东喜马拉雅地区西域旌节花一新亚种——紫红旌节花

描述了旌节花属（旌节花科）西域旌节花Stachyurus himalaicus Hook.f.&Thom s.ex Benth.一新亚种:紫红旌节花S.himalaicus ssp.purpureus Y.P.Zhu&Z.Y.Zhang。该新 亚种与原亚种S.himalaicus subsp.himalaicus的区别在于原亚种的花为黄色或黄绿色，而新 亚种的花为粉紫色至深紫色。此外，原亚种多生长于1300-3000m的落叶或常绿阔叶林中或林 缘，分布区由东喜马拉雅至我国西南广大地区，而新亚种仅见于东喜马拉雅地区2200-3300m 的密林中。     

辽宁沙参属两个种的补记及染色体数目

 此文包括了缢花沙参Adenophora contracta (Kitag．)  J．  Z．  Qu  et  Hong 和松叶沙参 A．pinifolia Kitag．两个种。在过去，前者曾被处理为石沙参的变种(A.polyantha Nakai var．contracta Kitag．)。本文通过对它的地理分布、植物体形态和细胞学特征的研究，发现它相当独特。所以，把它处理为种的等级A．contracta (Kitag．) J．Z．Qu. et Hong。后者，曾被洪德元(1983)处理为存疑种。在此被确认为独立的种。     

沙棘属的新发现

 本文报道了沙棘属的2个新组：即无皮组Hippophae和有皮组Gyantsenses，1个新等     级种H.gyantsensis(Rousi)Lian和中亚沙棘H.rhamnoides L．subsp．turkestanica Rousi  在     甘肃省的新分布, 同时附有该属的分组和分种系统检索表，记述了沙棘属的一个新的分类方案。     

广西荛花属(瑞香科)一新变种——黄药白花荛花

详细描述了广西荛花属一个新变种——黄药白花荛花Wikstroemia trichotoma (Thunb.) Makino var. flavianthera S. Y. Liu。本变种与原变种不同在于侧脉较多，达11对，萼筒非肉质，花药黄色，子房棒状，无毛。     

中国主要禾本科植物花的基本类型与系统分类

本文研究、分析了禾本科33个族、174个属(632种)的花的性状；讨论了重要性状演化   的趋势。根据花、尤其花中鳞被的比较形态，把禾本科植物的花概括为三大类型七个亚型：竹   型(包括真竹亚型，稻亚型、芦竹亚型、针茅亚型)、早熟禾型(含早熟禾亚型)和黍型(包括画眉   草亚型，真黍亚型)。其结果与花的基本类型相对应的大类群，以及与幼苗基本类型、颖果基本   类型相对应的大类群是一致的，即竹亚科、稻亚科、芦竹亚科、针茅亚科、早熟禾亚科、画眉草亚  科，黍亚科。     

肋柱花属的系统研究

本文对肋柱花属的属下分类、系统发育和地理分布等方面进行了深入研究。文用分支系统学的方法和原理，用计算机PAUP程序处理，获得了几个最简约的支序图。  肋柱花属属于龙胆亚族辐状花冠群，在这群中，论亲缘关系它与辐花属最近，与獐牙菜属次之，而与黄秦艽属关系较远。  獐牙菜属在进化程度上较肋柱花属低，因此它被选为肋柱花属的外类群。 经过支序分析，肋柱花属的18个种根据Hennig的“共近裔性原则”可组合为三个组，其中肉质根茎组为较原始的组，肋柱花组为中级进化水平的组，合萼组是进化程度最高的组。 肋柱花属是北温带分布型的属，分布于亚洲、欧洲及北美洲，直达北极。从种的地理分布型分析，表明秦岭一横断山区是本属的起源与分化中心。 随文报道了一个新组、一个新种和一个新变种。  研究了全部种类的命名模式。     

蜡瓣花属的花粉形态研究

本文对金缕梅科Hamamlidaceae蜡瓣花属Corylopsis 11种花粉进行光学显微镜和扫描电镜的观察研究。本属花粉除Corylopsis sinensis少量花粉具4沟外均为三沟类型。外壁均具网状纹饰，网眼形状大小略有差异，花粉粒大小虽有些变化，但其它特征均较一致，故在植物分类上本属是相当自然的一个类群。     

河北堇菜属植物的进一步研究

本文着重运用聚类分析的方法，对河北地区堇菜属植物进行研究，确定本属中组和亚     组的划分界限，并通过对形态学特征和地理分布式样的分析，确认蒙古堇菜(V. mongolica     Franch．)和北京堇菜(V．pekinensis(Regel) W．Beck．)实属同一个种，北京堇菜不应作为     独立的种存在。通过将美丽堇菜组(Sect．Melanium Ging．)与其它类群进行比较，发现差异     很大，超出了组和组间的相似性范围，因而支持Juzepczuk(1949)将它提升为亚属的分类处    理。     

豹子花属的花粉形态研究，兼论与百合属的界限问题

本文借助光学显微镜和扫描电镜，对豹子花属Nomocharis 6种植物和百合属Lilium 4   种植物的花粉形态与外部特征作了较系统的比较研究，其结果如下：  1．豹子花属植物花粉的   萌发孔均为单沟(远极)型，根据其外壁结构及表面纹饰的特点，可分为基柱网纹型和网纹   型，结合外部形态特征推断，可能存在由基柱网纹→网纹的进化趋势。 2．百合属植物花粉   的萌发孔多为单沟(远极)型，稀为2一3孔型，然而，其中外部形态极为相近的小百合集合群与   尖被百合在花粉形态上表现出较大的差异，这一事实为研究百合科花粉的演化提供了线索。豹   子花属与百合属花粉虽在表面纹饰上存在区别，但从外部形态上，该属的一些种类与百合属极  为相近，反映出二属之间存在着较为紧密的亲缘关系。     

中国薯蓣属细胞分类的研究——染色体数与该属起源和演化

本文继续报道了薯蓣属(Dioscorea L.)块茎类5个组(sect．  Combilium Pr．et Burk.，Sect. Lasiophyton  Pr．  et  Burk.，  Sect.  Opsophyton  Uline，  Sect． Shannicorea  Pr.  et  Burk.，  Sect. Enantiophyllum Uline)23个种和变种的染色体数，并对一些分类群进行了讨论。它们都是基数为10的多倍体，是本属进化的类型。  根据染色体数的演化和二倍体种类的地理分布，我们推论我国横断山脉地区可能是薯蓣属的起源中心。     

银屏牡丹——花王牡丹的野生近亲

 Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews subsp. spontanea (Rehder) S. G. Haw et L. A.  Lauener (  ＝P. spontanea ＝ P. jishanensis) has been considered as the wild form of widely  cultivated P.  suffruticosa.  However,  the subspecies differs from the cultivated one in  shape, division and indumentum of leaves and reproductive biology. As a result of extensive  field work, a form with two individuals in Yinping Shan, Caohu, Anhui, and Songxian,  Henan, are found to be extremely similar to P. suffruticosa, but apparently different from  P. jishanensis. The form is considered to be the wild one of P. suffruticosa and described as new: P. suffruticosa subsp, yinpingmudan Hong, K. Y. Pan et Z. W. Xie.     

鄂报春(Primula obconica Hance)一新亚种

 A new subspecies, Primula obconica subsp. fujianensis, is described. The genus Primula is widely distributed throughout China, but it has never been previously recorded in Fujian and Jiangsu. Recently the authors collected a specimen of the genus from Fujian for the first time. It is obviously closely related to P. obconica, which is one of the most common species in China, ranging from western Yunnan and Sichuan through Guizhou, Hubei to Hunan and northern Guang- dong, with its most easterly extension in southern Jiangxi. Morphologically, the Fujian plant is char- acterized by its much smaller stature and by the scapes being shorter than the leaf rosette, and in many ways it is more closely related to P. obconica subsp. parva, but can be easily distinguished by its smaller, white and homostylous flowers. As it is isolated both in distribution and reproductionwith other subspecies of P. obconica, here it is described as a new subspecies.     

中国绞股蓝属(葫芦科)的研究

 The genus Gynostemma B1. consists of 13 species and 2 varieties in the whole world, among which 11 species and 2 varieties occur in China. They are distributed in S. Shaanxi and the southern part of the Yangtze River (including Taiwan province) in China and also in Korea, Japan, Sri Lanka, India and Malesia. Based on the characters and dehiscence of fruit, the genus Gynostemma B1. may be divided into two subgenera, i.e. Subgen. I. Gynostemma and Subgen. II. Trirostllum (Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie) C. Y. Wu ct S. K. Chen, comb. nov.        1.  Subgenus Gynostemma. The fruits are baccate, globose, 3-umbonate and incorni culate on the apical side, indehiscent when mature. The style apex in female flower is bifid.       Type of subgenus: Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Mak.       This subgenus contains 8 species and 2 varieties in the world, among which 6 speci- es and 2 varieties occur in China, i.e.1.G. simplicifolium B1. (Yunnan, Hainan of Guang- dong); 2. G. laxum (Wall.) Cogn. (S. Yunnan, Hainan of Guangdong and Guangxi); 3. G. burmanicum King ex Chakr. (Yunnan), 3a. G. burmanicum var. molle C. Y. Wu (Yun- nan); 4. G. pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Mak. (S. Shaanxi and the soutern area of the Yangtze River of China), 4a. G. pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Mak. var. dasycarpum C. V. Wu (Yun- nan); 5. G. pubescens (Gagnep.) C. Y. Wu, st. nov. (Yunnan); 6. G. longipes C. Y. Wu, sp. nov. (endemic to China: Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi and Guangxi).       2.  Subgenus Trirostellum (Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie) C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen, comb. nov.——Trirostellum Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie in Acta Phytotaxonomia Sinica 19 (4): 483. 1981, syn. nov. The fruit are capsules, subcampanulate, 3-corniculate on the apical side, dehiscent when mature. The style apex in female flower is luniform and irregularly denticulate at margin, rarely bifid.       Type of subgenus: Gynostemma cardiospermum Cogn. ex Oliv.      This subgenus comprises 5 species, which are all endemic to China.  1. G. yixingense (Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie) C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (Jiangsu and Zhejiang); 2. G. cardio spermum Cogn. ex Oliv. (Hubei, Shaanxi and Sichuan); 3. G. microspermum C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (S. Yunnan); 4. G. aggregatum C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (NW. Yunnan); 5. G.laxiflorum C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (Anhui).     

菰属系统与演化研究——花粉形态

本文首次报道了菰属Zizania L. 及其有关属，共7属，13种，3变种，1变型的花粉形 态。通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜，对其花粉的形状、外壁的层次及纹饰等进行了观察。经过研 究，笔者认为：  菰属应置于禾本科稻族内；菰属在稻族内的演化及菰属内的种间演化均存在 平行演化的现象；菰属在全世界有4种2亚种。这些结论大都吻合笔者对其它形态特征的研 究结果。     

裂瓜属的研究

The classical and numerical taxonomy, palynology and the geographical dis- tribution of the Genus Schizopepon are dealt with in the present paper.  Having comme- nted on various opinions regarding the systematic position of the genus, the present au- thors consider that C. Jeffrey’s treatment of Schizopepon as a new and monogeneric tri- be, Schizopeponeae, should be supported.      The gross morphological characters in the genus are assessed from the taxonomic point of view.  Some characters, such as stamens with an elongated connective or not, different insertions of ovules and various forms of ovaries and fruits, may be used for distinguishing subgenera.      The pollen grains of all the species were observed under light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).  The results show that a strong differentiation has taken place in the pollen of the genus, and in consequence it may be regarded as an important basis for dividing subgenera and species. Especially it should be pointed out that degrees of development of colpi and positions of ora are positively correlated with the external characters used for distinguishing subgenera.      According to the morphological and palynological characters, the genus Schizopepon may be divided into three subgenera and eight species: 1. Subgenus Schizopepon: 5 spe- cies, S. bryoniaefolius Maxim., S. monoicus A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang, S. dioicus Cogn., S. longipes Gagnep. and S. macranthus Hand.-Mazz.; 2. Subgenus Rhynchocarpos A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang: 1 species, S. bomiensis A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang; 3. Subgenus Neoschi- zopepon A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang: 2 species, S. bicirrhosus (C. B. Clarke) C. Jeffrey and S. xizangensis A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang.      The 8 OTU’s including all the species of this genus and 31 characters, of which 16 are morphological characters and 15 palynological characters, were used in the numerical taxonomic treatment.  After standardization of characters, the correlation and distance matrices were computed.  The correlation matrices are made to test the various clustering methods.  At last, the UPGMA clustering method was selected and its result is shown in the form of phenogram.  The result of numerical analysis is similar to that of the classical classification.      Schizopepon Maxim. is a genus of East Asia-Himalayan distribution. China has all 8 species and 2 varieties, of which 6 species are endemic. Based on the statistics of spedies number, the distribution centre of the genus is considered to be in the Hengduan Mountains (Yangtze-Mekong-Salwin water divides) and the adjacent areas of the southwest China.     

沙棘的生态地理分布及其植物地理学意义

沙棘hippophae rhamnoides subsp．sinensis是分布于我国境内的一个亚种，是沙棘属中的原始类群。沙棘的分布区大体呈西南—东北走向，从西藏东北部起，经黄土高原，直至大兴安岭西南角。本文通过对分布区与各生态因子等量线相似性比较，并结合野外考察，探讨了沙棘对各生态因子的耐性限度、最适值以及限制因子。研究发现，沙棘灌丛不仅有一个比较稳定的分布区，而且受大的气候带的控制，表现出明显的水平地带性规律，其分布与我国的三大地理气候区分异规律相一致，正处在我国三大植被区的过渡地带。因而，沙棘的分布可以作为我国三大植被区分界的一个标志，这打破了以往认为灌丛没有明显水平地带性规律的概念。另外，本文还就沙棘分布区与建立人工沙棘园及我国种植制度区划和植树造林之间的关系进行了讨论。     

苦竹亚族的修订

This paper deals with the taxa of tribe Arundinarieae Steud. subtribe Pleiobalastinae Keng and Keng f. which comprised three genera (Pseudosasa Makino, Pleioblastus Nakai and Brachystachyum Keng) when it was established in 1957. With the analysis of morphological characters and geographical distribution, a number of revisions connected with the taxon are made as follows:      (1)  Genus Brachystachyum Keng is transferred to the tribe Shibataeeae Nakai ac- cording to its false inflorescence.      (2)  Genus Pseudosasa Makino is transferred to subtribe Sasinae Keng f. according to our study on the numerical taxonomic method.      (3)  Some species of Pleioblastus Nakai established by Keng and Keng f. should be revised. Pleioblastus actinotrichus (Merr. and Chun) Keng f. should be Ampelocalamus actinotrichus (Merr. and Chun) S. L. Chen, T. H. Wen and G. Y. Sheng in subtribe Tham- nocalaminae Keng f.; Pleioblastus dolichanthus (Keng) Keng f. is the synonym of Sinobam- busa tootsik (Sieb.) Makino, belonging to tribe Shibataeeae Nakai. The rest species remain in this genus. Since the genus Pleioblastus is related to genus Arundinaria Michaux., subtribe Pleioblastus Keng and Keng f. does not seem to have a reason to be retained as a subtribe in tribe Arundinarieae Steud., according to the newest Code (1978). A part of it should be a synonym of subtribe Arundinariinae and we may cite it as follows: Subtribe Arundinariinae——Subtribe Pleioblastinae Keng and Keng f. pro parte, syn. nov. The other parts of it should be transferred to other subtribes or tribes.       In addition, one new variety in Branchystachyum, two new species, one new variety in Pseudosasa and six new species, three new varieties in Pleioblastus, are described in this paper.     

紫斑牡丹及其一新亚种

本文回顾了有关紫斑牡丹的调查和分类历史。它曾被混同于 P．suffruticosa,P．papaveracea 及P．suffruticosa var．papaveracea。它以叶2至3回羽状复叶,小叶17～33,花瓣白色,基部有大紫斑, 花丝黄色,花盘和柱头淡黄色区别于近缘种。种下分化为两个异域的亚种;秦岭北坡的紫斑牡丹小叶全 部或大部分分裂,是一个新亚种,P．rockii subsp．taibaishanica,而P.rockii subsp．linyanshanii T.Hong et G．L.ostii则是P．rockii subsp．rockii的多余名。     

亚洲西部和欧洲东南部芍药属的一个亚种

 根据存于欧洲一些大标本馆的大量标本的观察,分布于希腊爱琴海东部、土耳其南部、塞浦路斯、黎巴嫩、叙利亚、伊拉克北部的Paeonia mascula与欧洲中部至巴尔干半岛的均不相同,可确认为一个独立的亚种。绝大多数个体总有一些小叶全裂,因此小叶及裂片数为(9)12～18(23);小叶宽椭圆形至卵圆形,通常两面无毛或背面疏生柔毛。     

鹅绒藤类群的化学分类

 本文通过形态学和植物化学的比较研究探讨了鹅绒藤类群的分类等级问题。  化学资料表明，广义鹅绒藤属的地梢瓜组含有萝藦科中甚为独特的黄酮醇成分，而未检出普遍存在于这一类群的C21甾体化合物。  作者认为黄酮醇是新等级地梢瓜属的特征成分。  通过对狭义鹅绒藤属、白前属、地梢瓜属、隔山消属和杯冠藤属的分析，认为隔山消组和杯冠藤组也应恢复其属级地位。