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1.
Teachers’ personal self-efficacy about their ability to motivate students and encourage learning has been shown to affect
the classroom they create and student achievement. Therefore, research has been conducted on ways to increase teacher efficacy
for in-service and pre-service teachers. One area of research that has been explored is the impact of field experiences on
pre-service teachers. This review explores the research on field experiences and tutoring as well as the role these different
experiences may play in pre-service teacher efficacy and knowledge of teaching reading. Overall, researchers have found that
field experiences have varying effects on efficacy; however, researchers have found that tutoring field experiences in particular
have been found to have a positive impact on pre-service teachers’ abilities to teach a particular content (e.g., reading)
to the individual student and to put theory into practice. On the whole, this literature review suggests that we currently
lack research exploring the possible benefits of simultaneously impacting efficacy and reading knowledge in pre-service teachers
through tutoring. 相似文献
2.
研究者个人身份的反省在质的研究中具有重要意义。研究者个人身份的探讨,其本质就是对于研究者体性特征、研究者个人冲突、研究者与研究对象保持的研究关系的现实审视,这也是反思研究者个人身份的三个基本维度。研究者个人身份构建的现实策略是：研究者体性印象的管理;研究者＂前见＂中介作用的发挥;研究者＂附加身份＂的退场;研究者情感的在场。 相似文献
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基于高校教师身份认同出现危机这一问题,探讨了教师身份认同存在的问题,审视了导致这一问题的原因,进而为教师对自己的身份认同,从宏观、中观、微观三个层面提出了提高高校教师对自己身份认同的建议. 相似文献
4.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the differential impact of two field experiences, tutoring and observing, on preservice teachers’ reading self-efficacy and content knowledge. Participants completed an adapted, reading version of The Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES). Results showed that both groups reported growth in reading self-efficacy and content knowledge; however, there was only a marginally significant difference between reading self-efficacy motivation scores. Mean score differences showed that the observers changed more in their reading efficacy than the tutors; however, a greater number of tutors found the field experience to be worth maintaining in future courses. 相似文献
5.
Research on teachers’ professional identity integrates many constructs that are treated independently in most cases. This study described the associations between components of teacher professional identity and their association with teachers’ general pedagogical beliefs. Secondary teachers (n = 236) completed a survey about several components of their identity (self-efficacy beliefs, motivation to become a teacher, affective commitment and perceived type of expertise) and general pedagogical beliefs (constructivist and direct transmission). Multidimensional scaling revealed that the components could be mapped on two dimensions: form of motivation and degree of subject specificity. The resulting map revealed four meaningful groups of components. Furthermore, whereas direct transmission general pedagogical beliefs were found to be strongly tied to an identity grounded in the subject taught, constructivist beliefs were independent of identity components. This study provides new insight into the structure of teacher professional identity and its relevance for teaching. 相似文献
6.
Remedios Z. Miciano 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2006,7(1):76-84
To pilot a peer literacy program, a pretest-posttest study was conducted involving seventy (70) students from Arellano High School as tutees and 12 De La Salle University-Manila College of Education students as reading tutors. Though the results suggest the lack of impact of the Program on the Reading Grades of the tutees, the tutors’ journals reveal that the tutors benefited more from the program. The problems in using the National Service Training Program or NSTP as the vehicle in piloting the program were identified and based on this, the study suggests ways to improve the content and delivery of future NSTP Peer Literacy Programs. 相似文献
7.
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to investigate how three Chinese teachers developed their teacher identities in a reform context. Drawing upon data from a larger social historical study, the work-life narratives of the three teachers at different stages of their careers were used as case studies to showcase three types of teacher identity development trajectories, namely, learning to be both professional educator and subject teaching expert,learning to be subject teaching expert, and navigating to balance between educator and subject teacher. This study also investigated the factors that influence identity development trajectories of teachers and develops a conceptual framework for understanding teacher identity development in China. The framework shows that Chinese teachers’ exertion of their individual agency is embedded in the institutional context. Meanwhile, interpersonal relationships can work as a buffer to alleviate the tension between the institution and individual teachers. The study also shows the ways in which Chinese teachers’ exert their agency when developing their identities. The findings have significant implications for teacher education in terms of how to develop positive teacher identity over the course of a teacher’s career. 相似文献
8.
智能导学系统（ITS）是借助人工智能技术,让计算机扮演专家指导者向不同特征学习者传授知识、提供学习指导的适应性学习支持系统。它有着不同于传统导学系统的基本结构与运行机制,学生模型建构与适应性指导是其两大核心特征。学生模型建构过程是ITS导学过程中通过追踪学生学习过程逐步形成特定学生知识学习模型。按照建构方式不同,常见的学生模型有四种,分别是期望与错误概念调整适应的学生模型、贝叶斯网络的学生模型、学习追踪的学生模型以及基于限制的学生模型,它们采用不同的学习行为指标。有效的人机互动不仅要以学生模型为基础,教学模型、课程脚本数据库还需要储存丰富的言语指导行为策略。ITS人机互动教育心理学研究,以及教育技术学、计算机科学领域的探索性设计研究进展启示：我国要推动ITS发展应联合不同领域研究者在已有基础上进行跨学科研究与设计;多研究专家教师的言语指导行为,形成科学系统的互动结构、脚本与策略;重视情感对学生学习的影响,建构集认知与情感为一体的学生模型。 相似文献
9.
Helen Avery 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2017,21(4):404-415
In Sweden, tutoring in the mother tongue is a special support measure primarily intended for newly arrived students to facilitate their transition into the Swedish school system. Tutoring is premised on the collaboration between the class teacher, responsible for subject-related expertise, and the tutor, who contributes with knowledge of the student’s mother tongue and previous context of studies. In this case study of class teachers’ and mother tongue tutors’ conditions for collaboration at a multi-ethnic primary school, six mother tongue tutors and six class teachers were asked about the purpose of their work, how it was organised, and what could be done to improve working conditions. Interviews with head teachers, and data on work organisation from observations, document study, and participation in meetings for a period of one and a half years supplemented the teacher interviews. The analysis focuses on whether tutors and teachers belong to the same or different Communities of Practice, based on shared concerns and opportunities for collaboration, as well as looking at the relative positioning of languages and teaching roles. Findings suggest that the degree of collaboration between tutors and teachers was not sufficient to allow tutoring to function in the way it is envisaged by national steering documents. Tutoring was instead based on the tutors’ own knowledge of the subjects they taught. Recruitment of suitable tutors was difficult. However, conditions for collaboration and more effective tutoring in the schools could be improved with relatively simple support structures at the level of the municipality. 相似文献
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韦岚 《四川职业技术学院学报》2009,19(3):27-29
理性选择理论在社会学、公共行政和公共管理等领域产生了丰富的理论成果,其对个人行为选择的分析着重运用系统方法进行研究,以达到解释行为发生原因,预测行为前景的效果.这在个人确立身份并建构身份认同的过程中发挥了重要的指导作用,通过引导个人在差异申确定身份,从语言、文化、记忆等层面完成身份建构,避免个人因在身份认同上与群体的偏离而产生发展的滞后性,在思想上和行动上实现个人的身份认同,彰显人生的价值与意义. 相似文献
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Mirka Koro-Ljungberg 《Teachers and Teaching》2013,19(6):764-782
System-based and collaborative teacher inquiry has unexplored potential that can impact educational policy in numerous ways. This impact can be increased when teacher inquiry builds momentum from classrooms and teaching practices and simultaneously addresses district, state, and national discourses and networks. In this conceptual paper, I encourage scholars and practitioners to consider ways to methodologically, theoretically, and collectively strengthen teacher research and inquiry to increase its impact on policy. I propose a methodological framework for policy-oriented teacher inquiry that highlights multilayered research approaches and collaborative inquiry. I situate my arguments and the proposed framework in the context of qualitative research and Marx’s dialectic method. 相似文献
14.
张九洲 《浙江教育学院学报》2004,(4):20-25
对生活世界中的教师的理解，需要从具体的生活情境中寻找其之所以成为“教师”的关联性，对其行为和意义建构可获得解释性的认识。由此在做整体的探究和剖析的基础上解读造成其行为和意义的情境和性质，并要从“形象、惯例、原则和个人哲学、比喻”的维度来理解教师。 相似文献
15.
Carrie R. Giboney Wall 《Teacher Development》2016,20(3):364-379
Preservice teachers enter programs with beliefs about teaching and learning, constructed from prior schooling experiences. This longitudinal study examines preservice teachers’ K–12 memories, their initial educational beliefs, and the changes in those beliefs over their teacher education program. Analysis of questionnaires, interviews, work samples, and observations from six preservice teachers collected over a two-year period revealed that they initially believed that students were similar to themselves, that teaching was simple and autonomous, that students perform uniformly within grade levels, and that teaching ensures learning. At program’s end, however, they believed that students differ from one another and from themselves, that teaching is complex, that classroom freedom has limits, that differentiation is essential, and that teaching does not ensure learning. The data suggested a common progression from initial idealism, to cognitive dissonance, to a search for an authentic teaching persona, and finally, to confidence in their new role as teacher. 相似文献
16.
Arne Carlsen 《Teachers and Teaching》2013,19(3):239-255
This paper starts from the observation that particularly rewarding parts of a set of research interviews were all accompanied by laughter. The interviews in question inquired into organizational practice as sites for individual and collective ‘becoming’, conceived as a set of ongoing authoring acts situated in everyday work. The research interview should be considered amongst those events where such authoring takes place. Interviews constitute events of understanding within the hermeneutics of becoming. Based on two exemplifying strips of dialogues from my interviews, I identify and discuss three kinds of laughter. ‘Positioning laughter’ has the function of affirming authoring acts, welcoming elaboration and creating a general atmosphere of trust. ‘Resonating laughter’ addresses a form of pattern recognition that I suggest amounts to the tuning‐in to an unutterable ‘we’. The function of resonating laughter is that it marks and celebrates this emerging understanding and plants the seeds of a prolonged interpretive effort. ‘Liberating laughter’ addresses and potentially releases from constraints in the event of understanding: whether that be in patterns of the interview as a social event, in prior understanding or in investments into self‐conceptions. The overall function of laughter is that it may enhance implicit interpretation and maintain an open dialectic in understanding; both qualities of particular relevance in becoming interviews. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Research & Method in Education》2013,36(4):355-371
This article describes how a methodological memo (MM) was used in a research and development project designed to reform initial teacher education (ITE). A MM was used to explore what often remains an opaque part of the research process – the relationships between theory and practice that underpin many research studies. Yet, without detailed accounts of the research process, it is difficult to understand this relationship. In this case, a memo was used to record the methodological and analytical dilemmas that were encountered in a study of the theoretical and pedagogic processes involved in developing a new ITE course so that primary and secondary teachers are better prepared to respond to increasing diversity in schools. This article addresses how developing and sharing transparency in the research process can help clarify contested concepts associated with a research project and provides the foundation for rich theoretical debate. 相似文献
19.
教师个体发展固然需要一定数量的时间消耗,但是更重要的是质性时间的投入。质性时间是个体生命质量的综合表征,它具有历史性、个体性和阶段性。关键事件、关键人物和关键时期构成了质性时间的基本内容。并因此决定了每个发展时刻所具有的不可替代的意义。增强质性时间意识、不断进行反思、自主把握发展节奏应该成为教师个体发展的重要策略。 相似文献