Fifteen hundred guidelines and growing: the UK database of clinical guidelines

BACKGROUND: The National Library for Health offers a comprehensive searchable database of nationally approved clinical guidelines, called the Guidelines Finder. This resource, commissioned in 2002, is managed and developed by the University of Sheffield Health Sciences Library. METHODS: The authors introduce the historical and political dimension of guidelines and the nature of guidelines as a mechanism to ensure clinical effectiveness in practice. The article then outlines the maintenance and organisation of the Guidelines Finder database itself, the criteria for selection, who publishes guidelines and guideline formats, usage of the Guidelines Finder service and finally looks at some lessons learnt from a local library offering a national service. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical guidelines are central to effective clinical practice at the national, organisational and individual level. The Guidelines Finder is one of the most visited resources within the National Library for Health and is successful in answering information needs related to specific patient care, clinical research, guideline development and education.     

医学编辑对临床实践指南的审理要点探讨

临床实践指南是医学期刊载文中数量占比不高,却十分重要和特殊的文献。医学编辑作为临床实践指南的“最后把关人”,应熟知指南的制订原则、方法步骤和审查要点,正确引导和适度参与指南的制订与修订,提高指南的刊登质量,增强我国医学指南的规范性和效力。本文通过查阅中华医学会较权威的10种期刊近期刊登的10部临床实践指南,结合相关文献查阅,梳理目前我国医学期刊发表的临床实践指南存在的主要问题,总结编辑在临床实践指南审查和处理过程中应注意的几个关键点,为医学编辑参与审理临床实践指南提供参考。     

Education for inpatients: working with nurses through the clinical information system

Librarians at the UMDNJ Cooper Library have been filling orders for patient education materials through Cooper University Hospital's Clinical Information System (CIS) since December 2000. This service was instituted in response to a JCAHO survey, which revealed that although patient education was being provided, it was not being routinely documented. Patient education orders fall into two categories: customized disease/procedure information and smoking cessation information. Nurses note the condition(s) and/or procedure(s) regarding which information is needed and indicate the education level of the material desired (basic, intermediate or advanced). Requests are received via a dedicated printer in the reference office. Librarians rely heavily upon a wide variety of Web-based consumer health resources, including proprietary resources such as MD Consult and Micromedex CareNotes. Patient Transport staff delivers two copies of all materials to nursing stations on patient care floors. One copy is for the patient to keep, while the other is attached to the patient's chart. To complete and document that patient education was provided, librarians record the order as filled in the CIS system.     

Emerging Patterns of Partnership in Collection Development

No abstract available for this article.     

Web-based PDA downloads for clinical practice guidelines and decision support tools

The extraordinary volume of health-related information made available on the Internet comes at a high cost for effectively storing and accessing clinical information resources. Additionally, the ability to use critical patient care information is limited to the availability of computer access. Physicians and other health care professionals have readily adopted personal digital assistants (PDAs), also known as handheld computers, because the devices provide succinct critical patient care information at the point of need. Clinical practice guidelines available through the Internet for use with PDAs present health professionals, who have little time, with powerful information already formatted for point-of-care devices. This paper will review several strategies for finding and accessing point-of-care clinical information.     

医学期刊编辑提升临床实践指南质量的策略

临床实践指南(简称指南)是由政府机构或学术组织撰写的指导性医疗文件,对提高医疗质量有重要的指导、推动作用,因此其制作的质量非常重要。目前我国指南制订者并不熟悉指南制订方法与报告规范;指南制订的透明性、科学性、完整性及严谨性不足;指南宣传推广不足。医学编辑在指南制订全过程中均可开展一些工作,提升指南质量。制订前普及、宣传指南制订的方法学与报告规范,选题策划时组织、邀约临床实用性高的指南。指南投稿中严格按照AGREEⅡ及RIGHT标准,逐项审查把关。制订后大力推广和宣传,促进指南在临床的实施。     

提升指南/共识报告质量 推进医学期刊高质量发展

临床实践指南(简称指南)和专家共识(简称共识)作为医疗实践的重要指导性文件,可以规范医务人员的诊疗行为,提升医疗服务质量、降低医疗成本,是医务人员进行决策的准则和依据。指南/共识的规范化报告有助于提升其学术质量、权威性和透明性,可以促进其有效传播与实施,因此提升指南/共识报告质量具有重要现实意义。本文分析了目前我国医学科技期刊指南/共识的报告现状及存在问题,并从出台相关政策、开展培训、宣传推广等方面提出相应建议与对策,以期为提升我国指南/共识报告质量提供思路,推进医学期刊高质量发展。     

Strategies in assessing the need for updating evidence-based guidelines for six clinical topics: an exploration of two search methodologies

BACKGROUND: Because of the expense of updating practice guidelines, recent attention has focused on approaches that can reliably assess any updating required. Shekelle et al. (Journal of the American Medical Association 2001, 286, 1461-7) proposed using limited literature searches with expert involvement to reduce resources used in assessing whether a guideline needs updating. OBJECTIVES: This study compared Shekelle's method and the traditional systematic review method regarding comprehensiveness and effort. METHODS: Two research teams translated critical key questions on screening test treatments and outcomes to Medical Subjects Headings (MeSH) and search strategies. They refined Shekelle's method over three iterations, seeking greater efficiency. Using both methods independently, teams assessed the need to update six topics from the 1996 Guide to Clinical Preventive Services (US Preventive Services Task Force). Outcomes included completeness of study identification, importance of missed studies and effort involved. RESULTS: The revised review approach produced fewer citations than the traditional approach and saved time, identifying fewer eligible studies than the traditional approach. None of the studies missed was rated important by the experts consulted. CONCLUSIONS: The revised review approach provides an acceptable method for judging whether a guideline requires updating. Librarians were an integral part of the research process that streamlined the searches.     

Implementing Lifelong Learning in Partnership with the Educational Sector and the Work Place

The author examines why the changes in today's working conditions require lifelong learning. She maintains that combining resources of the educational sector, the working environment and the media is needed for the implementation of lifelong learning. However, cultural and ethical barriers to lifelong learning create a real challenge for educational institutions. One can ask, therefore, whether there is competition or partnership today between educational institutions and media.     

Implementing Lifelong Learning in Partnership with the Educational Sector and the Work Place

The author examines why the changes in today's working conditions require lifelong learning. She maintains that combining resources of the educational sector, the working environment and the media is needed for the implementation of lifelong learning. However, cultural and ethical barriers to lifelong learning create a real challenge for educational institutions. One can ask, therefore, whether there is competition or partnership today between educational institutions and media.     

IT外包伙伴关系质量关键影响因素实证研究

将信任、业务理解、利益/风险共享、冲突和承诺视为伙伴关系质量构成的主要内容,运用多元线性回归实证检验IT外包伙伴关系质量影响因素。结果表明参与、沟通质量、信息共享、高层管理的支持对于伙伴关系质量具有显著的正向影响,协调、相互依赖性和文化的相似性没有显著的影响,而伙伴关系年限则具有负向影响。因此,在IT外包伙伴关系构建中应该重点提高参与度、沟通质量、信息共享以及加强高层管理对外包项目的支持。     

IT外包伙伴关系理论研究前沿探析及未来展望

通过对IT外包伙伴关系的内涵、动因、伙伴关系质量构成及影响因素、良好伙伴关系的构建及保持等方面已有研究成果的梳理,重新界定IT外包伙伴关系的内涵,归纳出IT外包伙伴关系动因特征,区分伙伴关系的质量构成及影响因素,明确IT外包伙伴关系未来研究的重点。     

产学研结合与图书馆学本科生实践能力培养

通过国内9所高校图书馆学本科专业人才培养状况的网络调查发现,国内的图书馆学本科教育在实践教学体系的建设、研究性课程及科研训练、研究机构与实验室建设等方面尚存在不足.借鉴英美图书馆学专业实践环节的设置,我国应采取产学研结合的方式来培养图书馆学本科生实践能力,建立以需求为导向的实践教学体系,与产业界和研究机构联合建设创新实践基地,实行课程体系整体优化,提供实践教学的条件与保障等.     

Partnership as a New Paradigm for Reference Librarians in African Studies

SUMMARY

This article examines the changing paradigms of reference librarianship as they relate to the study of Africa. It discusses important issues to do with the role of the reference librarian in assisting future scholarly research. Particular attention is given to how electronic resources are influencing the nature of Africana reference services and collection development. Given the problems faced in accessing information from Africa, emphasis is also placed on how partnerships between U.S. and African libraries and scholarly institutions can help improve information access in and about Africa.     

The Perilous Path to Partnership for Women Attorneys in Private Firms

No abstract available for this article.     

The Slavist in the Digital World: Creating Scholarly Resources in Partnership with Librarians at the University of Virginia

ABSTRACT. This article offers a brief discussion of two projects—the creation of a set of digital images of Russian art and an exhibit of modern Russian children's books—developed in collaborative partnership between a Slavist and librarians at the University of Virginia. Both of these projects were designed to create shareable, flexible, and sustainable resources for research and educational use. The challenges and benefits of collaborative partnerships between scholars and librarians are discussed, and models for conceptualizing the relationships are also proposed.