社交媒体环境中的用户信息再现行为过程及影响因素研究

[目的/意义]社交媒体中的信息网络复杂性与信息生命周期交错致使用户会频繁采取信息再现行为对已浏览或已利用过的信息进行再次搜索。然而已有信息再现行为研究并未对社交媒体平台中的再现过程进行系统讨论。[方法/过程]文章采用深度访谈、关键事件法收集数据,通过扎根理论分析数据,探索了社交媒体用户信息再现行为的过程及影响因素,并构建了社交媒体用户信息再现行为综合模型。[结果/结论]研究发现,用户在社交媒体上的信息再现行为由动机、重新查找和结果三个阶段构成。行为同时受到用户、信息、平台、环境多方面因素的影响。社交媒体上的信息再现行为与传统的信息再现行为有着明显的区别,社交媒体平台应该改进相应的功能设置来提升用户的信息再现行为效率。[创新/价值]该研究构建了一个理论模型,以识别社交媒体中的信息再现过程及影响因素。不仅为理解社交媒体环境中信息再现的全过程提供理论阐释,同时为社交媒体的信息关联设置、用户再搜索功能等相关设计做出参考建议。     

基于扎根理论的社交媒体用户信息规避动机研究——以微信为例

[目的/意义]探索社交媒体用户信息规避行为的动机。[方法/过程]对23位微信用户进行半结构化访谈,运用扎根理论方法对访谈数据先后进行开放式编码、主轴编码和选择性编码,从中提炼出31个初始概念、13个范畴和4个主范畴,揭示出社交媒体用户的信息规避动机及其与信息规避策略间的关系。[结果/结论]社交媒体用户的信息规避动机包括认知性动机(减轻认知负荷、保持认知聚焦、避免认知失调、避免额外支出)、情绪性动机(避免消极情绪、保持积极心境、避免情绪恶化)和社会性动机(逃避社会支持、回避社会交互、避免社会比较、遵守社会规范)。上述动机既能各自独立驱动社交媒体用户采取忽略信息策略或屏蔽信源策略来规避某些信息,也能彼此联合起来共同驱动社交媒体用户的信息规避行为。[创新/局限]文章的创新点在于利用扎根理论方法系统揭示微信用户的信息规避动机,深化对社交媒体用户信息规避行为的认识;不足在于样本局限于微信青年用户群体,方法上属于探索性研究。     

社交网络环境下大学生信息回避行为影响因素探究

[目的/意义]探究社交网络环境下大学生信息回避行为影响因素,既能为社会深入理解社交网络环境下大学生信息回避行为提供一定理论支持,也能为社交平台优化用户信息回避行为提供一定的参考和借鉴。[方法/过程]通过半结构化深度访谈收集30位在校大学生社交网络中信息回避行为的相关数据,借助NVivo11软件对原始数据进行编码与分析,归纳出影响社交网络环境下大学生信息回避行为的10个基本范畴并聚焦为3个主范畴,在此基础上建构社交网络环境下大学生信息回避行为理论模型。[结果/结论]研究发现,认知因素是社交网络环境下大学生健康信息回避行为的直接影响因素和内部驱动因素,信息因素与社会因素是间接影响因素和外部情境因素。其中,认知因素是社交网络环境下大学生信息回避行为最重要的影响因素。     

研究生学术性数字囤积行为的影响因素及后果——基于扎根理论的探索性研究

[目的/意义]本研究旨在探索研究生的学术性数字囤积行为的影响因素及其后果。[方法/过程]对20位研究生进行半结构化访谈,运用扎根理论方法对访谈数据进行编码分析,从中提炼出44个概念、16个范畴和8个主范畴,从而系统揭示出研究生学术性数字囤积行为的主要影响因素及其后果。[结果/结论]研究生学术性数字囤积行为的主要影响因素包括研究生个人因素(个体差异因素和心理动机因素)、学术性数字资源因素(学术性数字资源的质量特征因素、数量特征因素和获取特征因素)和环境/情境因素(技术环境因素、社会环境因素和任务情境因素);研究生学术性数字囤积行为的主要后果包括心理性影响(认知性影响、情绪性影响)、行为性影响(影响个人学术信息管理行为和科研任务完成)、经济性影响(购买存储设备和网络存储空间服务的花费)和社会性影响(树立良好社会形象和增进人际关系)。     

社交媒体倦怠:含义、前因及后果

[目的/意义]把握国内外关于社交媒体倦怠的研究现状和发现可能的研究机会。[方法/过程]从社交媒体倦怠的含义、前因和后果三方面对相关文献予以系统分析。[结果/结论]社交媒体倦怠主要从情感体验、行为表现和两者的综合3个视角来定义;社交媒体倦怠的前因主要包括社交媒体相关因素（系统特征因素、信息特征因素）和用户相关因素（心理性因素、行为性因素和社会性因素）;社交媒体倦怠的后果主要表现为影响用户的心理（不满意等）和行为（社交媒体不持续使用/转移行为、消极使用行为等）。     

角色演变视角下辟谣信息对社交媒体意见领袖形成的影响——基于舆论领导法则

[目的/意义]探究辟谣信息对社交媒体用户的影响,特别是对意见领袖形成现象机制的挖掘。构建社交媒体用户角色演变行为模型,研究人员可以更好地了解意见领袖的形成原因,刻画辟谣信息对社交媒体用户的作用机制,有助于对参与辟谣的“准意见领袖”进行合理引导,以提高社交媒体舆情管理的效率和准确性。[方法/过程]首先,对微博社交媒体平台中的特定主题事件进行跟踪,识别并筛选出“新生意见领袖”群体,并利用质性访谈对此群体进行深度访谈。然后,基于程序化扎根理论方法,利用NVivo 12软件进行扎根编码构建模型,并通过理论饱和度检验验证模型的完整性。最后,对社交媒体用户角色演变的原因进行深入分析和探讨。[结果/结论]在辟谣信息作用下,个体主观因素、社会环境因素和辟谣信息因素对一般用户向新生意见领袖的演变行为产生重要影响,其中个体主观因素在辟谣信息的作用下对意见领袖形成的影响更加显著,自我认知清晰、高情绪需求且情绪稳定的个体更容易成为影响力持久的意见领袖;社会公众认可、实质性奖励和政策法律支持共同构成社会环境因素,是意见领袖形成的重要保障;辟谣信息因素中的辟谣信息热度、可信度和发布质量等方面都会直接影响“潜在意见...     

社交媒体环境下智能推荐内容点赞行为影响机理研究

[目的/意义]具体探讨社交媒体环境下智能推荐内容点赞行为的影响因素，分析其影响机制及影响路径，为未来研究实践提供参考。[方法/过程]运用扎根理论，采用NVivo对访谈资料进行三级编码，梳理并分析范畴间关系，构建社交媒体环境下智能推荐内容点赞行为影响机理理论模型。[结果/结论]平台声誉、智能推荐信息质量、智能推荐服务质量、智能推荐系统质量及用户需求、用户感知通过用户满意度间接影响点赞意向，用户感知、游戏化运营、社会影响、从众行为直接影响点赞意向，点赞意向直接影响点赞行为。最后从社交媒体治理、运营、使用角度提出建议，并对未来研究进行展望。     

社交媒体用户健康信息传播行为的影响机制研究——基于风险认知与问题解决情境理论

[目的/意义] 探索社交媒体用户健康信息传播行为的影响因素,剖析其认知-动机-传播行为之间的关系,对于理解用户的健康传播行为,提供优质的健康信息服务具有重要意义。[方法/过程] 基于风险认知与问题解决情境理论,构建社交媒体用户的健康信息传播的影响机理模型,通过问卷调查和结构方程进行实证。[结果/结论] 结果表明,风险认知、问题认知和涉入认知通过情境动机正向影响信息传播行为;同时,社交媒体用户的文化程度影响其健康问题认知。     

在线社会支持视角下移动社交媒体倦怠行为实证研究

[目的/意义]旨在为学术研究者和社交媒体运营商提供理论与实践指导。[方法/过程]结合在线社会支持理论和SSO理论,构建移动社交媒体平台影响用户倦怠行为分析框架模型框架,通过在线调查问卷,利用SPSS和AMOS对获取的398份微信用户的有效数据进行分析和验证。[结果/结论]隐私关注、自我披露均会对移动社交媒体倦怠产生正向显著影响作用,进而显著影响其不持续使用行为形成;在线社会支持(在线信息支持和在线情感支持)可以显著缓冲移动社交媒体倦怠的负面结果。     

强关系社交媒体用户消极使用行为形成机理的概念模型——基于使能和抑能的双重视角的扎根分析

[目的/意义]探究强关系社交媒体用户消极使用行为的形成机理及各变量的交互作用模式，为强关系社交媒体开发商及运营商在改进服务品质、优化使用体验和提高用户黏性等方面提供具有积极意义的意见和建议。[方法/过程]基于使能和抑能的双重分析视角，以强关系社交网络的典型应用微信朋友圈为实证研究对象，通过对经验用户进行深度访谈获取文本数据，并采用扎根理论的开放式编码、主轴编码、选择性编码等3个步骤提取概念、范畴来构建概念模型，并进行理论饱和度检验。[结果/结论]信息过载、社交过载、系统不满意度等情境因素和感知隐私风险、心理疲劳、使用沉溺等认知因素促进了用户的消极使用行为。网络外部性、群体规范、附加功能价值、转换障碍等情境因素和信息需求、功能需求、情感需求等认知因素抑制了用户的消极使用行为。用户在使能因素和抑能因素的双重力量的作用下产生取消提示、屏蔽、节制使用、潜水、间断使用等不同程度的消极使用行为。此外，人口学特征、人格特征、关系特征和使用特征等个体因素对使能因素和抑能因素与用户的消极使用行为之间的强度关系起调节作用。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence