The zine anthology as archive: archival genres and practices

Jessie Lymn is a PhD Candidate at University of Technology Sydney (UTS) and a casual academic in the Information Studies programs at both UTS and Charles Sturt University. Her doctoral research focuses on the archival practices of subcultural communities and how this furthers temporal and spatial understandings of archives.

Building on Eichhorn’s concept of ‘archival genres’, this article considers the recent spate of zine anthologies published in Australia and the United States as examples of these genres. It proposes that the anthologies are archives of content, form and practice, given that they commonly reproduce entire zines as visual material, not just text, and are produced by members of zine communities. This article argues that the anthologies’ narratives, presentation and distribution preserve ideologies of zine culture and that archival genres create spaces for the preservation of practices.     

Reclaiming history: Arthur Schomburg

Focusing on the inter-war period, this article examines the context of the publication of Sir Hilary Jenkinson’s Manual of Archive Administration alongside the less well-known contemporary publication of Arthur Schomburg’s ‘The Negro Digs up his Past’. By placing these publications together, this article raises questions about the production and reproduction of the professional canon, as well as highlighting Schomburg’s contribution to key archival questions on the nature of collecting. This work discusses Schomburg’s articulation of the purpose of archival collecting which offers a radically different conception of the value and use of archives, one that focuses on the concepts of recovery and transformation. This article also places Schomburg within the wider emergence of the Pan-African movement and situates his work within the developing Pan-African ideologies and the networks in which he operated, and argues that Schomburg’s legacy can be found in the development of Black-led archives in London.     

大数据时代档案数据质量控制:现状、机制与优化路径

档案数据是大数据时代经济社会发展的重要信息资源,进行档案数据质量控制研究有助于促进档案治理能力现代化的提升。通过调查分析可知,档案数据存有政策法规缺失、数量巨大结构复杂、数据实践处于起步阶段等现状。基于现状特征构建了档案数据质量控制机制:数据监督管控机制、技术保障机制、质量评估机制,并提出增强档案数据质量控制顶层设计,筑造档案数据质量技术保护屏障,构建档案数据质量评估方法体系等优化路径。     

档案记忆观视野下的社群档案开发利用策略研究

档案记忆观对社群档案的开发利用具有理论指导和方法创新的意义。通过从视角、主体、内容、手段四个方面分析档案记忆观对社群档案开发利用的影响,提出档案记忆观视野下社群档案开发利用应在理念层面采用多元理念创新开发利用方式,在视角层面运用多维视角把握开发利用内容的侧重点,在模式层面建立档案馆与社群、公众和其他文化遗产机构之间的多方主体合作开发模式。     

The ADA approach: retro-archiving data in an academic environment

This article concentrates on the retro-archiving of older digital research data. The ADA approach was developed and used to retro-archive older data files, most of which were between 10 and 30 years old. The origin and main characteristics of the ADA approach are described in the second section of the article. The third section discusses two recent data-archiving pilot projects that were conducted in the Netherlands. The first of these projects, the ADA project, laid the foundation for the ADA approach, which was subsequently applied and tested again in the second project, eDNA, which focused on archaeological data. The final section of the article provides a comparison of the results of these two projects.

小数据思维驱动下我国综合档案馆档案信息资源精准化服务路径探析

档案资源精准化服务是提高档案资源利用率、为用户提供个性化服务的重要途径。本文梳理了小数据的概念,厘清小数据和大数据的区别和联系,并且基于小数据思维分析档案用户小数据的价值优势和小数据应用于我国档案信息资源精准化服务的可行性,从数据收集、数据存储、数据分析、数据利用,建立评估、反馈机制,监督问责、数据共享等角度构建我国档案信息资源精准化服务路径,以期为我国档案信息资源精准化服务提供参考。     

档案行业面临的十项挑战

21世纪开始之际，档案行业面临着严峻的挑战。本判断和分析了档案工作所面临的十项最为迫在眉睫的挑战，其中包括：电子献的管理；将更多的资源投入到非字资料方面；对于件的全球性的认识：为档案录和利用提出新的方法；档案利用和馆藏发展重点的扩大；对档案馆的信息管理进行更多的研究；美国档案工作协会的发展；档案事业各方资源的丰富；以及使档案行业不负众望地承担社会利益的保障的角色。     

Principles for archival information services in the public domain

In 2010, in response to the Australian Government’s November 2009 apology to Forgotten Australians and former child migrants, a scoping study was undertaken by the Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs (FaHCSIA) to assess the options for a national ‘Find and Connect’ service to allow people to locate and access relevant records and have recourse to support services. The scoping study noted that Pathways, a web-based public knowledge space and a product of the Victorian ‘Who Am I?’ research project, was a community-based information resource without equal in the out-of-home care sector in Australia or indeed internationally. The scoping team made the observation that Pathways, due to its quality of content and coherent structure, appeared to be based on a set of principles and wondered what they were. In response the research team set about articulating the principles that underpinned their approach to archival documentation and the use of digital technologies – principles that had emerged through more than two decades of public domain, archive-focussed projects. This paper presents those ten principles and discusses them within the context of Pathways and the ‘Who Am I?’ project. The principles played a key role in FaCHSIA adopting Pathways as the model for the national Find and Connect database and web resource, launched on 15 November 2011. The principles underpin community knowledge building in the fourth or pluralised dimension of the Records Continuum. The paper ultimately argues that all stakeholders (all people and organisations connected with records) should have the ability to contribute to the utilisation of those records through the improvement of documentation and that some archival systems do have a duty of care to ensure they can inter-operate with community-generated knowledge.     

An educative intervention: assisting in the self-assessment of archival practice in 12 community service organisations

There is a need for systemic improvement in the management of care records in Australia. This has been highlighted by government inquiries, media coverage and research literature relating to the significance of records for those who experience out-of-home care. The Who Am I? project – an interdisciplinary collaboration between historians, social workers and archivists – sought to address this concern and support positive change in 12 participating community service organisations (CSOs) in Victoria. To provide a framework for practice improvement, research archivists on the Who Am I? team designed the Self-Assessment Tool for Archives. Based on an action research methodology and influenced by the Records Continuum, this was an ‘educative intervention’ for the CSOs, as well as the participating archivists.     

档案数字资源云备份策略的分析与研究

国家档案局提出建设数字档案馆,旨在运用现代信息技术对档案数字资源进行采集、加工、存储、管理,并通过各种网络平台提供公共档案信息管理和共享服务。本文分析了当前在档案与档案数字资源备份时遇到问题,提出了异质备份和多套多地的档案备份策略;建立了基于云存储技术的档案数字资源云备份策略,并给出了相应的云备份系统架构及其运行机制,以确保档案数字资源永久存储、安全保管及应用。     

Dang An: A Brief History of the Chinese Imperial Archives and Its Administration

ABSTRACT

Archives are preserved records of human activities. An account of Chinese archival development is as long as the written records of the Chinese history. Oracle bones, bronze ware, and wood and bamboo strips are the three most important recording forms of the early Chinese civilization, as they represented three major stages of archival development in China. Early Chinese archival documents were exclusively administrative records of the state. The basic guiding principles of archival organization throughout ancient China were the essential, imperial orders of the feudal society. This article presents a brief account of the Chinese imperial archives and its administration from the beginning of the Chinese civilization to the end of the Qing Dynasty, the last empire in the Chinese history.     

Introducing an archival collecting model for the records created by South African Portuguese community organisations

This article is based on a study which aimed at broadening archival representation by investigating how to bring the contemporary history of the South African Portuguese community into the country’s archival heritage. To achieve this aim, the study sought to develop an archival collecting model for the records generated by Portuguese community-based organisations, since these materials are deemed an important source for preserving the social history, memories and experiences of an under-documented group, such as the Portuguese in South Africa. National and international sources were analysed and reviewed, and an empirical investigation to examine the Portuguese community organisations was conducted, in order to gain an understanding of the most effective strategies for collecting, managing and preserving these records. This article therefore proposes an archival collecting model for the records generated by South African Portuguese community-based organisations which demonstrates the processes, resources and other factors that are necessary to establish and sustain an archival collecting initiative for the Portuguese community in South Africa. It is hoped that, in addition to benefitting the Portuguese community, the model will also benefit other underdocumented communities in South Africa interested in preserving their histories and experiences.     

回归与开拓:我国档案馆职能的建构展望

档案馆正处于面向国家治理体系与治理能力现代化的建构中,其职能正处于变革中的重构阶段。因而,本文提出档案馆应匹配国家建设的档案需求而明晰以公共文化事业单位为主线的职能界定。由此,基于我国社会转型的多重情境,档案馆职能将面向三层维度递进深化:全面守护国家信息资产的机构改革示范者、深度开发信息资源产品的文化产业引领者、协同构建信息空间的全球治理共建者。     

Introduction: archiving research data

This article is a general introduction into the special issue of Archival Science on “archiving research data”. It summarizes the different contributions and gives an overview of the main issues in this special field of archiving. One of the leading questions is how and why research data archives differ from public record offices. In the past, the developments in these two worlds have been rather separate. There are however signs that they are converging in the digital world. In particular, this can be seen in the areas of metadata and Internet dissemination as these are strongly influenced by the rapid changes in information technology. These changes have also led to important new developments in the infrastructure of research data to which special attention is paid. New concepts such as collaboratories, data curation, Open Access and the Open Archives Initiative are discussed.

档案与文化认同的价值实现:公民、社群、国家的视角

在全球化挑战及现代性冲击背景下,文化认同危机日益凸显。档案是人类文化遗产的重要组成部分,是建构集体记忆的重要资源;其具有的证据价值、文化价值、记忆价值、情感价值,使之成为形塑文化认同的重要来源和依托载体。采用描述性研究方法从公民、社群、国家三个维度剖析档案作用于文化认同的功用,进一步探讨档案文化认同价值的具体体现,既是对档案价值丰富内涵与价值意蕴的深化拓展,也为档案部门基于文化认同视角开展公共服务提供理论参考。     

ICPSR meets OAIS: applying the OAIS reference model to the social science archive context

This paper reviews the archival process at the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), a repository of digital social science data, and maps ICPSR’s Ingest and Access operations to the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) Reference Model. The paper also assesses ICPSR’s conformance with the archival responsibilities of “trusted” OAIS repositories, with the proviso that audit criteria for archival certification are still under development. The ICPSR to OAIS mapping exercise has benefits for the larger social science archiving community because it provides an interpretation of the reference model in the quantitative social science environment and points to preservation-related issues that may be salient for other social science archives. Building on the archives’ long tradition of shared norms and cooperation, we may ultimately be able to design a federated system of trusted social science repositories that provides access to the global heritage.

The long-term preservation of identifiable personal data: a comparative archival perspective on privacy regulatory models in the European Union,Australia, Canada and the United States

This article analyses the extent to which archival exemptions for historical, scientific and statistical research in privacy legislation support preservation in selected European Union countries, and comparable aspects of Australian, American and Canadian law within a legal, ethical and digital archival perspective. The authors recommend that the further processing of personal data under data protection law be given a wider scope of interpretation for archival preservation purposes in both the public and private sector, coupled with the use of researcher and archival codes in relation to access to personal data. They also recommend early appraisal and integration of privacy with freedom of information and archival regimes.

论后现代社会档案和档案工作的价值

本文点出了档案工作从社会和研究机构得不到承认和没有相应影响力的原因,指出档案工作者的影响力来源于工作的价值内涵,并对其进行分析后指出,确认档案和档案工作的具体价值内涵将清晰地界定我们的职业和直接提升档案工作的价值,增加档案工作的影响力.     

2022年中国档案学研究现状、特点及发展趋势——基于对《档案学研究》《档案学通讯》的发文统计

本文结合文献计量分析法和文献研读法,对2022年《档案学研究》和《档案学通讯》所刊发的207篇学术论文进行研究力量布局与研究主题分布分析,并与2021年分析结果相比较,发现高等院校仍是档案学研究的主体力量,来自业界的研究力量有所增强。2022年中国档案学研究依旧关注“档案学基础理论”“档案治理”“档案与数字人文”“电子文件”“中国古文书学”等主题,但也涌现了“红色档案”和“档案学科建设与发展”等新主题;研究特点上呈现显著的本土化和跨学科性,但在关注“人”的需求、跨学科的双向互动以及研究深度上仍有待加强。未来中国档案学研究仍需立足中国档案工作的实际和需求,对从西方移植的理论进行本土化、中国化的过滤和处理,对中国传统的档案思想进行创新性转化和发展,同时,基于档案工作、档案事业发展的新实践和新需求,提出新的思想和理论。