RAPD标记及其在植物育种上的应用

对RAPD标记的基本原理及其在植物育种上的应用进行了综述，讨论了RAPD标记的优点及局限性，展望了其应用前景。     

RAPD的研究与应用进展

概述了DNA分子标记中RAPD的由来及其原理,叙述了RAPD在遗传学理论、遗传育种等许多方面的作用和最新研究应用进展.     

RAPD与AFLP分子标记的研究应用进展

通过对RAPD、AFLP两种分子标记的原理、特点及应用的综述 ,表明这两种分子标记各有其特有的优势和不足 ,可有选择地应用于不同领域 ,并展望了它们的应用前景。     

DNA分子标记在林木遗传育种中的应用及进展

DNA分子标记是目前林木遗传育种研究中使用最为广泛的一种分子标记技术,本文综述了分子标记的发展过程,介绍了DNA分子标记在林木育种上应用情况,认为RAPD分子标记技术更适用于林木辅助选择育种。     

分子标记及其在甘薯种质资源和遗传育种中的应用

植物分子生物学和植物生物技术利用分子标记技术得到了大力发展,分子标记的创新、发展与应用对其起了积极的推动作用,本文就RFLP、AFLP、RAPD、DAF、SSR、CAPS分子标记的原理与技术及其在甘薯种质资源和遗传育种中的应用作一介绍     

DNA标记及其在鱼类中的应用

DNA分子标记是继形态标记、细胞标记和生化标记之后发展起来的一种比较理想的遗传标记技术。本文简要介绍RFLP、RAPD、AFLP、SSR、SNP、EST、mtDNA等DNA分子标记的类型,基本原理和特点,以及分子标记技术在鱼类遗传图谱构建、基因定位和分子标记辅助育种等方面的应用前景予以展望。     

RAPD标记技术及其应用进展

RAPD标记技术是在PCR技术的基础上发展起来的一种运用随机引物扩增,寻找多态性DNA片段遗传标记的分子生物学技术,具有操作简便、敏感性高,容易发现DNA的多态性和通用性等优点.文章简单介绍了RAPD技术在物种的亲缘关系、种质资源的多样性、DNA指纹和种子纯度的鉴定、构建分子标记连锁图、基因定位和数量性状的选择、居群及种系遗传分析和遗传连锁图的构建等方面的应用进展.     

RAPD技术在畜禽遗传变异研究中的应用（综述）

系统介绍了RAPD技术在畜禽品种（系）和类群的鉴定、群体的遗传分化、基因定位、遗传图谱的构建和标记辅助选择等方面的应用，并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

生物技术在小麦育种中的应用

现代生物技术的发展,为小麦育种开拓了新途径。以高分子量麦谷蛋白、醇溶蛋白为代表的蛋白标记,以RAPD、SSR、ISSR、STS、AFLP等为代表的DNA分子标记,以及基因枪、农杆菌和花粉管通道转基因技术已基本成熟,并逐步在小麦育种中得到应用。     

用随机扩增多态DNA技术对太白米基因组DNA的分析

目的：对野生太白米DNA进行分子标记分析，获得DNA指纹谱。方法：用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)标记方法对太白米进行遗传分析。结果：用RAPD标记方法可以从DNA分子水平看出种间差异。结论：本方法可为野生道地品种鉴别提供依据。     

樟树几种生化类型及近缘种的RAPD分析

以樟树（Cinnamomum camphora（L.）Presl）基因组DNA为材料,应用RAPD分子标记手段分析了樟树3种化学类型及3个近缘种的亲缘关系和遗传多样性。结果表明：所选材料在GS=0.19处可划分为4大类群,其中樟树与近缘种之间差异较大,近缘种种内的遗传差异不大,而几种化学类型间有明显的遗传变异,但差异程度明显小于近缘种之间的遗传差异。樟树几种化学类型及近缘种间遗传多样性明显,樟树的遗传变异丰富。     

Genetic linkage map of Brassica campestris L. Using AFLP and RAPD markers

A genetic linkage map comprised of 131 loci was constructed with an F2 population derived from an inter-subspecific cross between Brassica 'qisihai'. The genetic map included 93 RAPD loci, 36 AFLP loci and 2 morphological loci organized into 10 main linkage groups (LGs) and 2 small groups, covering 1810.9cM with average distance between adjacent markers being approximately 13.8cM. The map is suitable for identification of molecular markers linked to important agronomic traits, QTL analysis, and even for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs of Chinese cabbage and turnip.     

RAPD在蔬菜种子纯度鉴定中应用的反应条件优化

随着分子生物学的发展,ＲＡＰＤ（随扩增多态性ＤＮＡ）在越来越多的领域得到应用,但在蔬菜纯度鉴定方面,国内外报道较少,为了更好地将ＲＡＰＤ方法应用于蔬菜种子纯度鉴定,就反应条件进行了探索,以几种蔬菜种子为材料,使用进口ＰＣＲ仪在,对几种蔬菜种子进行ＲＡＰＤ分子过程中,从ＤＮＡ提取方法,模板ＤＮＡ量,Ｍｇ＾２＋浓度,Ｔａｑ－ＤＮＡ聚合酶的量,ｄＮＴＰｓ浓度,随机引物浓度及反应缓冲液的量等几个方面进行研     

红树植物桐花树遗传多样性研究进展

遗传多样性作为生物多样性的重要组成部分,是生态系统多样性和物种多样性的基础.桐花树是热带亚热带海岸红树林树种中的广布种之一,研究其遗传多样性具有重要的理论和实践意义.等位酶,ISSR、RAPD和AFLP等分子标记已用于桐花树的遗传多样性研究中.综述了此方面的研究进展.总体而言,桐花树在物种和种群水平上具有较高的遗传变异水平.     

Clones identification of Sequoia sempervirens (D.Don) Endl.in Chile by using PCR-RAPDs technique

A protocol of polymerase chain reaction-random amplified polymorphic DNAs (PCR-RAPDs) was established to analyse the gene diversity and genotype identification for clones of Sequoia sempervirens (D.Don) Endl.in Chile.Ten (out of 34) clones from introduction trial located in Voipir-Viilarrica,Chile,were studied.The PCR-RAPDs technique and a modified hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) protocol were used for genomic DNA extraction.The PCR tests were carried out employing 10-mer random primers.The amplification products were detected by electrophoresis in agarose gels.Forty nine polymorphic bands were obtained with the selected primers (BG04,BF07,BF 12,BF13,and BF 14) and were ordered according to their molecular size.The genetic similarity between samples was calculated by the Jaccard index and a dendrogram was constructed using a cluster analysis of unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA).Of the primers tested,5 (out of 60) RAPD primers were selected for their reproducibility and high polymorphism.A total of 49 polymorphic RAPD bands were detected out of 252 bands.The genetic similarity analysis demonstrates an extensive genetic variability between the tested clones and the dendrogram depicts the genetic relationships among the clones,suggesting a geographic relationship.The results indicate that the RAPD markers permitted the identification of the assayed clones,although they are derived from the same geographic origin.     

生物分子系统学研究中的RAPD技术

RAPD技术在Williams等人于1990年首先提出后,在检测DNA多态性方面受到了广泛的应用.RAPD技术以其简单、快速、信息量大等特点渗透在基因诊断,法医检测,生物药品的检验,生物种群关系的研究各个领域.以核酸为指标构建的生物系统进化树,不受主观因素的影响,避免了经典植物系统学的人为影响因素,因而受到广泛应用,在分子系统研究中出现了RFLP,RAPDDNA和RNA测序等分子生物学技术,其中RAPD技术不需要经过DNA分子克隆、分子杂交等繁锁步骤,也不需用放射性同位素显示,并且多态性检出率高,因而受到普遍关注.     

Clones identification of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile by using PCR-RAPDs technique

A protocol of polymerase chain reaction-random amplified polymorphic DNAs (PCR-RAPDs) was established to analyse the gene diversity and genotype identification for clones of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile. Ten (out of 34) clones from introduction trial located in Voipir-Villarrica, Chile, were studied. The PCR-RAPDs technique and a modified hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) protocol were used for genomic DNA extraction. The PCR tests were carried out employing 10-mer random primers. The amplification products were detected by electrophoresis in agarose gels. Forty nine polymorphic bands were obtained with the selected primers (BG04, BF07, BF12, BF13, and BF14) and were ordered according to their molecular size. The genetic similarity between samples was calculated by the Jaccard index and a dendrogram was constructed using a cluster analysis of unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA). Of the primers tested, 5 (out of 60) RAPD primers were selected for their reproducibility and high polymorphism. A total of 49 polymorphic RAPD bands were detected out of 252 bands. The genetic similarity analysis demonstrates an extensive genetic variability between the tested clones and the dendrogram depicts the genetic relationships among the clones, suggesting a geographic relationship. The results indicate that the RAPD markers permitted the identification of the assayed clones, although they are derived from the same geographic origin. Project (No. CONICYT-FONDEF PROYECT D01 I 1008) supported by the National Commission of Science and Research of Chile