哈佛大学核心课程设计研究

哈佛大学核心课程是哈佛本科课程的组成部分之一,是一种通识教育课程,体现着哈佛大学一贯的教育宗旨和理想,在美国也极具典型意义。通过分析哈佛大学核心课程设计在课程目标、课程内容的选择和组织、课程实施和课程评价四方面的特征,总结其成功经验,以期为我国大学通识课程设计提供参考。     

Materialism does not pay: Materialistic students have lower motivation,engagement, and achievement

The aim of this study was to examine how materialism, or the focus on acquiring money and material possessions, is associated with students’ academic engagement and achievement via their motivational regulation (amotivation, controlled motivation, and autonomous motivation). Study 1 (n = 606 secondary students) was a cross-sectional study which found that materialism was negatively associated with engagement. This association was partially mediated by amotivation. Study 2 (n = 404 secondary students) was a longitudinal study which found that Time 1 materialism was negatively associated with Time 2 engagement and Time 3 academic achievement via amotivation. Results of the two studies provide converging lines of evidence that materialism is negatively associated with key indicators of learning. Students with high levels of materialism have lower levels of engagement and achievement, and these associations are partially mediated by amotivation. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

The search for a unified social studies curriculum: does history really repeat itself?

A bulwark of democracy is an informed electorate. Recently, disturbing evidence has been presented indicating that young Americans lack the knowledge of democratic principles and history required by our democracy. One explanation for this complex problem concerns the nature of the social studies instruction that our children are receiving. In this article, common practices in social studies instruction are described and critiqued, and an alternative, more conceptually based model of history instruction that is of potential benefit to students with learning disabilities is proposed.     

数学课程改革的核心环节 --更新数学教师的数学观

我国数学教育改革的现状、国内外数学教育的历史和数学教师数学观的独特性,都说明了研究数学教师数学观的重要性。改变数学教师的数学观是数学课程改革的必要条件。因此,数学课程改革的核心环节是更新数学教师的数学观。     

英国中学的主课和教材的多元化

从英国中学的许多世纪以来的自由设课到今日的十大法定主课的确立,是一个意义深远的重大变革.这一变革还在继续而已不可逆转.英国中学教材多元化的传统不仅至今未变,且还在发展.它既有其优越的一面,也在实践中存在着一些问题.     

Anatomy of curriculum: Digging to the core

This viewpoint commentary, written from the perspective of a teacher who has helped to educate students in a wide variety of educational environments, is a reaction to the article published in Anatomical Sciences Education on developing of core syllabuses for the anatomical sciences. After reflecting on the definitions of both curriculum and syllabus and their importance as roadmaps for effective instruction, the value of core knowledge and core syllabuses in anatomical sciences was explored. Encouragement for the pursuit of the project proposed in the original article was provided; however, the reminder to not allow any curriculum or syllabus to prevent instructional flexibility was emphasized. Several constructive questions (regarding democracy in curriculum development, the proposed rating scale, and the desirability of reaching local or national consensus before seeking global agreement) were advanced for consideration. Anat Sci Educ 7 326–328. © 2014 American Association of Anatomists.     

电子商务专业核心课程的改革与创新

在高职电子商务专业人才培养方案中,《电子商务概论》课程是开设的专业基础课程,由于该课程已不能满足高等职业教育的需要,因此我院将该课程进行了改革。改革后的《电子商务应用与运营》课程是将技术与商务融合,将传统与网络对接的实践性课程,是电子商务专业的专业核心课程,在第三学期开设,属于＂学习后入职前＂的＂教、学、做＂合一课程,引导学生真实的参与实操互联网活动,真正提高学生的实践应用能力。     

应用型本科市场营销专业核心课程群建设的探索

市场营销课程群的建设,要在营销岗位能力需求为框架构建市场营销专业课程体系的基础上,考虑课程设置的合理性与针对性以及课程内容的可理解性与关联性,把具有相关性或一定目的的不同课程编排到一起,组成一个"群",以便进行系统地学习和教授。课程群建设是一个课程融合与分解的过程,应着力于课程体系建设的本土化,考虑组织专业教学的便利性,注重课程的群落化建设。     

The link: Addressing the problems of higher education through the core curriculum

Three major national reports on the status of American Higher Education have surfaced seven distinct problems common to many colleges and universities. Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College anticipated these problems in 1981 and has undertaken to address them through the development of a sixty-hour, developmentally arranged general studies sequence entitledThe Link. The success ofThe Link illustrates that the core curriculum can be an effective medium for dealing with these problems when approached by faculty in a spirit of innovation and cooperation.     

Why some school subjects have a higher status than others: The epistemology of the traditional curriculum hierarchy

Inherent in most school curricula is some sort of curriculum hierarchy—that is, an assumption that some school subjects are more valuable than others. This paper examines the epistemological assumptions that underpin one such curriculum hierarchy, which I refer to as ‘the traditional curriculum hierarchy’. It is a pervasive and problematic idea which maintains that supposedly abstract school subjects, like mathematics and physics, are more valuable than subjects associated with concrete experience, practicality and the body, such as physical education and vocational subjects. Drawing on Dewey, an alternative, non-hierarchical theory of curriculum will be proposed. Contrary to common misinterpretations of his ideas, it is argued that Dewey did not prioritise student interests over disciplinary content. Dewey proposed a curriculum grounded in authentic social problems that required students to draw simultaneously on knowledge and methods from multiple disciplines in an interconnected manner in order to work through such problems. Current policies and initiatives, especially the Australian national curriculum and the English Baccalaureate, are discussed.     

Early literacy practices and the Finnish national core curriculum

In 2004 the Finnish National Board of Education launched a new curriculum framework that includes principles, instructional aims, and a brief list of content by subject areas. The intent of this framework is that teachers should interpret the core curriculum at the local level and apply it in their own schools and classrooms. This approach encourages teachers to use their professional knowledge and take into account their students and the learning environment in applying and implementing the curriculum. This case study sought to understand how this core curriculum has been implemented by way of observations of language and literacy lessons in 8 grade 1 and grade 2 classrooms during a 2‐month period. The observations and the analysis were guided by earlier research conducted in classroom identified as ‘excellent’ in the US. The resulting data, in turn, were compared with the core curriculum. The findings show that, although some of the principles and the content of the core curriculum were reflected in practice, there were inconsistencies between the instructional methods used in the classrooms and the principles set in the core curriculum. Although some areas of the core curriculum were well represented in classroom language and literacy practices, others were covered only in part or not at all during the observation period.     

高校德育不可忽视隐性课程的探讨

隐性德育课程建设是高校德育面临的一个崭新的重要课题。切实加强和改进大学生的思想政治教育工作,在培养当代大学生专业知识的同时,使他们具有高尚的思想品质和良好的道德修养,这样他们才会跟上时代的步伐。本文对高校德育教育隐性课程及其特点进行了论述,并通过对隐性课程在高校德育教育工作中所发挥的重要作用进行分析,提出了高校德育教育隐性课程建设的实现途径。     

数控技术应用专业核心课程设置与实践探究

一、课程设置 (一)课程设置的原则我们强调了以下原则: 一是针对性原则.从职业能力出发,不苛求学科系统性和完整性.坚持文化基础课以够用为度、专业理论课以适用为先、专业技能课以实用为准的原则.     

Harming not helping: The impact of a Canadian standardized writing assessment on curriculum and pedagogy

Test-based accountability programs are designed to promote improved standards of teaching and learning within the systems of education that they are connected to. Brenan [Brenan, A. L. (2006). Perspectives on the evolution and future of educational measurement. In: Robert (Ed.), Educational measurement (4th ed., pp. 1–16). Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers], however, suggests that little evidence exists to support the claim that these standardized assessment programs are achieving this goal. This study examines a Canadian high-stakes writing assessment's effect on the teaching of writing in three grade 12 academic English classrooms. Analysis across cases revealed that factors shaping the exam's impact on teachers’ pedagogical choices include their attitude toward the exam, the pressure they felt from their school communities and their years of experience. The study also found that the exam caused teachers to narrow their teaching of writing in relation to processes taught, assignment design, and evaluation criteria utilized. The study concludes that in the cases observed, the exam is having a negative impact on the teaching of writing.