跨步投篮

跨步投篮是在通常的原地投篮、跳起投篮基础上,利用步伐的变化改变投篮位置、出手点,避开防守者封盖的一种投篮技术。 篮球运动发展到今天,高强度的对抗、积极凶猛的贴身防守使运动员在比赛中从容投篮的机会越来越少。而跨步投篮可以在持球运动员中枢脚周围三米左右的范围内寻找投篮出手点,使防守者不易准确判断和有效封盖。所以跨步投已成为篮球比赛中经常运用的技术和进攻得分的有效武器。     

如何改进投篮技术训练

投篮技术是篮球运动中进攻技术的核心,是比赛中唯一得分手段。在篮球比赛中多种矛盾的焦点是投篮,进攻一方运用多种技术,战术的目的都是为了假造良好的投篮机会,并力求将球投入篮筐得分。而防守方则想方设法阻止对手投篮。双手都力争主动,因此,我们就投篮技术是矛盾的焦点。     

如何改进投篮技术训练

投篮技术是篮球运动中进攻技术的核心,是比赛中唯一得分手段。在篮球比赛中多种矛盾的焦点是投篮,进攻一方运用多种技术,战术的目的都是为了假造良好的投篮机会,并力求将球投入篮筐得分。而防守方则想方设法阻止对手投篮。双手都力争主动,因此,我们就投篮技术是矛盾的焦点。一个运动员如果     

试论旋转球在投篮中的运用

试论旋转球在投篮中的运用福建体院黄顺和投篮是指进攻队员，为把球投入对方球篮而采用的各种专门动作的总称。它是篮球运动非常重要的进攻技术和得分手段，一场球赛始终包含着进攻与防守两大部分．不论攻守，运用一切战术目的，都是为了投篮得分。比赛胜负是以投篮得分多...     

谈抢后场篮板球的技术训练

抢篮板球技术是篮球运动中,一个很重要的组成部分。在篮球比赛中,投篮有一半以上能命中,防守的任务通常是防止对方投篮,但这在比赛中不是每次都能做到的,假如对方投篮了,防守一方应尽力使进攻一方抢不到篮板球,避免对方再次投篮。近年来国内不少专家经研究也发现,抢篮板球次数对比赛胜负的影响,比投篮命中率或总投次数对胜负的影响更大。     

单手肩上投篮动作的解剖和几何学分析

一、前言投篮是篮球运动最关键的技术,而单手肩上投篮又是诸多投篮技术中最重要和最常用的技术,其技术动作的规范、合理与否,是影响投篮效果——命中率的首要因素。由于一些运动员投篮动作的不规范、不合理,在比赛中,特别在无人防守的罚球时,因命     

篮球比赛中防持球队员假动作的应用分析

篮球运动不仅是通过技战术来比赛,也是"斗智"活动。因此灵活运用假动作,因人制宜,行之有效地防守,就能控制比赛。假动作在比赛中作为防守的一种技术手段越来越被人们所重视,本文将针对篮球比赛中防持球队员假动作进行探讨和分析。1运用假动作防持球队员的应用分析1.1防投篮。进攻队员持球时,防守者要严密防守。此时持球     

对篮球失衡状态下进攻与防守的研究

随着篮球运动的高速发展和比赛对抗的日益激烈,防守的攻击性变得更加犀利.队员在对抗中想寻找无防守干扰的投篮机会几乎没有.如果在失去平衡的情况下完成各种技术动作不仅能够提高比赛的观赏性和鼓舞队友士气,更是赢得比赛胜利的关键.文章分析了现代国内外篮球运动的发展趋势,就如何在失衡状态下更好地完成技术动作进行进一步综述,旨在为缩小我国篮球与世界篮球强国之间的差距奠定基础.     

浅析篮球跳投技术

在篮球运动中,传球、运球都是战术配合,最终目的都是为了投篮,它是得分唯一的方法。随着篮球运动的发展,投篮技术也出现一些新的趋势,如投篮的难度性,远距离投篮的准确性, 投篮技术的多变性。在竞争中,进攻队运用各种技术、战术都是围绕创造机会进行投篮得分。而防守队的积极防御也是为了阻挠和破坏进攻队的投篮,所以投篮是篮球竞赛中攻守对抗的热点,而跳投技术又是目前篮球运动最常用的得分手段,它在篮球运动中显得尤为重要。下面拟从以下几个方面进一步分析和探讨。     

浅谈篮球比赛中影响投篮命中率的因素

篮球是一项技术综合性较强的运动项目,投篮得分的多少,决定着比赛的胜负。随着运动员身高、力量、弹跳等身体素质及防守技术、战术的不断发展与提高,那种无人防守、轻松投篮的现象在比赛中已经很少见到,取而代之的是有投必防,有投必封的激烈对抗场面。如何提高运动员在激烈对抗条件下投篮命中率已经成为提高竞技篮球运动水平的关键。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。     

上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点探析

本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。     

对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨

从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。     

我国优秀游泳运动员出发技术辅助训练的研究

为改进我国优秀游泳运动员的出发技术,采用观测和实验方法,通过拍摄运动员陆上和水下出发技术录像以及出发计时,对出发技术进行运动生物力学诊断和分析。在此基础上,根据运动员自身特点和不同泳姿提出相应的入水启动方式,并研制出发训练辅助器材,对出发预备姿势、腾起角度以及飞行远度和入水角进行控制。实践证明:这是一种快捷、有效的出发技术辅助训练方法。     

运动性呼吸肌疲劳与耐力性项目的运动能力

影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩.     

Identifying home advantage in international tennis and golf tournaments

A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer.     

青少年业余足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型初探

根据Scanlan等人最新提出的运动倾向性理论模型,结合我国实际情况建立了青少年足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型。运动倾向性被定义为:渴望和决心继续参加足球运动的心理状态。所建立的5因素结构模型认为,运动倾向性是由运动乐趣、参与选择、个人投入、社会约束及参与机会5个因素决定。经确定5个决定因素和运动倾向性的操作定义,编制了相应调查问卷,通过对北京市252名青少年足球运动员实测结果,建立运动倾向性及其影响因素的协方差结构模型,用Lisre 18分析的结果表明:该运动倾向性模型比较符合北京青少年足球运动员。其中运动乐趣、个人投入、参与机会和参与选择4因素对运动倾向性有影响;社会约束对运动倾向性影响不大。