隶属度函数与体育教师评价

本文采用系统思想,利用模糊数学中的隶属度函数为标度的测评标准,建立评价的数学模型,确定隶属度函数与评价的方式,以及评价因素的隶属度准则,认为用模糊数学中的隶属度函数为标度的测评标准来评价体育教师是一种简单、科学、实用的数学方法.     

Dyadic Curve-of-Factors Model: An Introduction and Illustration of a Model for Longitudinal Nonexchangeable Dyadic Data

The analysis of longitudinal data collected from nonexchangeable dyads presents a challenge for applied researchers for various reasons. This article introduces the dyadic curve-of-factors model (D–COFM), which extends the curve-of-factors model (COFM) proposed by McArdle (1988) for use with nonexchangeable dyadic data. The D–COFM overcomes problems with modeling composite scores across time and instead permits examination of the growth in latent constructs over time. The D–COFM also appropriately models the interdependency among nonexchangeable dyads. Different parameterizations of the D–COFM are illustrated and discussed using a real data set to aid applied researchers when analyzing dyadic longitudinal data.     

Learner instruction,attitudes during class and academic achievement of junior high school students in Korea: a panel analysis

This study examined changes in the structural relationship among learner-centred classes perceived by Korean junior high school students, attitudes during class and academic achievement. A linear change model was identified as optimal, showing a steady increase over time for each parameter. The higher the initial value for learner-centred classes, the higher both the initial value and rate of change was for attitudes during class and academic achievement. The initial values for attitudes during class also had a significant effect on initial values of academic achievement, suggesting that attitudes are important in increasing academic achievement. The rate of change of both learner-centred classes and attitudes during class significantly influenced the rate of change of academic achievement.     

A Survey of the Social Development of the 10th, 11th,and 12th Grade Pupils in a Small High School

A potential weakness of quantitative methods is the intrusive nature of testing in general, and pretesting specifically. The Solomon four-group design ameliorates this difficulty, but because of statistical issues there are few published examples. W. Braver and Braver (1988) suggested the use of meta-analytic Stouffer's Z to combine the data from all four groups. Sawilowsky and Markman (1990a, 1990b, 1990c, 1990d) and Braver and W. Braver (1990a, 1990b) exchanged differing opinions on this approach. The present study is a Monte Carlo demonstration that the experiment-wise error rate inflates nearly triple nominal alpha. However, when not conducted as conditional tests, traditional procedures are more powerful than this meta-analytic approach, despite the ability of Stouffer's Z to combine all available data into a single statistic.     

Adult students' achievement goal orientations and evaluations of the learning environment: a person-centred longitudinal analysis

This study focused on the stability and change in students' achievement goal orientations and whether the students' perceptions of the learning environment vary as a function of their achievement goal orientations. Participants were 169 students of the Finnish National Defense University. The students' goal orientations and their evaluations of the learning environment were assessed twice, approximately four months apart. Four groups of students were identified based on their achievement goal orientation profiles, and 60% of the participants displayed identical profiles in both measurements. Students with different goal orientation profiles differed in their evaluations of the quality of pedagogical materials, effort and attainment, and participation. Students oriented towards an increase of competence and mastery or towards normative performance and success were most positive in their evaluations. Students oriented towards avoidance of effort or display of incompetence gave less positive ratings. The relation between motivation and perceptions of learning environment is discussed.     

Fitting Unstructured Finite Mixture Models in Longitudinal Design: A Recommendation for Model Selection and Estimation of the Number of Classes

In longitudinal design, investigating interindividual differences of intraindividual changes enables researchers to better understand the potential variety of development and growth. Although latent growth curve mixture models have been widely used, unstructured finite mixture models (uFMMs) are also useful as a preliminary tool and are expected to be more robust in identifying classes under the influence of possible model misspecifications, which are very common in actual practice. In this study, large-scale simulations were performed in which various normal uFMMs and nonnormal uFMMs were fit to evaluate their utility and the performance of each model selection procedure for estimating the number of classes in longitudinal designs. Results show that normal uFMMs assuming invariance of variance–covariance structures among classes perform better on average. Among model selection procedures, the Calinski–Harabasz statistic, which has a nonparametric nature, performed better on average than information criteria, including the Bayesian information criterion.     

构建全员班主任模式的思考与实践

本文从班主任这一教育角色的历史沿革及小学班主任工作现状提出了全员班主任的概念及构建模式,对实施全员班主任的条件和效果进行了阐述,并提出了全员班主任工作四项原则。     

中介语产生的根源及模式新探

中介语的产生有两个基本因素：一、母语;二、目的语,此外还有其他规则的影响。根据Selinker对中介语的定义以及Selinker和Adjemian对中介语与根源要素间的关系,我们对Selinker和Adjemian的“规则组合”模式、“渗透”模式进行了修改和完善,提出了暂称为“迁移”模式的理论模式。     

完善研究生创业教育体系的调查与分析——以中南财经政法大学为例

从系统梳理创业能力的国内外文献着手,运用德尔菲法,构建出6个维度的研究生创业胜任力模型.同时,根据对中南财经政法大学研究生的创业意向及创业能力所做的调查与分析,得出研究生创业能力普遍较低、创业实践机会缺乏、创业教育体系需要更加完善等结论.从而提出完善创业教育体系的政策建议:设置创业课程,指导学生制定职业生涯规划;充实和丰富创业教育形式.     

应用型软件工程人才培养产学研一体化实训体系建设探索——以梧州学院软件工程人才培养为例

针对软件产业发展对软件工程人才培养提出的新需求,对目前大多数高校培养软件工程人才与社会需求脱节的现象和原因进行分析。论述了应用型软件工程人才培养产学研一体化实训体系的构建,提出软件工程人才产学研实训体系建设应包括课程体系改革、验证性实验室建设、软件项目实训平台构建、科研研发平台建设以及软件应用企业运行体验等全程培养模式,并对梧州学院的建设情况进行实证分析。     

和谐社会的中国建设、经济增长与社会分配——和谐社会建设分析模型及运用

经济增长是和谐社会建设的一般物质基础,而和谐社会又是经济增长的环境条件,但是经济增长并不能直接作用于和谐社会的建设,而是通过社会分配环节影响和谐社会的建设。中国社会经济转型后期利益竞争使经济增长的同时导致中国社会阶层分化、利益差距扩大。要使经济增长的成果为绝大多数人所享有,化解利益冲突和社会矛盾,就必须通过社会分配使经济增长服务于和谐社会的建设。为此就需要遵循马克思的方法论,从理论为实际的反映入手,建立科学的经济增长与谐社会建设的分析模型,并依此指导和谐社会的建设。     

运用“目标教学”构建课堂教学模式,促进教师队伍建设

综述了我校“目标教学与素质教育”课题组的研究进展,展示了我校运用教学模式抓教师队伍建设的成果,提出了研究方向。     

Learners' perceptions of the role of peers in a research experience: Implications for the apprenticeship process,scientific inquiry,and collaborative work

This study investigates the interaction between four pairs of high school students in a 7‐week national research apprenticeship program. Each student was interviewed about perceptions of experiences working with a peer in the same setting, and the resulting stories were analyzed. Through discourse analysis of the interviews and interrelated analyses of data from journals and responses on pre‐ and postprogram questionnaires, three types of support were identified that students experienced to varying degrees: social–emotional, social–technical, and social–cognitive. It is concluded that social–cognitive support is best engendered if there is sufficient similarity of problems and processes, and ample room for different results and debate about interpretation. Additionally, the culture and reward system students work within (i.e., classrooms) must encourage discussion of ideas and value an outsider's perspective, in recognition of the roles creativity, uncertainty, and ambiguity play in science. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 45: 251–271, 2008.