The reception of relativity in China

Having introduced the theory of relativity from Japan, the Chinese quickly and enthusiastically embraced it during the May Fourth Movement, virtually without controversy. This unique passion for and openness to relativity, which helped advance the study of theoretical physics in China in the 1930s, was gradually replaced by imported Soviet criticism after 1949. During the Cultural Revolution, radical Chinese ideologues sponsored organized campaigns against Einstein and relativity, inflicting serious damage on Chinese science and scientific education. China's economic reforms in the late 1970s empowered scientists and presented them with the opportunity to rehabilitate Einstein and call for social democracy. Einstein has since become the symbol in China of the unity of science and democracy, the two eminent objectives of the May Fourth Movement that remain to be achieved in full. Using the reception of relativity as a case study, the essay also discusses issues involving the historical study of modern Chinese science.     

The relativity revolution from the perspective of historical epistemology

This essay analyzes Einstein's relativity revolution as part of a long-term development of knowledge in which the knowledge system of classical physics was reorganized in a process of reflection, described here as a "Copernican process." This process led in 1905 to the introduction of fundamentally new concepts of space, time, matter, and radiation. On the basis of an extensive historical reconstruction, the heuristics of Einstein's creation of the general theory of relativity, completing the relativity revolution, is interpreted as a further transformation of the knowledge of classical physics, starting from conceiving gravitation as a borderline problem between field theory and mechanics. The essay thus provides an answer to the puzzle of how Einstein was able to create a theory capable of accounting for a wide range of phenomena that were discovered only much later.     

The numerical solution of physical problems modeled as a systems of differential-algebraic equations (DAEs)

In this paper, the numerical solution of differential-algebraic equations is considered by Padé approximation method. We applied this method to an example which is a physical model problem. Firstly the physical model problem has been converted to power series, then the numerical solution of physical model problem was put into Padé series form. Thus we obtained numerical solution of physical model problem.     

相对论在俄国和苏联

相对论在俄国和苏联的传 播和发展经历了三个时期。第一 时期(十月革命以前):俄罗斯学 者在立足于本民族科学传统基础 上理解并宣传狭义相对论。第二 时期(1920—1930年代):苏联学     

学会事业与地质事业共进

河南省的地质调查史可上溯至19世纪中叶。中国地质学会成立前后，地质界先辈们在河南省留下了拓荒的足迹。建国初，新中国第一代地质工作在党和中国地质学会指引下建立了卓功勋，河南省地质学会的成立开启了河南地质事业新的一页。改革开放促进了学会事业与地质事业蓬勃发     

互惠性偏好、知识转移与知识转化的相关性研究

知识转移和知识转化是企业知识活动中两种主要的知识管理形式,有效地提高了企业的知识转化效率;知识转移和知识转化存在着高度的相关性;随着行为经济学的深入发展.互惠性企业文化建设日益得到重视和加强;互惠性企业文化有效地促进了企业的知识转移,从而有效地促进了企业的知识转化;经验性的研究揭示了互惠性企业环境下互惠性管理策略的微观传导机理,从而为我国企业加强知识转移、进而提高知识转化的效率提供了现实性的理论借鉴.     

新世纪遏止城市癌症上升趋势预防策略

健康和长寿是人类生存和发展的永恒主题.随着城市经济的发展,卫生条件的改善和市民生活水平的不断提高,与环境、行为和生活方式密切相关的慢性非传染性疾病--癌症已成为肆虐人类健康的主要恶疾.尽管现代肿瘤基础医学、预防和治疗学取得了很大的、甚至是突破性的进展,但迄今癌症仍未能被有效遏止.因此,为了进一步促进我国城市经济和社会可持续发展,营造和倡导一个现代健康和社会生存环境,适时调整新世纪癌症预防策略,实现WHO"21世纪人人享有卫生保健"的具体目标,让每个市民在其整个一生获得并保持"最佳健康"标准具有十分重要的意义.     

产业积聚、持续创新与区域经济增长内在关联性分析

分析了产业集聚、持续创新和经济增长三者间的内在关系。认为产业集聚促进持续创新,持续创新推动区域经济增长,区域经济增长呼唤产业集聚。并由此得到启示,产业集聚和持续创新是解决开发园区“二次创业”、推动中小企业发展以及缓解资源供给稀缺性现状的有效路径选择。