无为而治：大学治理应有之准则

进入大众化阶段的我国高教,目前正处在一个问题诸多,饱受质疑的时期,这与政府主管部门的过度管理、大学内功利性管理等不当方式有很大关系,应借鉴“无为而治”的道家思想精髓进行大学治理。作为政府和社会,应积极履行宏观调控、社会管理和公共服务职能,简政放权,进一步扩大学校办学自主权。作为大学内部,应依据大学组织特性,建立健全现代大学制度,充分强化教师和基层办学单位在教学、科研等方面的主体性,构建大学自治、自主发展机制。     

独立学院"独立"之辨

独立学院从早期的“二级学院”演变而来,要坚持“优、独、民”的发展方针,只能在发展过程中逐步走向规范。拥有独立的办学权和法人财产,是独立学院独立的根基,这里涉及到独立学院与公办高校和投资者的关系。只有在独立学院渡过了办学资金的“瓶颈”制约期并获得学士学位授予权,民办高等教育的立法比较完备,公办大学的退出机制趋于成熟时,独立学院才能真正独立办学。     

私立学校办学体制的几个相关问题

私立学校办学体制的改革，实质上是对学校社会关系的一种调整。包括学校与政府的关系，学校与社会的关系，学校内部管理职责权益关系，以及校长与教师、学校与学生关系等等。     

Rural Communities Lacking Multi-Sector Schooling Options: Indiana’s School Choice Deserts

ABSTRACT

Despite Indiana’s school choice landscape – including private school vouchers, tax-credit scholarships, inter-district and intra-district enrollment, magnet schools, and charter schools – not all Indiana communities have reasonable access to options outside of their traditional public schools. This research explores what lack-of-reasonable access differences – defined as greater than a 30-minute one-way drive time to a choice school – exist by locale, with a focus on rural communities. Geospatial analysis is used to identify “school choice deserts” lacking multi-sector schooling options in various communities. These deserts tend to exist wholly or mostly in rural areas, although Indiana students in grades K–8 exhibit greater access levels to non-traditional schools than those in high school.     

The Centros Concertados in Spain, Parental Demand and Implications for Equity

In Spain, the exercise of choice by parents of a suitable school for their children is not practised by all families in the same way. The evidence shows that an increasing social polarisation and a substantial disequilibrium in schooling are taking place in compulsory education. There is a high concentration of immigrant students in public schools in contrast with what happened in the centros concertados (private schools with public funding). This situation is especially unbalanced in some Autonomous Communities, such as the Community of Madrid, Catalonia, Valencia and Andalusia. The inequalities in the distribution of students in the network of public schools and private schools financed by public funds are producing significant responses from parents, teachers, experts, and also from other social groups. Some of the proposals made by different experts and by the Spanish Ministry of Education are analysed in order to reach to a quality education in more equitable conditions for all students.     

The village school context and principalship in Hong Kong: what do they contribute to leadership studies?

To enhance the cost effectiveness of primary schools, the government of Hong Kong imposed a regulation for operating primary one classes up to a minimum enrolment rate in 2003. This policy has forced a number of village schools to cease operation. During 2005–2006, 36 of them were involved in this enforcement, accounting for two-thirds of the total number of such schools, causing a possible extinction of them. This paper is part of a research project with the purpose of tracing the history and development of village schools in Hong Kong since the 1930s and 1940s. Adapting Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, capital and field, this paper examined the village school context of Hong Kong from a socio-historical perspective and examined how the context was related to leadership characteristics of village school principals. Related issues were also discussed. It is hoped that the study has suggested a direction for understanding principal leadership within different school contexts.     

Investigating instructional leadership in Kuwait's educational reform context: school leaders’ perspectives

This study explores the practices of Kuwaiti school principals acting as instructional leaders during education reforms, using qualitative content analysis of standardised open-ended interviews with 28 randomly selected school principals. The results showed that principals faced obstacles related to the deeply-ingrained centralised structure in the Ministry of Education, whose mandates conflicted with the stated goal of building principals’ capacity. There were variations in instructional leadership dimensions, including defining the school’s mission, managing the instructional programme, and creating a positive climate for teaching and learning. A gradual, planned decentralisation is recommended to improve educational leadership practices in Kuwait.     

我国教师合理流动的制度性障碍探析

为了促进教师在公办学校和民办学校之间的合理流动,2002年我国颁布了《中华人民共和国民办教育促进法》,明确规定了民办学校教师与公办学校教师在法律地位和业务培训、职务聘任等方面依法享有同等权利。但目前来看,教师流动呈现出向公办学校＂一边倒＂现象,教师的合理流动受制于诸多制度性障碍。     

台湾地区乡村治理中的平权特点及其启示

中国台湾地区的乡村自治经历多次变革,形成治理成本低而收益高的平权式治理模式。它具有村级公共权力分配的合理性、乡镇权力的延伸性、村民权利的现实性等特点。这对当下中国大陆地区村民自治的改革中的公共权力分配、乡镇与村组织的衔接、法律法规的完善和民间组织的发展等具有一定启示意义。     

教育家办学背景下的校长领导力刍议

教育家办学是时所必然,学校校长具有成为教育家的最有利条件。在教育家办学的时代背景下。校长只有不断加强自身领导力的建设与提升,才能顺应时代要求,真正成长为教育家,进而更好地实现教育家办学。校长应拥有教育家的情怀,要通过培养自己的学校愿景规划能力、课程和教学领导力、引领和激发教师活力的能力、统筹学校发展的能力、社会协调及学校经营能力、人格魅力和道德感召力,努力使自己成为教育家型的校长。     

Why mission matters more for (some) charter principals

Reflecting post-bureaucratic organisation theory, education reformers intended charter schools to empower school-level leaders, most typically principals, with autonomy to pursue clear, student-centred missions. Yet little research explores whether charter school principals have more power than traditional public school counterparts. We summarise the limited literature addressing the issue. Second, we present findings from interviews with nine charter leaders from six US states who have experience in leading both charter and traditional public schools, a unique data set. Both prior research and our findings suggest that generally, leaders feel more likely to be held accountable for results in charter schools than in traditional public schools. Furthermore, without oversight from school boards and central office administrators, charter leaders report having more power over budget and personnel, and more ability to collaborate with teachers. At the same time, standalone charter leaders report needing business support and training, while those from charter management organizations feel free to focus on academic success.     

Leadership coaching: a multiple-case study of urban public charter school principals’ experiences

The purpose of our multi-case study was to understand the experiences of non-novice New York City and Washington, DC public charter school principals who had participated in leadership coaching as a component of their leadership development. Eight New York City and Washington DC public charter school principal cases were selected through purposeful sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, documents, and artifacts, which were analyzed, coded and grouped into three broader themes: the coaching process, the impact of coaching, and principal leader identity construction. The findings supported the following conclusions: (a) Participants’ experiences of coaching were inconsistent with the coaching literature; (b) The impact of coaching was shaped by perceived competencies of the coach and the structure of the coaching session; and (c) Participants’ leader identity construction was supported through the process of coaching.     

Everton/feeder schools’ reading and language project. An exercise in co‐operation

Following concern about the language problems experienced by many children in Everton, a working party was set up to investigate the situation. This consisted of the Language Co‐ordinators from five local primary schools along with English and Special Needs staff from the secondary school, chaired by the Head of the District Reading and Language Service. After three successful years the working party has achieved a high level of co‐operation. For example, a joint Resource Room has been established at the secondary school, containing over £5000 worth of materials; we are now using a ‘Transfer Pack’ consisting of a common test, an agreed information pro forma and examples of the children's work. These projects are looked on as only the start; many others are in the pipeline.