Analysis of Higher Tourism and Hospitality Education in China

Tourism education plays an important role in supporting tourism development and providing qualified employees to meet the great demands in China. A lack of high quality educators and employees is a common concern of Chinese tourism and hospitality education. The role of higher tourism and hospitality education has become more and more important for Chinese tourism and hospitality education. The purpose of this study was to analyze the situation of Chinese higher tourism and hospitality education and to identify the constraints and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of it.The results suggest three main existing problems of current Chinese higher tourism and hospitality education: lack of practical training occurred both in teaching activity and the quality of teachers; poor curriculum design particularly the unbalance of theory and practice; and teachers require further study especially practical training and work experience.     

Intrinsically Interconnected and Interactive Relationship of Language and Culture—From the Perspective of Communication and Based on Case Studies

Language and culture are intrinsically interconnected and interactive with each other.On one hand,language is a part of culture and plays a very important role in it:language expresses,embodies and symbolizes cultural reality.On the other,language is influenced and shaped by culture;it reflects culture.This kind of relationship of language and culture is indispensible,which is clearly reflected in and especially ture with their play of roles in communication.Through the overviews of language and culture,and based on the case studies of three types of communication(cross-cultural,intercultural and multicultural communication),this article is aimed at discussing the relationship of language and culture in detail from the perspective of communication,and further explain and prove the importance of language and culture in successful communication.     

各篇英文摘要集录

Characteristics of the Sense of Self-esteem of Students at Pilot High Schools，The Internet and Quality-Oriented Education，Video Instances of Teaching: Implications, Values and Operation，Understanding the Character of Teaching Materials and Using Them in a Creative Way，A Survey and Analysis of Students‘ Attention and Memory and a Discussion on Teaching……     

Concrete deterioration under the coupling effects of flexural load, cyclic wetting and drying, and sulfate

Our research focused on the analysis of concrete deterioration mechanism under the coupling effects of flexural load, cyclic wetting and drying, and sulfate. The relative dynamic modulus of elasticity of a corroded concrete sample was tested, and scanning electron microscope was used to observe the microstructure of concrete under the coupling effects of flexural load, cyclic wetting and drying, and sulfate. Results manifested that flexural load and cyclic wetting and drying during the concrete service changed the corrosion process of the sulfate medium in concrete and enhanced the deterioration of concrete performance. Furthermore, the influencing patterns of strength grade of concrete, mass concentration of sulfate solution, and mineral admixtures on the degree of concrete deterioration were identified.     

Analysis on Elements Related to Education

Based on theories of educational philosophy and psychology this paper discusses and analyzes a series of elements related to education, and illustrates the aim of education, contents of curriculum, methods of teaching, nature of the student, and the role of teachers.     

Web应用系统的统一结构模型

With the increasing popularity,scale and complexity of web applications,design and development of web applications are becoming more and more difficult,However,the current state of their design and development is characterized by anarchy and ad hoc methodologies,One of the causes of this chaotic situation is that different researchers and designers have different understanding of web applications.In this paper,based on an explicit understanding of web applications,we present a unified architecture model of wed applications,the four-view model,which addresses the analysis and design issues of web applications from four perspectives,namely,logical view,data view,navigation view and presentation view,each addrssing a specific set of concerns of web applications,the purpose of the model is to provide a clear picture of web applications to alleviate the chaotic situation and facilitate its analysis,design and implementation.     

The Ethical Explanation of The Spirit of Western Law

The order of western rule-of-law is always the sample of the construction of Chinese rule-of-law,but the spirit of western legal system,which is embodied as rule-of-law,right-equality,and rule-by-good-law,is correlated inherently with certain natural and social condition.Human nature theory of naturalism,the contract-ethics,and justice are the ethical foundations of Western law,and the idea of people-oriented,whose contents includes human’s homony and happiness,always acompany with the western development history of rule-of-law.We should adhere the sense that people should abide by and respect law,and the law should constitute a kind of healthy and harmony interpersonal relationships and free and creative living-style.     

Analysis of Stylistic Features of Advertising English

Combining the theory of stylistics,this paper discusses the stylistic features of advertising English such as,the use of sound patterns in the form of alliteration and rhyme,steady form of vocabulary,simple and informal grammar,and the adoption of metaphor.Through the analysis,we can understand and appreciate advertising English and create more interesting and more persuasive advertisements.     

Sustainable urbanization：energy and environment in the Chongqing Municipality,China

Chongqing is the largest municipality under the Chinese Central Government （MCG） in terms of administrative area and population and is now the most important economic and cultural center of the upper Yangtze River and Three Gorges area. The Three Gorges Dam project, one of the largest world infrastructure projects, causes a great deal of immigration to Chongqing and results in the rapid urbanization of the city, and it has brought in a great deal of environmental impact, which is a global concerned issue. This paper introduces the city profile of Chongqing municipality and its urbanization impact on energy and environment. The demand and the trend of energy consumption in built environment （building and transport） have been analysed. The living environment of Chongqing residents and the local energy efficient policy have been introduced. Finally the authors discuss the key issues of the sustainable urban development of Chongqing.     

Expansion of spherical cavity of strain-softening materials with different elastic moduli of tension and compression

An expansion theory of spherical cavities in strain-softening materials with different moduli of tension and com-pression was presented. For geomaterials,two controlling parameters were introduced to take into account the different moduli and strain-softening properties. By means of elastic theory with different moduli and stress-softening models,general solutions cal-culating Tresca and Mohr-Coulomb materials' stress and displacement fields of expansion of spherical cavity were derived. The effects caused by different elastic moduli in tensile and compression and strain-softening rates on stress and displacement fields and development of plastic zone of expansion of cavity were analyzed. The results show that the ultimate expansion pressure,stress and displacement fields and development of plastic zone vary with the different elastic moduli and strain-softening prop-erties. If classical elastic theory is adopted and strain-softening properties are neglected,rather large errors may be the result.