学校心理咨询职业化进程中的问题及对策

心理咨询职业化已成为国内外心理咨询与治疗业发展的共同趋势。与国外相比,我国还处于职业化的开始阶段。文中指出了我国学校心理咨询存在的问题,即师资队伍正在扩大,但专业化水平偏低;政府关注,政策推动,但学校保障体系不到位等。针对这些问题,提出了在思想上、管理上、师资队伍建设及咨询理论与模式等方面推进心理咨询职业化建设的对策。     

A Master's Degree Specialization in Gerontological Counseling

A master's level specialization in gerontological counseling is described. Development of the program, curriculum, student composition, and program evaluation are discussed.     

Counseling Athletes: A New Specialty in Counselor Education

A master's-level specialization in athletic counseling is described. Development of the program, course work, student recruitment, and program evaluation are discussed.     

基于学科建设的辅导员队伍专业化探讨

当前高校辅导员队伍专业化建设存在德育观念模糊、岗位基础薄弱、专业标准缺失等问题。要实现高等教育的跨越式发展,必须以建设大学生辅导学的学科专业和职称体系为核心,提升大学生辅导员的专业化、职业化水平,从而形成一支政治强、业务精、德才兼备、乐于奉献的辅导员队伍。     

朋辈心理辅导员在心理危机干预中的作用

目前,高校心理危机干预工作中存在机构不健全、咨询教师数量不足和未专职化、学生主动咨询意识薄弱、危机发现欠及时等问题。而朋辈心理辅导员可以利用其信息获取直接性、沟通交流简便性、危机干预灵活性等优势参与到心理危机干预的各阶段中,成为高校心理危机干预中的重要力量。     

Adapting Secular Post-Graduate Education in Counseling to Meet the Needs of Ministers

As the demand for counseling within a religious setting increases, clergymen are expressing a need for more counselor education. If pastoral counseling is considered distinctly different from other counseling, then pastoral counseling education is the province of the seminaries. If the pastoral counselor is not considered basically different from other counselors, a secular counselor education program can serve the needs of ministers as well as other counselors by having a central core of required professional courses and then optional branches for specialization in counseling. Finding appropriate instructors for the pastoral counseling courses could be a problem. Candidates for pastoral counseling should be as carefully screened and tested as other graduate students in counseling. The counseling program should offer ministers the opportunity to learn about group work and, ideally, the opportunity for supervised practicum work in several different settings. There should be some provision for individual and group therapy for the pastoral counselors themselves as a means of enhancing their own effectiveness. When a secular institution feels that it cannot adapt its regular program to fit the needs of pastoral counselors, it can be of service by arranging special workshops and conferences for the clergymen of the area, and counselor educators can be available as consultants to seminaries and churches that request assistance.     

Collaborative Counseling: A Conceptual Framework and Approach for Counselors of Adults in Life Transitions

The emerging field of adult counseling generally refers to the applications of adult development and life transitions literature in counseling. To date, numerous definitions that apply a particular theoretical perspective to clients within an established counseling approach have characterized practice. In contrast, collaborative counseling is a term that defines an inclusive theoretical framework and distinct counseling approach. The phenomenology of counselors is defined in terms of three perspectives: (a) developmental—for conceptualizing adult experience and counseling; (b) collaborative—for characterizing counselor-client roles, interactions, and processes; and (c) idiographic—for conceptualizing applicability of theory and interventions to individuals. From these perspectives a specialized practice is derived that emphasizes transitional status assessment, adult processes, counseling outcomes in meaning and behavior, as well as multiple contexts and modalities for delivery of service. The implications for curriculum and training provide the basis for defining a specialization in adult counseling.     

Counseling in Nigeria and the United States of America: Contrasts and Similarities

This paper compares the profession of counseling in Nigeria and the United States of America (USA). Many differences exist in the practice of counseling in these two countries, including a greater emphasis on specialization, credentialing and licensing in the USA. Issues such as lack of insurance coverage and general economic disadvantage affect the utilization of counseling services in Nigeria. Although both countries are dealing with similar societal concerns, training standards remain localized. The authors recommend that given the global nature of counseling's reach and potential impact across the world, efforts should be made to implement international credentialing standards.     

高职院校辅导员角色的重建

高职院校辅导员是高职生政治思想的导师、精神的引路人、健康成长的知心朋友和职业生涯规划的辅导者。辅导员队伍的专业化、职业化是高职院校建设的一个重要组成部分。     

Preparation of the Elementary School Counselor: 1972

This is the fourth in a series of quadrennial surveys begun in 1960 to determine the extent and nature of counselor preparation at the master's and doctoral levels in the field of elementary school guidance and counseling. Nearly 90 percent (325) of the 367 counselor education departments in the U.S. responded to this survey. The main finding is the great acceleration of programs which provide specialization since 1968. Generic programs (n = 132), however, are still common. Major emphasis in specialized programs rests in laboratory and practicum experiences. Counselor educators in elementary school guidance and counseling are still mainly people who have not taken their advanced work in the field of elementary school guidance and counseling.     

教师地位与教师专业化

教师专业化与教师地位密切相关,一般地说,教师专业化的认可必然带来教师地位的提高。但从教育自身和教育产品的特点以及英美等国家争取教学工作专业地位的历史来看,必须反其道而行之,通过政府人为地提高教师的社会与经济地位,创设良好的客观环境,以吸纳优秀人才从教,并通过专业训练来提高教师队伍整体素质和教育质量,推进教师专业化进程。当教师专业化达到一定程度并被社会认可后自然提高教师的地位。     

Counseling is not a Profession—Yet

Criteria for a profession established by McCully and Miller (1969) and others were applied to the occupation of counseling. It seems that counseling is not yet a profession primarily because it lacks professional autonomy and legal recognition.     

Graduate Social Work Students’ Experiences with Group Work in the Field and the Classroom

For decades, group work scholars have described a discrepancy between student preparation for group work practice and opportunities to work with groups in the field practicum and professional practice. Educators in related disciplines such as counseling and psychology have expressed similar concerns. This article reports findings of a study of MSW students in a program that includes a practice methods specialization in group work. The purpose was to determine the prevalence of group assignments among all students regardless of their method specialization. A majority of all respondents reported substantial opportunities to practice group work and receive appropriate supervision. Opportunities for majors in group work were significantly greater than for their non-group work counterparts. However, a majority of all students did not feel classes prepared them for group practice. Findings suggest social work must renew its commitment to preparing all students for this practice modality.     

论思想政治教育中哲学咨询的应用

哲学是实现思想政治教育意识形态性和非意识形态性二者辩证统一的纽带,哲学咨询是提升思想政治教育受众主体认同的有效方法。找准思想政治教育和哲学咨询的契合点,科学运用哲学咨询求同存异、交互探究、精神沟通、价值疏导、内化整合等功能和手段开展思想政治教育,可有效增强受众对思想政治教育的主体认同,提升思想政治教育工作的实效和层次。     

团体心理辅导与拓展训练及其相关理论

拓展训练能够很好地提高团队成员自我接纳、合作能力、沟通意识以及人际关系等心理健康水平,与团体心理辅导的效果有异曲同工之妙。文章通过团体动力学理论、人本主义学习理论、社会认知理论等详细分析了＂拓展训练＂与＂团体心理辅导＂之间的共同要素。     

心理疏导型森林休闲旅游产品的市场认可度初探

论文对心理疏导型的森林休闲旅游产品的市场认可度进行了问卷调查,收集了相关一手资料,并对410份问卷进行了定量分析,研究结果表明,都市人群心理疏导的需求市场巨大,同时对森林休闲旅游以及森林的相关功能有一定了解,多数人也有森林休闲旅游的经验,并且心理疏导型的森林休闲旅游产品能被都市人接受,都市人对产品的初步印象较好,其中休闲类产品最受欢迎,同心理疏导相结合的森林休闲旅游产品具有巨大的经济和社会效益。在此基础上,该论文提出了心理疏导型的森林休闲旅游产品推广的价值以及开发对策。     

闲暇教育对大学生网络依赖的影响研究

采用网络依赖诊断量表和大学生闲暇生活调查问卷对556名大学生进行调查,结果发现大学生网络依赖的检出率为23.0%,其对闲暇的认知存在偏差,在选择闲暇活动时存在着严重的从众心理,闲暇技能的缺乏,闲暇生活质量不高,生活单调乏味甚至消极空虚,严重影响着大学生的学业和身心健康。加强对大学生的生涯规划,开设闲暇课程,促进教师闲暇教育的专业化,防治"网络依赖"的团体辅导等闲暇教育能有效预防和矫治大学生网络依赖。     

Counseling in the area of child sexual abuse within the family

This paper considers the recent recognition in Ireland of the problem of child sexual abuse. In 1983, the Government Department of Health, for the first time, allocated a separate category for it in its statistics. Treatment to date has been one of localised and ad hoc arrangements.Counseling approaches follow broadly the divisions that exist in the theoretical models that seek to explain the aetiology of abuse. These can be characterised as (1) those programs that derive from the family systems model and that emphasise dysfunctional family dynamics and (2) programs established for the counseling of a wide range of sex offenders, including intrafamily abusers, and which emphasise traits or aspects of individual perpetrator functioning. Both approaches, however, share fundamental prerequisites. These prerequisites are considered.Three issues are of particular relevance during counseling. The first relates to the child victim at the time of the discovery or disclosure of the abuse, and prior to entry into a family counseling program. The second looks at counseling programs that emphasise the family dimension. The third deals with counseling approaches for perpetrators of abuse. Each of these three topics will be discussed.     

高校心理健康教育工作三个互补关系研究

进一步加强大学生心理健康教育工作是十七大报告中提及的实现"人文关怀"和"心理疏导"的重要途径之一。当前,进一步向纵深拓展和保持高校心理健康教育工作的可持续发展,需在工作布局上关注执行力和专业化的互补,在工作模式上注意教育学模式、心理学模式和精神医学模式的互补,在工作视角上注重心理学与其他学科的互补,采取有针对性的模式和创建多元化的实践共同体等策略推进高校心理健康教育工作科学发展。     

Lateralized Neural Responses to Letters and Digits in First Graders

The emergence of visual cortex specialization for culturally acquired characters like letters and digits, both arbitrary shapes related to specific cognitive domains, is yet unclear. Here, 20 young children (6.12 years old) were tested with a frequency-tagging paradigm coupled with electroencephalogram recordings to assess discrimination responses of letters from digits and vice-versa. One category of stimuli (e.g., letters) was periodically inserted (1/5) in streams of the other category (e.g., digits) presented at a fast rate (6 Hz). Results show clear right-lateralized discrimination responses at 6 Hz/5 for digits within letters, and a trend for left-lateralization for letters. These results support an early developmental emergence of ventral occipito-temporal cortex specialization for visual recognition of digits and letters, potentially in relation with relevant coactivated brain networks.