若干鳞翅目昆虫性信息素——Z/E-9-烯脂肪醇醋酸酯的合成

本文提出了合成若干鳞翅目昆虫性信息素—Z/E-9-烯脂肪醇醋酸酯的新方法．即从易得的天然不饱和脂肪酸—10-十一碳烯酸出发,经臭氧化硼氢化钠还原合成相应的10-羟基癸酸,随后经乙酰化得10-乙酰氧基癸酸,再经溴代脱羧反应合成了关键中间体9-乙酰氧基溴代壬烷,最后经维悌希反应合成了目标物．其中,Z/E-9-烯十二碳醇醋酸脂为甘蔗黄螟和枣粘虫等昆虫的性信息素;Z/E-9-烯十四碳醇醋酸酯为茶小卷叶蛾和桔卷叶蛾等昆虫的性信息素;Z/E-9-烯十六碳醇醋酸酯为稻螟蛉的性信息素;Z/E-9-烯十三碳醇醋酸酯和Z/E-9-烯十五碳醇醋酸酯为类似物．     

2-苯基-1,3-丙二硫醇的合成

苯乙酸乙酯与金属钠反应所生成的碳负离子与碳酸二乙酯反应生成苯基丙二酸二乙酯,经四氢化铝锂还原、酸化得到2-苯基-1,3-丙二醇.通过四溴化碳/三苯基膦、硫代乙酸钾的羟基官能团转化反应,合成2-苯基-1,3-二溴丙烷和2-苯基-1,3-丙二硫醇乙酸酯,最后用肼还原硫醇乙酸酯,合成了目标产物2-苯基-1,3-丙二硫醇.所有中间产物和目标产物经核磁共振氢谱或红处光谱表征.     

利用α-氨基烷基膦酸酯合成高生物活性化合物

按照文献合成α-氨基膦酸配体N-(正丙基)氨基-(2′-羟基苯基)甲基膦酸单乙酯(L1),利用L1与氧化钐在130℃下回流反应3h合成配合物,用红外光谱表征配合物.水杨醛和β-溴代乙胺schiff碱与亚磷酸二乙酯的加成反应,合成了新的α-氨基膦酸配体N-(β-溴代乙基)氨基-(2′-羟基苯基)甲基膦酸单乙酯,其结构经红外光谱、1H-NMR核磁共振进行表征.     

5α-还原酶特异抑制剂非那甾胺的合成

以3β-羟基孕甾-5-烯-20-酮-3-醋酸酯为起始原料,经溴仿、酯化、氧化、还原、胺化等反应,得中间产物N-叔丁基-3-羰基-4-氮杂-5-雄甾-17β-甲酰胺,再经碘代反应和脱碘反应脱去1、2位氢合成非那甾胺.     

溴乙基香豆素衍生物的合成研究

4-羟基香豆素衍生物是一类重要的合成中间体，研究4-羟基香豆素及其同系物的合成具有重要意义。首先以邻羟基苯乙酮为反应原料，与碳酸二乙酯反应得到4-羟基香豆素中间体，从反应温度、碳酸二乙酯的用量以及碱的种类和用量等4个方面对最佳反应条件进行了探索。然后，该中间体与1,2-二溴乙烷进行反应制得4-(2-溴乙氧基)香豆素及其衍生物，亦从溶剂、反应温度与碱催化剂种类和用量等4个方面对最佳反应条件进行了探索。在最佳反应条件下，4-羟基香豆素及其衍生物的收率在64%～83%之间，4-(2-溴乙氧基)香豆素及其衍生物的收率在83%～94%之间。并对合成的4-羟基香豆素及其衍生物和4-(2-溴乙氧基)香豆素及其衍生物结构进行了表征。     

3,7-二甲基-2-十三碳醇乙酸酯的合成——松叶蜂Diprion pini性信息素活性组分

对松叶蜂 diprion pini性信息素活性组分 3,7-二甲基 -2 -十三碳醇乙酸酯的全合成进行了研究 .以丙二酸二乙酯和 2 ,3-环氧丁烷为原料 ,分别合成了两个重要结构单元—— 2 -甲基 -1-辛烷基锂和 3,4-二甲基 -γ-丁内酯 .2 -甲基 -1-辛烷基锂与 3,4-二甲基 -γ-丁内酯反应 ,得到的酮醇再经黄鸣龙还原 ,得到 3,7-二甲基 -2 -十三碳醇 ,经酯化 ,得到 3,7-二甲基 -2 -十三碳醇乙酸酯     

含偶氮苯-喹啉结构酰胺类化合物的合成与表征

以间苯二甲酸为原料,硝化、酯化及还原得到5-氨基间苯二甲酸乙酯,再与8-羟基喹啉反应生成偶氮化合物,利用溴代十六烷取代得到烷基化合物,最后与己二胺发生取代反应合成了5-[8-(十六烷氧基)喹啉偶氮]-1,3-苯二甲酰二己二胺,利用IR、UV-vis和1H NMR对中间体及目标产物结构进行表征.     

2-乙酰氧基-5-(4-磺酸基-偶氮苯)-苯甲酸的合成

利用重氮化和偶合反应研究了乙酰水杨酸和对氨基苯磺酸的重氮盐反应生成了2-乙酰氧基-5-(4-磺酸基-偶氮苯)-苯甲酸的合成过程.并利用分光光度法对产物进行分析.     

4-乙酰氧基苯甲酸的绿色合成

研究了以乙酸酐和4-羟基苯甲酸(PHB)为原料,以氨基磺酸为催化剂合成4-乙酰氧基苯甲酸(PABA)的绿色合成方法,考察了影响合成反应的诸多因素.最佳合成条件是4-羟基苯甲酸和乙酸酐的摩尔比为1.0∶2.0,催化剂氨基磺酸用量为4-羟基苯甲酸质量的5％,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为60min;4-乙酰氧基苯甲酸的收率为92.2％.该方法操作简单,原料价廉易得,后处理方便,且产率高,反应条件温和,无环境污染,对工业生产及实验教学有积极的指导意义.     

5-(2-溴乙烯基)-4-硫代尿苷合成工艺的改进

4-硫尿苷类似物可作为一种抗肿瘤药物使用,在硫代尿苷5-位引入溴乙烯基可以改变核苷的电子云分布,并与嘧啶环形成共轭,使其最大吸收波长发生红移。设计了新的5-(2-溴乙烯基)-4-硫代尿苷合成路线,在碘代中用硝酸铈铵代替稀硝酸,同时在硫代过程中用劳森试剂代替五硫化二磷,具有反应条件温和、反应时间缩短、产率提高、易于分离的优点并且对产物进行表征。     

试论唐代诗歌中的西域歌舞艺术

唐代中原与西域多有交流,西域的多种艺术形式在唐代文学作品中有充分展示,二者互动并走向繁荣。论文梳理唐代相关文献,考察西域歌舞艺术在唐文学中的表达形式,分析原因,从而总结该时期文学与艺术发达的原因。稳定的社会环境、积极开放的政策与创作心态促成了该时期艺术的繁荣,而文学有了新的表达内容,艺术也在文学中得以传播。     

Preferences towards sex education and information from an ethnically diverse sample of young people

This paper reports sex education preferences from an ethnically diverse sample of 3007 15–18 year olds. Findings are presented on preferred topics, where and from whom young people would like to receive this information. Preferences were centred around learning more about sexual behaviour and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in particular, and receiving this at school from someone ‘professional’ and of similar age. Females showed a greater preference towards learning about emotions, relationships and contraception, and to having this delivered by someone of the same sex. Of the four main ethnic groups, Black and Asian students generally reported more sex education preferences than White British or White Other students. Black students wanted to learn more about biological issues and cultural issues alongside sexual behaviour and STIs. Black male students reported a greater than average preference towards family‐based information, and interest towards someone of the same ethnic background delivering sex education was also expressed. Asian students reported stronger preferences for more information about STIs and contraception, and wished to keep sex education out of the family household. Implications for sex and relationships education and working with professionals and parents are outlined.     

亚裔美国文学的定义和嬗变

20世纪60年代以来，美国社会移民结构的变化以及全球范围经济化的变革，使亚裔美国学不断重新协商其定义内涵，不断嬗变其创作方向。这种流变性挑战了同质化的单一界定，扩大了亚裔美国学乃至美国学的视野。     

2010年广州亚运会对广州市旅游基础设施的影响研究

作为亚洲规模最大、覆盖面最广的体育赛事,亚运会对主办城市广州的影响是巨大的。文章就2010年亚运会对广州城市旅游基础设施改造进行统计分析。论述了2010年亚运会对广州城市基础及其配套设施的影响,其基本表现为:城市基础建设投资超常规增长,城市市政建设超常规发展,城市设施水平的提高与公共交通的快速发展;同时与亚运会相关的餐饮、娱乐、购物及景区等旅游设施的建设水平也得到巨大的提高。由于广州实施的是以交通为重点的基础设施建设,因此文章重点论述了亚运会对旅游交通设施建设的影响。其研究结论对赛事活动主办城市的发展具有一定的借鉴意义。     

从《皇清职贡图》看东南亚国家的服饰文化特征

《皇清职贡图》卷一记载有东南亚各国概况,其中体现东南亚国家服饰文化特征,主要从衣饰、头饰、足饰分析南亚各国服饰文化习俗及其成因。衣饰,喜穿短衣、长裙,喜爱束腰、披肩;头饰,妇人束发椎髻,男子喜缠头巾;足饰,跣足和著履。     

The training of science teachers in the peoples Republic of China

Students from Asian societies have generally done well in the sciences in Western universities. Many factors have been invoked to explain their success. This paper is a study of one possible factor—the training of teachers for schools, specifically as investigated from first-hand observation by the author from Northwest Normal University in Lanzhou, China, and its affiliated primary and secondary schools.     

对日本自由贸易政策的评析

长期以来日本坚持参与关贸总协定和世界贸易组织的多边谈判,却不愿意参与地区优惠协定。但近年来日本开始改变政策,致力于与东亚国家建立自由贸易区。这一变化的原因主要在于国际上有被边缘化的压力,以及国内经济改革的期望,东亚政治战略考虑以及美国政策变化等。日本参与东亚自由贸易区的道路将极其困难,主要的阻力将来自于日本国内以及与东亚国家政治关系的困扰。     

中亚非传统安全问题与跨国合作

苏联时期,非传统安全问题在中亚地区已经存在。各国独立后,由于种种原因,这些问题进一步严重化。本文主要分析了中亚地区非传统安全问题的产生,特点及解决非传统安全问题上中亚国家所进行的跨国安全合作。近年来中亚非传统安全问题的滋长势头有所减缓,不过距完全解决还任重道远,所以中亚国家还需进一步加强国际合作力度。     

The Career Aspirations of South Asian Girls in Glasgow

South Asian girls have been perceived either having limited career aspirations or as being over ambitious, and the reasons for both have been found in a ‘cultural conflict’ explanation. Previous research, e.g. Sharif (1985) and Hussain & Samarasinghe (1987), in which such girls have been asked about their aspirations, show that they are realistic about their abilities. In the study described below the career aspirations of South Asian girls in Glasgow are compared with those of their white peers. There are no significant differences. However, it was found that white girls expected South Asian girls to marry and not have a career. Both groups of girls expected parental influence over career decisions, although there is a difference in the degree of influence expected. A discussion of constraints on their aspirations follows.     

Asian medical students: quality of life and motivation to learn

Issues linked with the notions of quality of life (QOL) and motivation to learn among Asian medical students have not been well documented. This is true in both the international and the New Zealand contexts. Our paper addresses this lack of research by focusing on the QOL of international and domestic Asian students studying in New Zealand, where Asian students form a significant proportion of tertiary students. Although there is evidence to suggest that Asian students do well academically, it was felt that an investigation into their QOL would be instructive as QOL will likely have an impact on cognition, behavior, general well-being, and motivation. The present study surveyed fourth- and fifth-year medical students to examine the relationship between QOL and motivation to learn and to consider how Asian medical students compare against European medical and non-medical student peers. The study utilized the World Health Organization—Quality of Life questionnaire (BREF version) and a shortened version of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire. The results show that the Asian medical students in this study generated significantly lower scores in terms of their satisfaction with social relationships compared with their non-Asian peers. In addition, international Asian medical students appear to be more at risk than domestic Asian students with respect to test anxiety. The paper considers the findings and the implications for quality of life, motivation to learn, medical education, and the Asian student community.