网络环境对传统信息交流理论的影响

本文阐述网络环境对传统信息交流理论的冲击。作者从信息交流的基本概念和交流体系的影响两方面分析，试图揭示传统信息交流理论需产生变革之处。     

信息化对人类环境改善的促进作用

基于信息交流的普遍性原则，对人类所引起的环境问题进行了重新认识，认为人类所面临的环境问题主要是由于人类与环境之间的信息交流的不平衡与信息的不对称所引起的。进而从信息化与信息交流之间相互促进的关系出发，认为信息化建设对人类环境的改善有一定的促进作用。     

Let’s search together,but not too close! An analysis of communication and performance in collaborative information seeking

Communication is considered to be one of the most essential components of collaboration, but our understanding as to which form of communication provides the most optimal cost-benefit balance lacks severely. To help investigate effects of various communication channels on a collaborative project, we conducted a user study with 30 pairs (60 participants) in three different conditions – co-located, remotely located with text chat, and remotely located with text as well as audio chat, in an exploratory search task. Using both quantitative and qualitative data analysis, we found that teams with remotely located participants were more effective in terms of being able to explore more diverse information. Adding audio support for remote collaboration helped participants to lower their cognitive load as well as negative emotions compared to those working in the same space. We also show how these findings could help design more effective systems for collaborative information seeking tasks using adequate and appropriate communication. We argue that collaboration is an important aspect of human-centered IR, and that our work provides interesting insights into people doing information seeking/retrieval in collaboration.     

Exploring solutions for mobile companionship: A design research approach to context-aware management

The mobile phone is not just another device; it is with you day and night, and you rely on its capabilities in work and in private. In short, the mobile phone is your companion. As your companion, it should understand your situational and informational needs. How do we increase the friendliness of your mobile phone, in order to fulfil this promise? In this paper, we explore how context awareness can be used for managing the user mobile experience. To this end, we employed a design research approach to integrate context-aware and cloud based services in an Android application. Through a user evaluation and proof-of-concept implementation we show how new technologies can increase the friendliness of your mobile phone. In so doing, we provide evidence that adaptive applications based on user context offer a fertile ground for taking mobile companionship to the next level.     

The implementation of the Spa Select System: Coming to grips with the cog in the machine

This paper illustrates the tribulations of implementing a technology-based system to aid management of information at a Spa and a Salon. While the implementation may itself appear to be rather simplistic, a number of issues of concern emerge. These range from inadequate planning, inability to define organizational processes, and resistance to change due to poor management of user skills and interests. While the organization eventually achieved the investment objective it had set out for itself, the process of implementation was riddled with problems—disgruntled employees, unfair compensation plans and a general discontentment with the system. The paper contextualizes a range of issues related to information management and how a technological solution resulted in resistance to change and business process management challenges.     

浅析我国中小企业绩效管理过程中的沟通问题

针对中小企业绩效管理过程中存在的沟通不当,绩效面谈被忽视,缺乏反馈沟通等问题,分析了绩效沟通的重要性,并就这些绩效管理沟通问题形成原因,给出了在绩效管理的各个阶段改进绩效沟通的相应对策。     

科技传播研究:疆域的扩张

随着 20世纪最后二三十年科学技术本身的发展、知识经济的出现、国家创新体系的建设等一系列社会变化,科技传播改变了其过去的传统社会角色,进入到一个新的发展阶段,功能和范围也在不断扩展。科技传播本身的这些新发展,要求我们重新审视科技传播研究的范围,适时扩展其研究领域并为它建立一个更适应时代发展的学科体系。作者认为,这样的学科体系应该包括科技传播的基础理论研究、宏观问题研究、微观问题研究三个基本部分。     

Uses of information and communication technologies in HIV self-management: A systematic review of global literature

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been applied increasingly in supporting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention and treatment. The technological advances have extended to the field of HIV self-management. The objectives of this paper are to examine the design and use of ICTs in HIV self-management programs, to identify the knowledge gaps in existing practice, and to provide recommendations for future research and program development. A systematic review was conducted to search all English literature published prior to August 2016 in six electronic databases. The inclusion criteria also included either quantitative or qualitative assessments of HIV self-management programs that utilized at least one ICT platform in the program protocol. The search identified six studies conducted in Australia and the United States. The studies were diverse in sample size and enrollment criteria of study population. The major functionalities of ICT platforms (mobile phones and websites) included delivering information modules, sending medication reminders, supporting self-monitoring for medical adherence and risk behavior reduction, enhancing communication among participants, and providing easy access to HIV self-management information. The major challenges faced by self-management programs utilizing ICTs were lack of interaction and concern of privacy. The HIV self-management programs that employed ICT platforms were limited in number and geographic coverage. Most of the programs were also tested at an initial stage with small size samples and minimum technical innovation. The lack of explicit guiding theories and models on information behavior or technology use was observed in all studies. Use of ICTs in HIV self-management interventions is an emerging field. Future research would benefit from paying more attention to technical innovation and interactive features in applying ICT platform in self-management programs. The ICTs platforms, with increasing innovation in connecting people and places, can serve as a powerful tool to reduce the disparities in health care and health promotion. Future research is also needed to explore the feasibility of applying ICT platforms in self-management programs that serving populations from diverse socioeconomic background and in resource-poor settings.     

从“更正”内容管窥学术期刊的编校质量管理——以CSSCI收录的新闻传播学期刊为例

【目的】 研究新闻传播学期刊中更正的内容特征与存在的问题,为学术期刊编校出版质量的提高提供参考。【方法】 以2014—2015年中文社会科学引文索引(CSSCI)新闻传播学期刊中的更正内容为例进行内容分析。【结果】 新闻传播学期刊更正内容的特征为：事实型错误比例大,人名更正占主导;文字型错误类型集中,错别字现象严重;专业知识型错误更正条数少,对期刊质量影响大。在更正过程中主要存在更正栏目不规范,更正滞后、效果差,致歉少、责任归属不明确的问题。【结论】 需要从加强编辑团队建设、完善编校环节,同行专家审查与作者自查并行、规避学术硬伤,常设更正栏目、完善公开更正制度这三方面强化学术期刊的编校质量管理。     

Content features of tweets for effective communication during disasters: A media synchronicity theory perspective

Users’ ability to retweet information has made Twitter one of the most prominent social media platforms for disseminating emergency information during disasters. However, few studies have examined how Twitter’s features can support the different communication patterns that occur during different phases of disaster events. Based on the literature of disaster communication and Media Synchronicity Theory, we identify distinct disaster phases and the two communication types—crisis communication and risk communication—that occur during those phases. We investigate how Twitter’s representational features, including words, URLs, hashtags, and hashtag importance, influence the average retweet time—that is, the average time it takes for retweet to occur—as well as how such effects differ depending on the type of disaster communication. Our analysis of tweets from the 2013 Colorado floods found that adding more URLs to tweets increases the average retweet time more in risk-related tweets than it does in crisis-related tweets. Further, including key disaster-related hashtags in tweets contributed to faster retweets in crisis-related tweets than in risk-related tweets. Our findings suggest that the influence of Twitter’s media capabilities on rapid tweet propagation during disasters may differ based on the communication processes.     

On the governance of information: Introducing a new concept of governance to support the management of information

Information governance as an approach to better govern the use of information within and outside an organization is rapidly gaining popularity. A common and scientific ground for this approach has not yet been formulated. In this article the authors describe a definition for information governance, extending the common, one-dimensional approach into a more generic statement. Starting from the well-known principles of IT governance the authors further explore the aspects of both information and governance. Four hypotheses are proposed to give ground to the use of information governance. These hypotheses will be the basis for further research.     

A study on the motivational aspects of information management practice

This research investigates the motivational aspects of information management practice by developing and performing an initial test of the theorization on the components and structural properties of a new variable, called information management motivation (IMM). Based on a synthesis of the motivation and information processing literature in the information systems, psychology, management, and information technology training fields, we theorize IMM as a second order construct composed of formative sub-constructs of proactiveness, sharing, transparency, and formality. New measures were developed for the constituent constructs of IMM and refined through two studies involving 120 knowledge workers. The model of IMM was tested, confirming the proposed structural relationships between the constituent constructs and IMM. The study findings provide important insights on understanding and improving individual knowledge workers’ information management activities.     

Civic Actions after September 11: Exploring the Role of Multi-level Storytelling

Interpersonal and media storytelling were crucial to information dissemination about the September 11 tragedies. The storytelling processes through which urban residents are transformed into members of a broader community are illustrated by their connections to media and their participation in neighborhood discussions and community organizations after September 11. This study demonstrates how a communication infrastructure approach contributes to understanding participation in civil society after September 11.     

Exploring the impact of communication effectiveness on service quality,trust and relationship commitment in IT services

Most firms today are served by specialized IT service providers for the development and maintenance of their business information systems. During the IT service encounter, service providers and clients interact throughout the project, exchanging information, sharing knowledge and making critical decisions. From the IT service provider's viewpoint, it is important to raise the level of clients’ relationship commitment during this service encounter as their business continuity depends upon clients assessment. Intuitively, effective communication and effective service quality, mediated by trust, are critical factors in raising the level of relationship commitment. This study proposes an empirical model consisting of four critical antecedents of relationship commitment (communication effectiveness, technical service quality, functional service quality and trust) and then tests the model using data points solicited from two global firms. Study results revealed that trust is a strong mediator for relationship commitment while functional, rather than technical, service quality is a stronger mediator in forming the clients’ trust.     

Comparative political communication research in the digital epoch: A typology of national communication spaces

Abstract

This study makes a systematic effort to connect digital communication research with comparative political analysis. It explores the concurrence of global influence and national resilience in digital spheres, integrating the homogenizing tendencies of networked connectedness and globalization with heterogeneous configurations of national political communication spaces, which are strongly influenced by enduring social contexts. Drawing on the process-oriented actor-connector-interlocutor model, this study uses three sets of indicators to classify national political communication spaces. It conceptualizes three distinctive types of political communication spaces – “symmetrical and fully-fledged,” “vigorous but censored,” and “infertile and unresponsive” – and identifies their characteristics, internal logics, and their linkages to other communication spaces. It offers a systematic and applicable framework that may be used in future studies on cross-national comparisons of political communication processes in digital spheres.     

微博科学传播机制的社会网络分析——以转基因食品议题为例

微博科学传播通过社会关系进行。微博用户基于关注、转发、评论等关系形成传播网络,网络结构决定信息的来源、方向、强度及范围。运用社会网络分析,定量探究这一网络的结构特征,为微博科学传播机制研究提供了结构主义的新视角。传播网络结构分析从整体结构、个体位置结构、子群结构、子群互动结构等四个层次展开。转基因食品议题的案例研究发现:公共科学议题在微博空间中具有多元交互的传播渠道;相关传播主体之间的关系呈现精英民主化特征;往往产生群体两极化的传播效果。     

浅谈提高变电站自动化通信可靠性的措施

变电站综合自动化近年来在国内迅速发展,一直是电力行业研究的热点。变电站综合自动化系统由于通信接口众多,电气连接点多面,加之运行环境较为恶劣,电磁干扰严重。这些电磁干扰进入变电站内的综合自动化系统,就可能引起系统通信不正常。分析了变电站电磁干扰形成的原因,根据电磁干扰要素的特点提出了提高通信可靠性的措施。     

How to design the master data architecture: Findings from a case study at Bosch

Master data management (MDM) is a topic of increasing prominence both in the scientific and in the practitioners’ information systems (IS) community. As a prerequisite for meeting strategic business requirements, such as compliance with regulations, business integration, or integrated customer management, MDM comprises numerous activities. One of the central activities is designing and maintaining the master data architecture. Interestingly, though, the scientific community has remained almost silent with regard to the question as to how companies should proceed when designing the master data architecture. In order to shed light on this unexplored topic, the paper at hand presents the findings of a case study at Bosch Group. The case study shows that designing the master data architecture is a multidimensional task which requires balancing the interests of various organizational stakeholders, managing an array of technical opportunities, and meeting requirements of numerous master data classes. Also, the case study suggests that taking advantage of architectural design patterns may be an appropriate way to adequately address the complexity of the task.     

宁夏电力光纤通信网三、四级网络融合分析

随着国家电网公司＂三集五大＂工作的全面推进,各级电力通信传输系统融合趋势明显。在分析宁夏电力通信系统三级网、四级网现状后,提出三、四级传输网络融合方案,并分析电力系统传输业务的流向等特点,指出融合网络的注意事项,给出网络融合后的具体应用例子。宁夏电力通信系统三、四级网络融合,将有效解决业务的保护配置问题,提高电力传输网的有效性和可靠性。     

The impact of trust and changes in trust: A national comparison of individual adoptions of information and communication technologies and related phenomenon

Trust has been shown to play an important role in the adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) on an individual and firm level, but has received relatively little attention on a national level. In this paper we examine the impact of generalized trust, as measured by the World Value Survey, on the adoption of ICT products and related phenomena (e.g., such issues as Telecommuting and services such as E-Government Readiness), at a national level, while controlling for a nation's wealth. Because national trust levels having changed over time, we also examine how the rate of change in trust has impacted the adoption of ICT and ICT related phenomenon. Our findings provide strong empirical support for the argument that trust impacts national level adoption. The results are robust as we consider multiple variables and data sources. We also show that changes in trust rates are generally associated with corresponding changes in ICT adoptions.