Faculty Development in Chinese Universities—An Analysis of the “2014 Faculty Survey in China”

Abstract

The “2014 Chinese University Faculty Survey” found that: University faculty in China are young, recent recipients of their academic degrees, and have a high level of inbreeding within academia; there is a high percentage of doctoral degree holders; a large proportion are from villages and towns, and have parents with low-level education and employment; overall they feel high levels of work pressure as well as job satisfaction. They work on average 45?hours a week and are paid nearly RMB 110,000 yuan per year. One third of them live in “policy apartments,” one third have no overseas experience, and one fifth would not choose the academic profession again if they had the chance. They would prefer a teaching to research ratio of 2:8, but their actual work ratio for teaching, research, and service is 4:4.5:1.5. Three conclusions may be drawn from the results of the survey: the academic profession is highly equitable, but would benefit from people from more diverse backgrounds joining; there is a high threshold for entering the profession but opportunities for advancement need to be improved; it is a highly specialized profession that places a high demand on academic excellence.     

Do Returnee Faculty Promote the Internationalization of Higher Education? A Study Based on the “2014 Faculty Survey in China”

Abstract

Based on data from the “2014 Chinese University Faculty Survey,” this article analyzes the distribution characteristics and manifestations of internationalization from returnee faculty to Chinese colleges as well as their impacts on the internationalization of higher education in the three dimensions of scientific research output, teaching content and methods, and international exchanges. Compared to local teachers, returnee faculty members adjust their research output strategies to reach a higher level of internationalization. They favor publishing papers in international journals and publish fewer domestic papers and make fewer domestic patent applications. They focus on international perspectives and content in their course teaching content and methods. In terms of international exchanges, they participate in international academic conferences and travel abroad more often for advanced studies. Their experiences studying overseas accumulate their comparative advantage in the internationalization of the academic profession. Higher education institutions should make them play larger roles in promoting the internationalization of scientific research and teaching as well as international academic exchanges to improve the level of internationalization of Chinese higher education.     

How Does Literature Affect Empathy in Students?

Scholars have suggested that reading literature can foster empathy. However, learning empathy through literature in the classroom is understudied. The primary objective of this study was to assess whether affective and cognitive empathy, as demonstrated in student writing, relates to textual attributes, the style of writing prompt, student writing ability, and whether it changes over time. Students in a college literature classroom were asked to assess texts according to a series of attributes related to engagement and textual difficulty, followed by a series of analytical and creative writing prompts. These responses were scored on a comparative scale according to metrics of empathy and compared with textual attributes, strength of writing, and time using a general linear model. Textual difficulty was identified as the greatest predictor of empathy (inverse relationship) followed by assignment grade (positive relationship). These results indicate that textual attributes, strength of writing ability, and style of writing response play a central role in explaining empathetic responses in students. The furthest-reaching implications of this study may, however, rest in the findings that empathy didn't change over the short time period and that textual accessibility may trump all other aspects in facilitating empathetic responses.     

Does the Bennett Hypothesis Hold in Professional Education? An Empirical Analysis

Research in Higher Education - Policymakers have been debating the Bennett Hypothesis—whether colleges increase tuition after the federal government increases access to student...     

Professional Career Opportunities for Rural College Students—An Empirical Analysis Based on the Chinese General Social Survey

Abstract

Rural college students are an important, integral part of the current urban labor force. This article uses a group comparison perspective to study the professional career opportunities and their impacting factors of rural college students and other related groups. Analysis of 2010 Chinese General Social Survey data shows the following: (1) college students who transfer from agricultural to nonagricultural status and urban college students have the same opportunities to enter party and government organs and state-owned enterprises, have the same opportunities to obtain elite professional status, and have about the same economic incomes; (2) even if they have received college degrees, if they have not achieved the transition from agricultural to nonagricultural status, rural household registration status will decrease the professional career opportunities of rural college students, and their work unit status, professional status, and income levels will be lower than those of urban college students; (3) in non–college student groups, transitioning from agricultural to nonagricultural status will also increase the aforementioned professional career opportunities for the urban labor force with rural backgrounds. The article presents views on six social groups in the current urban labor force, and through empirical analysis lays out the nature and extent of the impact of household registration status and higher education on professional career opportunities.     

An Analysis of Lexical Cohesion in “How Empathy Unfolds”

This thesis aims to analyze the lexical cohesion in the text "How Empathy Unfolds" in the new standard college English textbook. This paper focuses on four kinds of lexical cohesive devices: repetition, synonymy, hyponymy and collocation. It is expected that these analyses can help readers gain a better and deeper comprehension of the structure and content of the text.     

Study Abroad as Self-Development: An Analysis of International Students’ Experience in China and France

This article explores the real life experience of international students’ and the importance of study abroad for their personal and professional development. The empirical data drawn upon for this article came from the author’s master’s research, with field research conducted in the 2010/2011 academic year. It begins with the study focus and research objectives and reviews the relevant theoretical literature and the methodology adopted in the research. In the third section, data from interviews with 16 international students in Capital University (pseudonym, China) and Romance University (pseudonym, France) are analyzed following in chronological order the experiences of their sojourn in their host country. The final section of the article sums up the results of the research and points out the complexity of the question of international student mobility and different perspectives that can be adopted in seeking to understand and interpret this phenomenon.     

An Analysis on the Awakening of Feminism Ideology in the Literary Work“Tess”

“Tess”(the abbreviation of Tess of the D’Urbervilles) is one of the representative works written by Thomas Hardy, a fa?mous English writer, novelist and poet. It is a novel that records the transition ...     

Analysis on How does the Culture Conflicts Influence Business Negotiation and Foreign Investment in China

Culture is a distinguishing feature of a nation. Usually we divide culture into eastern and western categories. As the representative of eastern and western culture, China and America have a lot of incongruities in terms of cultural values which have deep influences on international business negotiation. This thesis aims to analyze the main cultural differences of the target countries on five processes of cross-cultural business negotiation. After a general view of these theories Ⅰ suggest some negotiating strategies and tactics to solve Sino-US cultural conflict appearing on the negotiating table. And with a real business invest case happened between US company of Intel and Dalian of China.     

How many deaf people are there in the United States? Estimates from the Survey of Income and Program Participation

The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) is one of a few national surveys that regularly collects data identifying the American population of persons with hearing loss or deafness. Estimates from the SIPP indicate that fewer than 1 in 20 Americans are currently deaf or hard of hearing. In round numbers, nearly 10,000,000 persons are hard of hearing and close to 1,000,000 are functionally deaf. More than half of all persons with hearing loss or deafness are 65 years or older and less than 4% are under 18 years of age. However, these findings are limited to those who report difficulty hearing "normal conversation" and do not include the larger population of persons with hearing loss for which only hearing outside the range and circumstances of normal conversation is affected. Policy makers, communications technology manufacturers, health and education service providers, researchers, and advocacy organizations have an interest in these results.     

Research on ESL/EFL Teachers＇ Beliefs in China and Abroad： An Overview

Teachers＇ beliefs greatly influence the way that the teachers function in the classroom. Teacher as an important medium for student＇ language learning, the study of teachers and their beliefs in Western countries and in China is a worthwhile topic. This paper offers a selective review and rethinking about what has been done and being done in relation to the understanding of teacher＇s belief, and their belief about language teaching and learning, students learning, themselves as both teachers and individuals; identify some sources of teachers＇ belief and address the needs for change. Understanding teachers＇ conceptualizations of teaching, their beliefs, thinking, and decision making can help us better understand the nature of language teacher education and hence better prepare us for our roles as teacher and teacher educators.     

Evaluation System for High-tech Enterprises’Value Based on Empirical Analysis in China

High-tech industry has become the strategic and leading industry of the national economic and social development, and it is also the main driving force for economic growth and social progress in China. It is necessary to redefine the composition of high-tech enterprises’value and thus find the ways to maximize their value. This paper attempted to address the following set of questions: 1. What are the value drivers and how do they affect high-tech enterprises’value? 2. How to establish the value appraisal measure system of high-tech enterprise?     

“Screening” or “Meritocracy”: Does the Choice of a Private School Help Students Achieve Higher Academic Performance? —Based on the PISA 2018 Analysis of Four Provinces and Municipalities in China

The introduced policy of “synchronized enrollment of public and private schools” has once again triggered the debate on the effectiveness of public and private schools. Based on the data of the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018 from four Chinese provinces and municipalities, this paper explores whether private schools gain a relative advantage in student academic performance through student “screening” or academic “meritocracy,” through a hierarchical linear model (HLM) and an empirical test of the propensity score matching (PSM). It has been found that the academic performance of students in private schools is significantly better than that in public schools. But with background, metacognitive ability, and learning hours of students in private schools controlled for, such academic performance is not significantly superior, suggesting that private schools rely heavily on student “screening” to achieve a relative advantage in student academic performance. This finding has also verified the scientific nature of the above policy.     

Study Abroad in Social Work Education: “Citizen of Two Worlds” Faculty

Schools of social work are increasingly offering study abroad courses as a strategy for enhancing future practitioners’ knowledge and skills in serving individuals and families of diverse sociocultural backgrounds. Literature relative to such educational initiatives has focused on the characteristics, motivations, and outcomes for students and faculty; challenges and strategies to address them; different formats of course delivery; and, to a limited degree, faculty who develop and implement the courses. Using a study abroad course about understanding trauma in cultural context, the current article discusses and illustrates pedagogic and logistic benefits of the citizen of two worlds model in faculty leadership of study abroad courses.     

An Analysis on Heathcliff’s Inhumanity in the Wuthering Heights

In the Wuthering Heights, Heathcliff is a main and controversial figure. Different critics comment on him from many different aspects. Nevertheless, this thesis focuses on the inhumanity of Heathcliff....     

An Analysis on the Structure of “Yue Lai Yue X”

In modern Chinese, the structure of "Yue Lai Yue X" is a common one, normally denoting X to have changes in degree, number, content and emotion. Construction Grammar has provided us with new method and perspective to study linguistic phenomena. The thesis will give a thorough explanation of the structure of "Yue Lai Yue X" from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. The thesis consists of the following two parts. Part One: It analyzes the constructive meaning and semantic category of "Yue Lai Yue X" construction. Part Two: By analyzing the structure in the way of syntax, the words occupying the position of X must fulfill two rules: they can express the meaning of change in degree, number, extent and emotion of time and they can be modi?ed by adverb "hen" in grammar.     

Discussion on the Cultivation of Nursing Faculties Based on the Development of Nursing Education in China

The Chinese higher nursing education has developed fast. People＇s opinions to it have changed. In the future, it will show the developmental trends as follows. The scale of higher nursing education will be enlarged and educational levels will be improved continuously. The professional characteristics will be further focused on in nursing curriculum system. Teaching methods will be diversified to help the students to improve their abilities. The internationalization will be the developmental trend of nursing education. The development of nursing education puts forward higher demands for the faculties. How to cultivate the higher-quality nursing faculties has received increasing attention over the past few years as a common problem with serious consequences for the qualities of the students. It needs to equip the human resources of nursing teachers to be perfect, establish the academic faculty echelon and intensify the general qualities of nursing faculties. The nursing teachers should improve their theoretical and educational levels, develop the teaching capabilities, possess the capabilities of scientific research, enhance the clinical practical capabilities, improve the application abilities of the foreign language and cultivate the humanistic qualities to train the excellent students.     

An Analysis on the Twins’“Depravity”Image in The God of Small Things

The God of Small Things written by Arundhati Roy is a novel about the post-colonial India. Based on the main clue of an upper-class family in a small town, the author describes the life and the state o...     

An Analysis on the Cultural Factors that Affect People’s Perceptions:A Case Study

The intention of this present paper is to explore the relationship between culture and perception and the cultural fac?tors that affect people’s perceptions from different cultural backgrounds. This st...