PARTICIPATION IN A COURSE ON AGING: KNOWLEDGE,ATTITUDES, AND ANXIETY ABOUT AGING IN ONESELF AND OTHERS

Knowledge, anxiety, and attitudes about older adults and one's own aging were assessed in 256 college students. The Facts on Aging Quiz (Palmore, 1988), the Knowledge of Aging and the Elderly Quiz (Kline, Scialfa, Stier, & Babbitt, 1990), the Anxiety about Aging Scale (Lasher & Faulkender, 1993) and the Aging Semantic Differential (Rosencranz & McNevin, 1969) were administered at the end of the semester to students enrolled in an upper level psychology course on aging and students enrolled in an introductory psychology course (who had never had a course on aging). Comparisons of those finishing the psychology of aging course and those never having taken a course on aging revealed significant differences in knowledge of aging and the elderly and attitudes toward the average 70-year-old. Interestingly, the two groups of students did not differ in personal anxiety about aging and attitudes about one's own aging. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to attitudinal judgments of oneself versus others and the differential benefits of education for attitudes and anxiety about other old adults versus attitudes and anxiety about one's own aging.     

老师，请听我说

老师，您每天早上都提出“回家不允许看电视”的要求，对此，我想提出自己的一点看法。     

ANXIETY AND ACHIEVEMENT IN A MULTICULTURAL SITUATION

Oral reading comprehension test scores are generally determined by a variety of factors, not only by task difficulty and examinee proficiency, but also by stimuli extraneous to the testing task itself — such as group vs. individual testing situation, scorer method and bias, and examinees’ sociolinguistic background, motivational disposition, and anxiety during the test.

By giving the same examination under the same testing conditions to students, teachers and administrators generally believe that they are thereby being fair in their testing practice. However, if the same test situation debilitates the motivation and performance of some groups while increasing the motivation and performance of others, the assumption of fairness in standardised test procedure may be only illusory. Indeed, while stimuli in the test situation appear to be held constant from the examiner's point of view, they may interact with background variables to differentially affect levels of test performance (Cole and Bruner, 1970).

Two types of anxiety effects have been differentiated in the literature, namely debilitative and facilitative effects (Alpert and Haber, 1960).

The present study sets out to examine the effects of the following factors on oral reading comprehension test scores: (a) anxiety under varying test conditions, (b) students’ gender, (c) students’ native language, (d) the testing situation (individual vs. group), and (e) the relative difficulty of the English language texts.

Two studies were conducted during an advanced English reading course at Haifa University to examine these issues. Study One, based on a sample of 170 students, was designed to examine the affective, cognitive, and sociolinguistic correlates within the test situation. No meaningful relationship was observed between students’ attitudes and test performance. Study Two, using 112 students, was undertaken to examine the roles of anxiety, sociolinguistic background, and text difficulty within the oral testing situation in greater depth. Test scores were affected by gender and ethnic affiliation but not by text difficulty, reported level of anxiety, or group vs. individual testing situation.     

SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE TAYLOR MANIFEST ANXIETY SCALE

A study comparing the performance of males and females on the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale extended the previous findings of a differential response pattern for males and females to a Canadian high school population. An item analysis identified 12 of the 50 items as being responsible for the higher female scores. The scores for Canadian high school students in this study were found to fall midway between those of university students and those of psychiatric patients tested in previous studies.     

大学生网络成瘾与焦虑形态的关系研究

笔者抽取800名大学生进行问卷调查，以了解其网络成瘾状况的分布特征及网络成瘾与焦虑水平的关系。结果表明：（1）大学生IAD者占8．12％，二项检验显示，男生显著高于总体比例，女生和文科生显著低于总体比例，其他类别与总体比例无显著差异。（2）不同成瘾程度大学生在状态焦虑和特质焦虑得分上均有极其显著差异，且焦虑程度随成瘾程度的增加而增加。（3）蒙族大学生IAD者在特质焦虑上显著高于汉族IAD者；农牧区来源的IAD者在状态焦虑上显著高于城市来源的IAD者；四年级IAD者在特质焦虑上显著高于二年级IAD者。（4）上网持续时间对焦虑水平有显著影响，在状态焦虑上，上网次数与上网时间交互作用的主效应非常显著。     

简论竞赛焦虑的心理疗法

竞赛焦虑时运动成绩有积极的和消极的影响．如何使运动员把焦虑水平控制在适宜程度,排除高、低焦虑水平带来的消极影响．本文从心理学的角度对此做了一些分析和调适．     

ABOUT DRINKS

1.Tea is served.Make yourself at home.茶准备好了,请随便用吧。2.Would you care for a cup of tea?请喝杯茶好吗?3.How do you like your tea,with sugar?你要喝什么样的茶,加糖吗?4.The strong one without sugar.我要浓茶不加糖。     

安徽省高校体育教学环境的焦虑与应答

高校体育教学是高校各学科教学中不可或缺的重要组成部分,其教学活动的开展是在特定的环境中进行的,此环境的优劣直接关系影响着体育教学的效果与质量。研究采用文献资料、问卷调查、实地考察、访谈、数理统计等研究方法,理清与梳理体育教学环境中的影响因素,并将其分门别类,深入探析每一因素对教学效果的影响,从中剥离出体育教学环境现状中的焦虑因素,并提出改善优化高校体育教学环境的一些应答方法,以期达到体育教学成效的最大化。     

父亲在哪儿？

兄弟俩在看一些美丽的油画。“看,”哥哥说。“这些画多漂亮呀!”“是啊,”弟弟说道,“可是在所有这些画中,只有妈妈和孩子。爸爸去哪儿了呢？”哥哥想了会儿,然后说道：“他正在画这些画呗。”     

LEARNING ABOUT LEARNING

This paper arises from the re‐design of a diploma course unit on ‘Learning’, consequent upon staffing changes, and examines some of the issues involved. In particular it deals with some of the problems and opportunities associated with group heterogeneity, the problem of assessing co‐operative assignments, and some student perceptions of the teaching/learning processes experienced.     

STORIES ABOUT DOGS

A George is a young man.He does not have a wife.But he has a very small dog,and he has a small car,too.He likes playing tennis.Last Monday,he played tennis for an hour at his club,and then he ran out and jumped into a car.His dog came after him,but it didn't jump into the same car,it jumped into the next car.