过拍摄运动员陆上和水下出发技术录像以及出发计时,对出发技术进行运动生物力学诊断和分析。在此基础上,根据运动员自身特点和不同泳姿提出相应的入水启动方式,并研制出发训练辅助器材,对出发预备姿势、腾起角度以及飞行远度和入水角进行控制。实践证明:这是一种快捷、有效的出发技术辅助训练方法。     

运动性呼吸肌疲劳与耐力性项目的运动能力

影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩.     

Identifying home advantage in international tennis and golf tournaments

A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer.     

对欧洲足球技战术发展趋势的思考

结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。