论接受性学习和研究性学习中师生观的比较

不同学习方式有不同的师生观，文章对接受性学习和研究性学习中的师生观进行了分析比较，指出在接受性学习中教师是传知者、主导者、控制者，学生是学习的被动者，他们之间的关系是不平等的；在研究性学习中教师是启思者、指导者、参与者、研究者，学生是学习的主动者，他们之间的关系是民主、平等、和谐的关系．     

中学实施研究性学习初探

教育学和心理学理论的发展引起了教育变革,适应这种变革我国中学教育应引入研究性学习。中学实施研究性学习,应从学校和教师两个层面加以考虑,同时,要注意开展研究性学习的几个问题。     

浅谈研究性学习的评价观

研究性学习模式的引入,为我们当前的教学改革注入了新的活力。但要把这种模式真正运用好、贯彻下去,我们仍感任重道远。而建立恰当、完善的评价体系,正是发现不足、促进发展的重要途径。1.评价的主体:学生由评价的客体转变为评价的主体。传统教学是以“教”为中心,教师处于主导地位,在教学过程中通常只是由教师来对学生作出评价,教师是评价的主体,学生只能处于评价客体的地位,没有发表评论的权力。而研究性学习是以学生的“学”为中心,学生是活动的主体,具有学习的自主性。学生自己选择学习内容,确定学习方法,实施学习计划。教师只是学习活…     

研究性学习下教师教学观的更新

研究性学习是当前基础教育改革的重要部分,其含义及创新性、过程性等特征对教师教学观带来了一定的影响,使教师逐渐转变了教师中心、教材中心、课堂中心以及评价上重结果、轻过程的旧观念,促进了教师教学观的更新,有利于学生的健全发展。     

研究性学习——建构主义学习观的成功实践

学生知识的获得、能力的提高、行为习惯的养成，乃主体性的发展，归根结底是学生学习的结果。实施以创新精神和实践能力为重点的素质教育，重要的着眼点是改变学生的学习方式，即改变原有的单纯接受式的学习方式，在开展有效的接受学习的同时，倡导建构性学习，注重学生的经验和学习兴趣，形成一种主动参与、探究发现、交流合作的学习方式。     

全面认识研究性学习

研究性学习是体现主体教育思想、促进素质发展的一种有效的学习、教学方式,也可以看作是一种观念。 美国认知心理学家奥苏贝尔认为,学习有两种方式:一是接受性学习,一是发现式(属于研究性)学习。加涅把学习分为三类:概念学习、规则学习和问题解决学习,前两类属于积累知识为主的接受性学     

研究性学习的前提性反思

旁观者知识观使“接受学习”成为可能 ,也使历来的教学在强调学生的“主动性”时只是落实为“主动接受”。参与者知识观始于对“先在本质”的拒绝。“先在本质”不被信任之后 ,“对话”、“互动”取而代之。参与者知识观为“研究性学习”作为一种普遍的学习方式提供了可能     

"研究性学习"法在EXCEL电子表格教学中的应用

旨在探索实践计算机教学方法,通过“研究性学习法”在EXCEL电子表格中的应用,培养学生使用计算机分析数据,处理信息的综合能力。     

试论职技高师大学生就业观念的更新

分配制度的改革及高校的连年扩招,致使高校毕业生的就业形势日趋严峻。在新的形势下,高校毕业生必须转变思想,树立适应时代要求的新型就业观念,才能以良好的心态正视人才市场的激烈竞争,掌握择业、就业的主动权。     

Software scaffolds to promote regulation during scientific inquiry learning

This research addresses issues in the design of online scaffolds for regulation within inquiry learning environments. The learning environment in this study included a physics simulation, data analysis tools, and a model editor for students to create runnable models. A regulative support tool called the Process Coordinator (PC) was designed to assist students in planning, monitoring, and evaluating their investigative efforts within this environment. In an empirical evaluation, 20 dyads received a “full” version of the PC with regulative assistance; dyads in the control group (n = 15) worked with an “empty” PC which contained minimal structures for regulative support. Results showed that both the frequency and duration of regulative tool use differed in favor of the PC+ dyads, who also wrote better lab reports. PC− dyads viewed the content helpfiles more often and produced better domain models. Implications of these differential effects are discussed and suggestions for future research are advanced.     

Comparing two types of model progression in an inquiry learning environment with modelling facilities

The educational advantages of inquiry learning environments that incorporate modelling facilities are often challenged by students’ poor inquiry skills. This study examined two types of model progression as means to compensate for these skill deficiencies. Model order progression (MOP), the predicted optimal variant, gradually increases the specificity of the relations between variables, whereas model elaboration progression (MEP) gradually expands the number of variables in the task. The study utilized a between-subject design with three conditions: a MOP condition (n = 28), a MEP condition (n = 26), and a control condition without model progression (n = 30). Consistent with expectations, model progression enhanced students’ task performance; a comparison among the two model progression conditions confirmed the predicted superiority of the MOP condition. These results are discussed in relation to the inconsistent findings from prior research. Based on this discussion ways to optimize model order progression are advanced.     

Making inquiry-based science learning visible: the influence of CVS and cognitive skills on content knowledge learning in guided inquiry

ABSTRACT

Many science curricula and standards emphasise that students should learn both scientific knowledge and the skills associated with the construction of this knowledge. One way to achieve this goal is to use inquiry-learning activities that embed the use of science process skills. We investigated the influence of scientific reasoning skills (i.e. conceptual and procedural knowledge of the control-of-variables strategy) on students’ conceptual learning gains in physics during an inquiry-learning activity. Eighth graders (n?=?189) answered research questions about variables that influence the force of electromagnets and the brightness of light bulbs by designing, running, and interpreting experiments. We measured knowledge of electricity and electromagnets, scientific reasoning skills, and cognitive skills (analogical reasoning and reading ability). Using structural equation modelling we found no direct effects of cognitive skills on students’ content knowledge learning gains; however, there were direct effects of scientific reasoning skills on content knowledge learning gains. Our results show that cognitive skills are not sufficient; students require specific scientific reasoning skills to learn science content from inquiry activities. Furthermore, our findings illustrate that what students learn during guided inquiry activities becomes visible when we examine both the skills used during inquiry learning and the process of knowledge construction. The implications of these findings for science teaching and research are discussed.     

The effectiveness of learning analytics for identifying at-risk students in higher education

Abstract

In this article we investigate the effectiveness of learning analytics for identifying at-risk students in higher education institutions using data output from an in-situ learning analytics platform. Amongst other things, the platform generates ‘no-engagement’ alerts if students have not engaged with any of the data sources measured for 14 consecutive days. We tested the relationship between these alerts and student outcomes for two cohorts of first-year undergraduate students. We also compared the efficiency of using these alerts to identify students at risk of poorer outcomes with the efficiency of using demographic data, using widening participation status as a case study example. The no-engagement alerts were found to be more efficient at spotting students not progressing and not attaining than demographic data. In order to investigate the efficacy of learning analytics for addressing differential student outcomes for disadvantaged groups, the team also analysed the likelihood of students with widening participation status generating alerts compared with their non-widening participation counterparts. The odds of students with widening participation status generating an alert were on average 43% higher, demonstrating the potential of such a system to preferentially target support at disadvantaged groups without needing to target directly based on immutable factors such as their socio-economic background.     

对大学生进行公民道德教育新思路

面对当前的新形势,如何努力提高大学生的思想道德素质,真正把《公民道德建设实施纲要》落到实处,需要一个新思路。     

初中生理科课程学习动机与学习策略的调查研究

采用问卷调查形式,研究了初中生学习理科课程的学习动机与学习策略的发展情况.经过标准比数据处理,结果发现初中生在理科课程学习中内、外动机是相互促进的,二者对学习策略的影响都很显著.学习理科课程时监控策略运用最多,而精加工策略运用水平不高,这可能与传统的教学方式有关.