满族民俗文化传承的现实困境探析

本文主要从满族民俗文化概述入手,在对满族民俗文化进行清晰分类的基础上,从民俗文化产生根基、民俗文化传承通路、民俗文化发展格局三方面系统阐述满族民俗文化传承所面临的现实困境,提出恢复民族生态系统、建构良性发展通路、引领打开发展格局等建议,旨在使满族民俗文化在保护的基础上得到传承及实现创造性发展的目标。     

农村节庆民俗文化的“能人”及其作用——以陕西凤翔泥塑艺人为例

在农村节庆民俗文化产业化发展过程中,一些农村民俗文化"能人"具有敏锐的市场触觉,重拾民俗文化的意识强烈,开始主动把握节庆民俗文化蕴含的商机,使得节庆民俗文化形成了独特的产业经济,并呈现出蓬勃发展的态势。     

基于AISAS模型的地方民俗文化推广App设计

由于传统的民俗文化传播主要依赖于本地人的代际传播,并未形成完善的民俗文化传播体系。因此,不少地方民俗文化随着当地人口流出,面临着失传风险。该文基于AISAS模型,设计了一款以民俗文化为立足点的App,将各地民俗故事、手工艺品、风土人情融为一体,以方言为主线,通过游戏、短视频、VR等形式让用户在休闲娱乐的同时,了解家乡故事,传播家乡民俗文化。该App借助民俗文化与现代科技的碰撞,期望为传统民俗带来新的活力和色彩,让更多的人“赏民俗,爱乡音,播民俗,乐传承”。     

大学生视角下民俗文化传承的创新探究

民俗文化是文化之根中最紧贴生活生产方式且带有仪式感的部分,其传承和保护具有重要意义。在新冠疫情到来之前,高校及大学生可以通过许多传统线下方式来进行民俗文化的传承和保护活动,然而新冠疫情的暴发与蔓延,使其传承发展更添难度。为此,文章通过对大学生视角下民俗文化传承现状进行问卷设计及调查,从调查数据入手分析了在疫情传播下民俗文化传播的现状,从认识、意识和路径3个层次进行调研分析,探索出大学生视角下传承民俗文化的创新路径,倡导大学生坚持对民俗文化的传承和保护。     

浅谈对外汉语民俗文化教学及教材

语言和文化是支架与核心的关系,第二语言的学习,不仅要学习语言结构,还要学习语言内的文化。本文拟就从对外汉语民俗文化教学、对外汉语民俗文化教材研究、对目前通行的民俗文化类对外汉语教材的评价、对民俗文化教材编写的建议四个方面展开论述。     

新媒体环境下民俗文化发展存在的问题及对策

在新媒体环境下,很多文化艺术形式都得到大力的推广和发扬,但是受到民俗文化特点的限制,很多的民俗文化没有借助新媒体的东风得到发扬,仍然处于保护困难、濒临消失的境地。基于此,本文首先分析新媒体环境下民俗文化发展存在的问题,然后就民俗文化如何依托新媒体得到继承和发扬提出切实可行的措施,以期为民俗文化的传承者和保护者提供参考。     

山西民俗文化与对外宣传研究

伴随着"一带一路"倡议的实施和"中国文化走出去"不断发展,民俗文化所体现出的民族文化身份具有重要意义。山西历来以文化资源大省而著称,山西民俗文化更是资源丰厚、门类齐全。山西民俗的对外宣传策略应在弘扬山西文化、兼顾英语习惯的基础上运用多种媒体进行宣传,从而达到世界各民族相互沟通的目的。     

“一带一路”倡议下青岛民俗文化外宣现状及对策研究

民俗文化是当地文化宝库的重要组成部分。青岛有着历史悠久、内容丰富的民俗文化,然而在“一带一路”倡议背景下,民俗文化外宣在展现城市形象、提升城市文化软实力等方面面临着新的机遇和挑战。基于此,该文采用调查法和文献分析法,分析了青岛民俗文化的概况、外宣价值及其外宣现状,探索了青岛民俗文化外宣的策略创新。研究发现,当前青岛民俗文化对外传播存在着外宣意识不够强、传播方式不够多、翻译资料不够足、翻译质量需提升等方面的问题,针对这些问题,可以从协同增强外宣意识、借助网络平台拓展传播手段、多举措培养翻译人才等方面加以改善。     

民俗文化在手游中的传播路径及创新——以《尼山萨满》为例

随着游戏产业的发展和智能设备的普及,我国的手游玩家群体也在不断扩大。游戏作为“第九艺术”,其本身的娱乐性和教育性使其成为传播传统文化的新渠道,在保护和传播传统文化上发挥了重要的作用。民俗文化作为传统文化的分支,为促进其传播,近年来市场上出现了多种与民俗文化相结合的手游,但此类手游也存在着从音画设计、内容构架、游戏体验几个方面对中国传统民俗文化传播不到位的问题。该文将通过分析民俗文化类手游的现状和发展前景,以《尼山萨满》这一以民俗文化为背景的手游为例,围绕民俗文化在手游中的发展困境以及创新路径进行探讨。     

目的论视角下广西壮族民俗文化外宣翻译策略研究

壮族的风俗文化源远流长,是中华传统文化的重要组成部分。广西壮族的民俗文化不仅丰富多彩,而且具有鲜明的地方特色。广西壮族民俗文化作为我国非物质文化遗产不可或缺的一部分,对其进行外宣翻译是在我国“讲好中国故事”背景下推动中国文化“走出去”的重要举措,对树立积极正面的中国多民族国家形象有着重要意义。然而广西壮族民俗文化外宣翻译仍存在较多问题,在一定程度上影响了对外传播的效果,也不利于广西故事“走出去”。鉴于此,该文以广西壮族为例,分析壮族民俗文化外宣文本的特征,并以目的论为指导,以传递信息、促进对外交流为最终目的,采用适合少数民族民俗文化的翻译策略进行外宣翻译,为广西壮族民俗文化外宣文本英译提供借鉴。     

Cultivation of taste and bounded rationality: Some computer simulations

One can approach the economics of the arts, as any field of applied economics, in either of two ways. First, one can treat economic theory and econometric technique as subjects settled by specialists in those fields, to be used in the ec onomics of the arts as they are given, very much as if one were studying the demand for maize. Alternatively, one can treat the economics of the arts as a field which may need and suggest its own developments in theory and technique, suitable to its spec ial problems and processes, from which general economic theory and econometric theory might in principle learn something. Perhaps this latter view is implausible, given the high state of development of economic theory and econometrics in the modern liter ature. Yet many of the advances embodied in these fields have come from particular areas of application-and the economics of maize has been a particularly fertile field.I am indebted to participants in the Seventh International Conference on Cultural Economics, Fort Worth, Texas, October 1992; to p articipants in the Seminar on the Economics of the Arts, Venice, Italy, December 1992; to participants in the conference of the Pennsylvania Economists' Association, Wiles-Barre, PA, June, 1993; to participants in the second conference on Simulating Soci eties, Siena, Italy, July 1993; to participants in the conference of the Society for the Advancement of Behavioral Economics, Rensselaerville, NY, August 1993; and to participants in the Third Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Economics and Manage ment, Portland, OR, August 1993, for useful comments on topics related to the research reported in this paper. Errors and omissions are, of course, attributable to the author.     

Identity Mobilization Practices of Refugees: The Case of Iraqis in the United States and the War in Iraq

Abstract

This study illustrates the narrative construction of diasporic refugee identities in times of sociopolitical tensions. Specifically, this paper is concerned with how Iraqi refugees living in the United States constituted their identities through narrating in times of the War in Iraq. Gergen's social constructionist approach towards narrating and current theorizing in diaspora studies build the theoretical bases for the analysis. Narratives were collected through participant observations, interviews, and group discussion in the Pacific Northwest of the United States before, during, and after combat operations in Iraq were declared to be over by President Bush. The paper answers three questions. First, which events triggered the construction of Iraqi refugee identities in the United States? Second, what is the role of narrating in constituting Iraqi identities? Third, do the Iraqi narrators construct diasporic imaginations and if so, how? The findings show that the narrative construction of being Iraqi and a refugee was a relational achievement and situated response. The respondents constructed imaginations of transnational communities that included Iraqis in Iraq, Iraqis in refugee camps, and Iraqis in the United States. By integrating their emerging political voices in the United States with their political resistor identities in Iraq, the narrators made salient transnational links between being Iraqi, a displaced person, and a member of U.S. society, disrupted political discourses about Iraqis in the United States, and affirmed moral values.     

“公园城市”理念考源

2018年2月,习近平在视察成都天府新区时提及公园城市理念,进而成为学界、业界讨论的热点。实际上这一提法在10余年前就已出现,相关思想的形成与融汇则可追溯本土古代传统、近代西方理念影响,以及建国后不同历史时期的各种理念与实践。试图从本源和源流的视角探讨公园城市理念,包括:古代"自然山水园中城,人工山水城中园"的发展;近代西方田园城市理论影响下"城市农村化,农村城市化"的倡导;大地园林化运动中"把城市建设成一个美丽的大花园"的愿景;城市大园林建设下"园在城中,城在园中"的构想;山水城市探索中人离开自然又要返回自然的思想;公园城市理念发展中"文化中孕育着自然,自然中蕴含着文化"的内涵,从而在公园即城市,城市即公园的当前认知中更完整地理解公园城市理念,并以期有助于当下建设实践的引导。     

Continuous monitoring of wooden works of art using fiber Bragg grating sensors

In recent years the control and monitoring of works of art has gained more and more importance. In particular, works partially or totally realized with wood, such as polychrome sculptures, painted panels or Crucifixes, are highly sensitive and delicate and thus need a particular attention. The wooden support is, in fact, an essential element for the stability of pictorial layers: the color lies on a preparation, which in turn, is anchored to the wood. Wrong conservation methods, i.e. in an environmental climate that is not controlled, or intrinsic mechanical stresses, can warp such structures, and the effects can be irreversible and destructive to the painted layer. The use of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors for the quasi-distributed, in situ measurement and continuous monitoring of deformations in painted wood panel is proposed. In order to demonstrate the applicability of FBG sensors to painted wood panels, a wooden support, made using the same 15th–16th century techniques, was prepared in the Opificio laboratories. A number of Bragg grating sensors were affixed in several critical points, on the back and front sides and on the strengthening cross-beams, in order to detect deformations in the panel dependent on the variations in the environmental relative humidity (RH). Measurements during the removal of the cross-beams are also reported. The results of measurements have shown the applicability of FBG sensors for the continuous in situ monitoring of valuable wooden objects and works of art.     

Business schools,the anxiety of finance,and the order of the ‘middle tier’

Financial imagination plays a fundamental, yet ambivalent role in the establishment of hierarchies within and between business schools, and in business life at large. This study examines this process in the ‘middle tier’ of business education: that is, in the social space in which students and instructors understand themselves to occupy a ‘mid-range’ position within an order of excellence and success. Largely articulated through business school rankings, this order strongly relies on the centrality of the financial curriculum, proficiency in which is understood as both a proxy for smartness and a sign of moneymaking capacity. In the ‘middle tier’, this order manifests in the form of an anxiety: an order that, though legitimate, is thought not to be attained, or hardly attainable. The study draws from ethnographic investigation in a ‘middle tier’ business school with attention to how finance is made sense of in relation to an alternative curriculum, and in connection with the aim of ‘making it to the top’. A comparison with a ‘top tier’ business school allows furthering understanding of how the order of business schools relies on the anxiety of finance in order to reproduce an acquiescence to dominant financial imagination.     

Scientism at the end of the old regime: Reflections on a theme of Professor Charles Gillispie

What is it that statesmen have generally wanted from science? They have not wanted admonitions or collaboration, much less interference, in the business of government, which is the exercise of power over persons, nor in the political maneuverings to secure and retain control over governments. From science, all the statesmen and politicians want are instrumentalities, powers but not power: weapons, techniques, information communications, and so on. As for scientists, what have they wanted of governments? They have expressly not wished to be politicized. They have wanted support, in the obvious form of funds, but also in the shape of institutionalization and in provision of authority for the legitimation of their community in its existence and in its activities, or in other words for its professional status.     

The Opposition between Two Models of Labour Market Adjustment: The Case of Audiovisual and Performing Arts Activities in France and Great Britain over a Ten Year Period

The growth of employment in audiovisual andperforming arts activities during a ten year period(1981–1992) in France and in Great Britain was theresult of a double tendency: An increasing number ofindividuals with cultural occupations working incultural industries and structural changes in thelabour market (more flexible workforce, increasingfragmentation of work opportunities). Qualitativedifferences emerged between both countries, leading totwo different forms of flexibility. Full timeemployment decreased in France, while it increased inGreat Britain with, during the same period, aconsiderable growth of self-employment.This paper explores different hypotheses forexplaining such a divergence. It concedes that thestrategies of organisations, and especially the risingnumber of adhocracies (according to Mintzberg'stypology) rather the choices of workers trying tooptimise their earnings were responsible. Publicpolicies played also a central role. In Great Britainthe Enterprise Allowance Scheme, and in France, thespecific Social Security benefit for artistscontributed to the increase in self employment in thefirst case, and in temporary employment in the othercase.     

Measuring the relative efficiency of cultural-historical museums in Tehran: DEA approach

Heritage institutions, as one of the main aspects of culture, play an important role in economic prospect of culture by promoting tourism industry. Turning to the interpretation of culture in economic terms, the goal of this paper is to adopt a practical evaluation tool in order to assess the efficiency of heritage institutions. This study evaluates the technical efficiency of a regional system of museums in Tehran, the capital of Iran, using Data Envelopment Analysis approach. The findings may prove useful for management of these institutions in economic point of view, as well as for those responsible for public resource allocation policies in the area of cultural heritage.     

天目山与阿里山缔结“姐妹山”

2月24日上午,杭州天目山下人声欢笑、雄狮腾跃、锣鼓喧天、气氛热烈。杭州天目山和台湾阿里山缔结姐妹山签约仪式在天目广场隆重举行,国台办主任王毅致电表示祝贺,浙江省、杭州市、临安市有关方面的领导和台湾嘉义市观光协会理事长许贤哲等21位来宾出席了签约仪式。     

The ‘Negotiated Space’ of University Researchers’ Pursuit of a Research Agenda

The paper introduces a concept of a ‘negotiated space’ to describe university researchers’ attempts to balance pragmatically, continually and dynamically over time, their own agency and autonomy in the selection of research topics and pursuit of scientific research to filter out the explicit steering and tacit signals of external research funding agencies and university strategies and policies. We develop this concept to explore the degree of autonomy researchers in fact have in this process and draw on semi-structured interview material with research group leaders in Finland and the UK, in the former in seven research fields, in the latter in two fields. First, the analysis reveals that topic selection is strongly filtered by the intra-scientific factors. In topic selection researchers have more leeway, a broader negotiated space than in research content, that is, in the ways in which they pursue their research, which are more affected by funding opportunities and other contextual matters. Second, the ways which affect researchers’ agency include individual- and more aggregate-level acts and factors: at the individual level, researchers resort to different strategies to create a negotiated space, but at the more aggregate level field-specific factors play a role. In fields with multiple funding opportunities, which we call ‘shopping mall’ fields, researchers can have a broader negotiated space than in fields where funding is more based on ‘lottery’. In the latter, the researchers’ negotiated space is narrow and contingent on the outcome of the funders’ decisions.