学校教学研究的新思路:专长视角

关于教学的心理学研究,使得教育心理学与基础心理学之间的界限已经模糊;在这一背景下,专长的心理学研究——一个被学界视为基础工作的领域——正逐渐走出实验室,在教育实践中日益发挥重要作用,尤其为制订与实践中小学校学生的终极发展目标,提供确凿依据与指导性建议。     

从传统阅读教学到策略阅读教学的嬗变

为了消除传统阅读教学存在的弊端,应该做到“四个转向”,即由“教教材”转向“用教材教”、由重视教师的“教”转向重视学生的“学”、由教会知识转向教会学习、由阅读技能训练转向阅读策略教学。要建构以策略为导向的阅读教学,就要教会学生运用预测、求证、感悟、推论、提问等策略,从而帮助学生实现从“学读”到“会读”、“乐读”的转变。     

叛逆与遵循——试析西方唯美主义诗学中的传统文化因素

西方唯美主义批评与传统文化、传统美学之间存在着背离,但也存在着承接与遵循.这种承接与遵循主要表现在三个方面:一是传统美学中即已包含有唯美主义因素;二是唯美主义批评在基本的理论生成逻辑上吸收利用了传统文化的二元结构模式;三是传统文化的整一、道等观念直接触动了唯美主义批评对于自然及现实生活的态度和看法.     

善治:校长领导变革的价值追求

善治是指使公共利益最大化的社会管理过程,其本质上是一种合作管理。善治作为校长领导变革的价值追求,要求校长在教育实践中体现领导的法治性、道德性、民主性、责任性及有效性等价值内涵。     

The Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium: A Standards-Based Approach to Strengthening Educational Leadership

In this article, we describe the Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium (ISLLC), as well as its intellectual ground and reform efforts. We begin by examining the foundations that provide shape to the ISLLC standards. We review new visions of learning and teaching, changing conceptions of organizations, and reconfigured relationships between schools and their communities. We also analyze the evolving context of schooling, focusing on movements underway in the economic, social, and political domains of the education industry. The middle part of the article reviews the picture of educational leadership that informs the work of the consortium. In the final section, we describe the principles and core tenets that provide the architecture for the standards and outline the standards themselves. We also chronicle how the ISLLC standards are being used to strengthen educational leadership throughout the United States.     

中国传统哲学历史观的理论成就及其当代价值

在中国传统哲学思想中,历史观是非常重要的组成部分.在此方面,虽有英雄史观等理论糟粕,但更有大量带有唯物史观萌芽性质的思想精华.从现代人的立场看,有四个方面的内容非常值得关注.它们分别是:"治乱有数"、"理势合一"的历史规律论;"今胜于古"、"因时变法"的历史进化论;"民为邦本"、"即民见天"的历史动力论;"礼生于有"、"先富后教"的道德发展论.这些宝贵的思想,对于纠正当今思想界的一些理论偏失具有重要的学术价值.     

The Value of a Programme-wide Approach to Assessment

Reliability is important in the academic judgements that higher education institutions pass to employers, graduate schools and other stakeholders. However, there are well-known limits to the levels of reliability that can be reached at reasonable cost and without sacrificing validity. It is argued that a systemic approach to the assessment of student learning shows how resources may be freed up to invest in securing more reliable assessments where they are desirable and might reasonably be had.     

现代大学治理:从管理主义向领导主义理念的转变

现代大学治理体系的完善是现代大学制度的重要内容."双一流"建设对我国现代大学治理提出了新的要求,新公共管理主义理念已经无法满足现代大学治理的要求.现代大学治理结构具有动态性、责权分明、因地制宜的特征.领导主义理念与现代大学治理具有高度的契合性,基于领导主义理念,我国大学应共享领导力、营造创新环境、明确权力结构以实现现代大学共同治理.     

晋宋之际门阀士族由竞进到退让的历程

晋宋之际 ,政局多变 ,已趋于衰落的门阀士族积极投身政治运动 ,期冀在新王朝重振家声。随着刘宋皇权的日渐加强 ,统治者对门阀士族采取了种种限制、打击措施 ,迫使他们不得不从竞进转向退让 ,一步步退出了权力中心     

后现代主义知识教学观：价值与局限

后现代主义知识教学观是人们关于后现代主义知识教学问题的总体认识和基本观点。它反对线性、控制、精确、结构化的现代主义知识教学观,主张科学精神与人文精神、工具理性与价值理性、身心发展与人格完善之间的和谐均衡,具有开放性、内在性、生成性和多元融合的特点。它彰显着现实价值诉求和本体价值诉求,也存在理论自相矛盾、相对主义、极端反对量化研究和精英主义知识教学等缺点与不足,需要进行理性地反思。     

论韩愈对传统价值的回归——以其散文为研究重点

韩愈以"博爱"释"仁",是回归以儒家礼教为核心的价值观与济世情怀、回归士大夫与文人的历史使命感与时代诉求。博闻强识、殚见洽闻,是其回归传统的重要基石;单一身份的艰难求索、多重身份的互益互补与冲突抵牾,是回归传统的内在理路,亦是其选择"忧己先于忧民"的症结。"成己成物"的"合内外之道"是支撑其回归传统的根本因素。"人格面具"虽损其伟岸,其个体生命却仍值得尊重。     

Benefiting from Multiple‐Choice Exams: The positive impact of answer switching

The extent and benefit of answer switching when completing multiple‐choice exams was investigated in an undergraduate course (n = 1,152) and a postgraduate course (n = 1,624). Answer switching was identified in 1.7% and 2.4% of cases, respectively. In both samples, more than half the participants changed at least one answer and, of these, approximately 50% increased their test score and 25% decreased their test score. Significant gender differences were not found, but males were less likely to switch. Multivariate analysis indicated no significant differences in answer switching behaviour between Australian and international students. Univariate tests, however, suggested that international students made more right to wrong (p <.05) and wrong to wrong (p < .02) switches. The results also suggested that better students were more likely to switch from a wrong to a right answer, and to make significantly fewer right to wrong (p < .001) switches.     

从个人领导走向团队管理——英国中小学校分权领导对我国的启示

作为一个学习型组织,中小学校的发展很大程度上取决于校长在组织中分配权力的能力。当学校处于困境,校长权力的相对集中会有助于学校情况的好转。但大多数非困境的情况下,中小学校则需要从个人领导走向团队管理,提高学校管理效能。本文认为共同的学校发展远景、合作的学校教师文化、共享的价值观是建立学校管理团队,实现校长从个人领导走向团队管理的重要基础。     

学校组织变革:从领导到评估

学校作为开放的社会系统,外部和内部环境的互相作用使得校长领导模式也发生不同转变。不同变革模式有不同的侧重点和价值,在学校发展变革中,要根据不同学校的实际情况与固有的组织文化来选择模式。变革评估是检验变革成败以持续变革的关键一环。     

中国传统生死观探析

从中国传统的生死观的探析中,比较和分析理性主义生死观与非理性主义生死观、享乐主义生死观与重视精神价值追求的儒、墨两家生死观的异同,挖掘有利于大学生树立正确生死观的传统生死观资源,促进大学生热爱生命,显示生命意义,提升人生境界。     

Personal Leadership in Practice: A Critical Approach to Instructional Design Innovation Work

An argument is made in this article for a link between leadership and innovation, when innovation is an outcome of the work approaches and practices that underpin an educational technologist’s academic course designs. The practice of instructional design (ID) is continually being challenged to rethink its conceptualization of academic course designs, especially for web-based affordances, to release designers to new processes that more align with the modern use of communication devices and networks. I suggest here that the time has come for ID to leave non-adaptive, linear thinking behind not only in how and when to prescribe certain technologies but in how to approach educational change with an adaptation of personal leadership that drives innovation (Ashbaugh, 2012).     

大学生政治价值观的形成规律及启示

政治价值观是内在成长因素和外面环境因素双重作用的产物。大学生政治价值观是需求激发,认知加工和非理性因素调节的整合过程,进行大学生政治价值观教育要尊重规律,建立科学机制。     

当代大学生价值观困惑与引导

当代大学生在价值观方面有许多困惑。困惑的原因不仅有社会变化等环境因素,更有大学生自身生活阅历不足、心理发展不成熟等自身因素。这给思想政治教育提出了新课题。解决当代大学生价值观困惑,必须通过确立主导价值观加强价值观教育,改进学校德育工作,加强精神文明建设,重视家庭教育。     

学校领导的新进展：从教学领导到转型领导

学校领导的研究已有100余年的历史,20世纪80年代后出现了两种占主导地位的领导范式:教学领导和转型领导。前者强调自上而下的控制;后者强调自下至上的参与式改革,是一种分享式的领导范式。教学领导凭借管理与控制组织成员导向既定的目标;转型领导则通过提升组织成员的期望值来憧憬、创造未来。鉴于两者的优点与不足,未来的领导范式将是两者的有机整合。     

试析当代大学生与时俱进的人生价值观

当代大学人生价值观变化与时俱进表现在价值认识、价值目标、价值实现途径和价值评定方式等方面，其根本原因是时代变化的影响。时代要求当代大学生多作贡献，确立崇高的人生价值目标与时俱进。