Web usage statistics: Measurement issues and analytical techniques

The number of federal agencies creating and maintaining electronic networked resources continues to increase. One networked resource federal agencies are increasingly using is the World Wide Web (Web). As government use of the Web rises, so too does the need for assessing the extent and nature of public use of agency Web sites. One means of Web use evaluation is through the analysis of Web server-generated log files. This article presents various log file analysis techniques and issues related to the interpretation of log file data.     

Simplifying Usage Statistics: What's Next for SUSHI

Standardized Usage Statistics Harvesting Initiative (SUSHI) is the key to automating the harvesting of Counting Online Usage of Networked Electronic Resources (COUNTER) usage statistics. Whether librarians are aware of it or not, SUSHI is a critical standard for measuring and monitoring the use of library online collections, eliminating hours of painstaking effort that would otherwise be required to locate, retrieve, and load usage reports. However, needs are evolving and standards like SUSHI need to evolve too. In this column I will examine some of the challenges facing SUSHI and how the National Information Standards Organization SUSHI Standing Committee is proactively addressing the challenges with its effort to develop a more flexible and easier-to-implement version of SUSHI.     

Implementing SUSHI and COUNTER: A Primer for Librarians

Project Counting Online Usage of Networked Electronic Resources (COUNTER) released its first code of practice in 2002. Standardized Usage Statistics Harvesting Initiative (SUSHI) was introduced in 2007 as a way of automating the harvesting of COUNTER reports. Both initiatives have been well adopted yet there is still confusion about how to implement SUSHI. This column offers a primer for library staff wanting to take advantage of the benefits of SUSHI. It starts with a quick review of both COUNTER and SUSHI, then covers options for SUSHI clients, examines SUSHI configuration requirements, demonstrates how to use SUSHI to obtain a COUNTER report and shows an example of working with a COUNTER Journal Reports in Extensible Markup Language (XML) format to create a spreadsheet with a simple cost-per-use and package analysis. By the end the reader should gain enough knowledge to configure a SUSHI client, successfully harvest COUNTER statistics and to perform some basic analysis on that usage.     

COUNTER 2005: a new Code of Practice and new applications of COUNTER usage statistics

The article gives an update on the progress with COUNTER to May 2005. In particular it describes the draft Code of Practice for books and reference works and the results of actual use of COUNTER‐compliant data in the journals area.     

JUSP in time: a partnership approach to developing a journal usage statistics portal

The Journal Usage Statistics Portal (JUSP) service is expanding rapidly, and aims to encompass all NESLi2‐participating publishers by the end of 2011, together with all UK higher‐education institutions subscribing to deals from those publishers. A key part of the success of JUSP will be the implementation of the Standardized Usage Statistics Harvesting Initiative (SUSHI) protocol for automatic harvesting of usage statistics directly from publishers. This article outlines development of the service and describes how JUSP is working with Oxford University Press to deliver usage statistics to libraries. We also describe future developments at JUSP, including the creation of our own SUSHI server, and explain how new initiatives and enhancements are developed and rolled out in conjunction with our participating institutions.     

Librarians' use of usage statistics for journals and e‐books

In September 2010 MPS Limited undertook a short survey of librarians, addressing their use of usage statistics. Over 300 librarians responded. This article covers the findings. 97% of the librarians surveyed use usage statistics in some way. As would be expected, they find COUNTER‐compliant usage statistics invaluable and place their importance above non‐COUNTER‐compliant usage data. They also rely on this information as a major part of the decision‐making process when it comes to purchase and cancellation decisions.     

SUSHI对电子资源规范化管理的影响

SUSHI是标准化使用统计获取协议,可促成使用统计数据格式的一致性,实现数据获取和管理过程的自动化。在推动电子资源规范化管理的宏观背景下,对SUSHI的广泛遵从对于推进图书馆联盟电子资源集团采购统计评估工作规范化,带动国内图书馆ERMS的研发和实施,促进基于电子资源生命周期管理流程的规范化,加速电子资源使用统计标准化进程具有深远影响。图书馆和数据库商应积极响应,共同促进电子资源使用统计自动获取和规范管理。     

PIRUS2: individual article usage statistics — developing a practical,global standard

The most granular level at which COUNTER currently requires reporting of usage is for the individual journal. A number of developments have, however, meant that it is now practical to investigate the development of a COUNTER standard for the recording, reporting, and consolidation of usage statistics at the individual article level. The aim of PIRUS2 (Publisher and Institutional Repository Usage Statistics 2) was to take forward the outcomes of the original PIRUS project and build on its recommendations, by developing a prototype service (including technical, organizational, and economic models) that will enable publishers, repositories, and other organizations to generate and share authoritative, trustworthy usage statistics for the individual articles and other items that they host. The PIRUS2 project was completed in June 2011. This article covers the aims, objectives, outputs and recommendations of the project.     

电子资源使用统计收割标准SUSHI的实施与应用研究

电子资源使用统计收割标准SUSHI是一个为自动收割COUNTER格式的使用数据而制订的数据采集与传递的标准协议,于2007年成为NISO标准。目前,图书馆和数据库商对如何使用SUSHI仍比较迷茫,并不清楚各自需要做哪些准备工作以实现利用SUSHI自动收割使用数据。2014年2月,中国高校图书馆数字资源采购联盟倡议实现组团数据库使用数据按月自动化收割与规范化管理,重新引发国内图书馆及数据库商对SUSHI的关注。为加深国内图书馆及数据库商对SUSHI的理解与认知,并推进SUSHI的应用,本文梳理国内外SUSHI的实施与应用现状,从SUSHI客户端和服务器端两个层面解析SUSHI实施与应用的具体流程与步骤,并通过剖析英国JUSP和中国DRAA电子资源使用统计模块两个联盟的应用案例,呈现SUSHI应用的具体操作细节,揭开SUSHI实施与应用的神秘面纱。意识层面、技术层面和标准层面的因素推动或阻碍了SUSHI的实施与应用,建议要基于利益相关者来推动SUSHI的实施与应用。参考文献29。     

User satisfaction survey and usage of an electronic desktop document delivery service at an academic medical library

In June 2000, the Biomedical Library at the University of South Alabama introduced Prospero, an electronic desktop document delivery service. From June 2000 to November 2002, Prospero delivered 28% of interlibrary loan requests and 72% of document delivery requests. In November 2002, the library conducted a user satisfaction survey of the Prospero service. Forty-two surveys were used. Fifteen responses were received from affiliated faculty, staff, and students, who generally expressed satisfaction with the service. Twenty-seven responses were received from unaffiliated users, comprised of medical libraries, individual users, and businesses. Based on the survey results, the library deemed the Prospero service a success. To better support users, the library's Web page was updated to include hardware and software requirements for successful use of the Prospero service, as well as screen shots of the Prospero process.     

Knowing your users: the value of article database usage analysis

This study analyzes the usage data of a major engineering article database, IEEE Xplore, from 2005 to 2008, at Texas A&M University. Usage data collected from the IEEE Xplore statistics website demonstrated some interesting patterns of user behavior. Usage of the database increased steadily from 2005 to 2007, but dropped in 2008 due to the launch of the library's new website; off‐campus usage was high in the first two years, but plunged in 2007 and 2008. Users from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and, to a lesser degree, from the Computer Science Department, were identified as major users of the database by IP statistics. The most heavily used journals and articles indicated that solid‐state circuits, microwave, information theory, and power systems were probably among core research areas in electrical and computer engineering for the university. The impact of conference articles in this database increased continuously throughout these years.     

Library statistics of schools in the health sciences: part I

During the winter of 1965/66, statistics on library staff, clientele, resources, expenditures, salaries, and services of medical, dental, pharmacy, osteopathic, and public health schools were collected by the MLA Committee on Surveys and Statistics. In an attempt to provide standardized information on these libraries, the Committee utilized questionnaires provided by the U.S. Office of Education. The survey was conducted in co-operation with the American Dental Association, the American Association of Dental Schools, the American Council on Pharmaceutical Education, and the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy.     

统计学结果的修约

用统计学结果("平均数±标准差""平均数±标准误")表达带有随机误差的实验结果,是科技论文写作的一大进步,统计学结果的表达不仅要准确,而且其数值修约更不能忽视.     

浅议图书馆的服务统计

图书馆服务统计是图书馆工作的重要组成部分，是对服务运行中的各种资料，进行搜集、整理、分析、研究，从中发现问题、解决问题、进而提升服务效益的一种科学管理方法。     

Continuous usage of e-participation: The role of the sense of virtual community

Local governments around the world are increasingly implementing e-participation platforms to involve citizens in consultation and decision-making processes. E-participation platforms usually succeed and produce positive effects in the community when adopted in the long-term scenario. The adoption of those platforms is still a challenge for local governments. The understanding of the factors that influence the continuous intention to use e-participation over time is critical for the design of diffusion and promotion strategies that motivate the citizens to keep using e-participation. This article explores the drivers that predict the post-adoption of e-participation platforms from the perspective of the sense of virtual community theory, that is the degree of affective attachment to a given community mediated by information technology. Specifically, our research model evaluates the association between the sense of virtual community with use behaviour and the continuous intention to use e-participation. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate the data collected from 370 citizens who experienced an e-participation platform hosted by a European capital city. We found out that the direct association between the sense of virtual community and use was significant. Even though the direct association between the sense of virtual community and the continuous intention was non-significant, the indirect association sense of virtual community to use to continuous intention was statistically significant. This finding may indicate that the use behaviour is triggered by the influence of other members of the community for a short period of time, but it does not persist to influence the continuous intention over time.     

Online journals: impact on print journal usage

PURPOSE: The research sought to determine the impact of online journals on the use of print journals and interlibrary loan (ILL). SETTING: The Library of the Health Sciences-Peoria is a regional site of the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) Library with a print journal collection of approximately 400 titles. Since 1999, UIC site licenses have given students and faculty affiliated with UIC-Peoria access to more than 4,000 online full-text journal titles through the Internet. METHODOLOGY: The Library of the Health Sciences-Peoria has conducted a journal-use study over an extended period of time. The information collected from this study was used to assess the impact of 104 online journals, added to the collection in January 1999, on the use of print journals. RESULTS: Results of the statistical analysis showed print journal usage decreased significantly since the introduction of online journals (F(1,147) = 12.10, P < 0.001). This decrease occurred regardless of whether a journal was available only in print or both online and in print. Interlibrary loan requests have also significantly decreased since the introduction of online journals (F(2,30) = 4.46, P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in use of the print collection suggests that many patrons prefer to access journals online. The negative impact the online journals have had on the use of the journal titles available only in print suggests users may be compromising quality for convenience when selecting journal articles. Possible implications for collection development are discussed.     

Examining the antecedents and outcomes of smart government usage: An integrated model

Smart government is viewed as the highest modernization stage of public agencies. Governments seek to employ disruptive technologies to substantially transform government-citizen relationships, enhance citizens’ experiences, transform public decision making, emphasize citizen engagement in the democratic decision-making process, provide more agile and resilient government structures, create substantial public value and generally improve quality of life. Despite its numerous potential advantages, smart government is still in its early phases of development. Examining issues related to the usage behavior of smart government services has received little attention. Outcomes of the usage of online technologies in general, and electronic public services in particular, have been largely overlooked. Accordingly, this study aims at developing and empirically validating an integrated model of smart government usage by extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) through the incorporation of a set of determinants and outcomes of smart government usage following an extensive review of extant literature. The data were obtained from 414 smart government clients in the United Arab Emirates through an online questionnaire and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results of this study indicated that, among all significant antecedents of smart government usage, performance expectancy has the strongest impact, whilst facilitating conditions has the weakest influence. It has been also reported that personalization has no significant effect on smart government usage. The results further revealed that the strongest impact of smart government usage is on information transparency. Implications for theory and practice are also offered.