Portal to the Public: Museum Educators Collaborating with Scientists to Engage Museum Visitors with Current Science

Science museums play a role in creating visitor experiences that relate to contemporary issues in science, and in linking audiences to the scientific enterprise and the community of scientists. In the Portal to the Public approach, science researchers are trained by museum educators with experience in inquiry‐based learning, and are then given opportunities to translate their current research for museum audiences. Portal to the Public offers one solution to museums seeking to sustain a commitment to delivering experiences that reflect the dynamic pace of research, and the need to connect local communities to scientific research occurring in their midst.     

Using & Re-using Archive Information for Multimedia Applications: The Virtual Museum of Italian Computer Science History

The quality of content is a key attribute for assessing the globalquality of a museum application. Unfortunately, producing good content,especially in multimedia digital form, is expensive and time-consuming.One way to reduce the costs without sacrificing quality is to exploitthe concept of information reuse. The idea is to use (portions of) thesame multimedia material in different applications, possibly adapting itfor different contexts, for different categories of users, and fordifferent delivery channels (e.g., on-line and off-line). Informationreuse does not come free. To be effective, it requires a well-organizedenvironment in which information can be easily stored, inspected,retrieved, and adapted for different purposes. This paper describes theapproach adopted in the project ``The Virtual Museum of Italian ComputerScience History', funded by the Italian National Council of Research(CNR). In this project, all the digital material (documents, images,video interviews, etc.) is stored in a digital archive based on amultimedia database with a WWW front-end. The archive is designed forspecialists only: members of the editorial board of the project;researchers in the history of science; application developers (whoare looking for interesting content to include in their CD-ROMs or Websites). Each research group involved in the project extracted andadapted from the digital archive the multimedia material needed to builda different hypermedia application in two ``versions' – WWW andCD-ROM. These applications, both on-line and off-line, strongly reuse(portions of) the digital archive content, but organize and present itwith a totally different style, to address the needs of non-specialists(e.g., people who have some interest, or curiosity, in the history ofItalian computer science).     

“博物馆信息学“札记

一 　　博物馆信息学(museum informatics)一词近年来频繁地出现在有关博物馆的文献中.这是博物馆及其相关的文化教育设施大量使用信息技术的一种反映,是专业人员利用情报学(信息科学)的理论和知识来研究博物馆现象的结果.“博物馆为信息科学的专业工作者提供了一个独特的研究知识的积累、分析和传播的独特环境.“(1)信息技术在博物馆的广泛应用,新博物馆信息系统的建立更为这种研究增添了新的内容.因此,我们可以像生物信息学(bioinformatics)那样,将博物馆信息学定义为应用信息科学的理论、知识和技术来研究博物馆的科学.(2)……     

图书馆学学科项目管理方法研究

通过对图书馆学类的有公开刊号的正式出版的24种专业期刊中搜集、整理2009-2013年学术课题类论文,全面、客观、真实地反映图书馆学课题研究及管理工作的现状和不足,发现问题并提出解决策略。     

Portable Computers & Interactive Multimedia: A New Paradigm for Interpreting Museum Collections

This paper describes a GEMISIS doctoral research project nearing completion at the University of Salford, U.K. and offers some preliminary findings. The aim of the project was to design an interactive multimedia application for a portable computer in a museum setting, to assess the application as an aid to interpretation and to examine its impact on the visitor's understanding and enjoyment of the museum experience. It will discuss the introduction of portable computers into museum galleries, briefly describe the design and development process of the interactive multimedia application, review the methodology employed and provide a summary of preliminary findings.     

科学博物馆与知识经济

科学博物馆在知识经济中的作用与面临的要求科学博物馆在知识经济中的作用科学博物馆不仅是收藏和研究的机构,更是一个社会教育机构,它担负着向全社会公众传播科学的任务,它是公众接受终身教育的重要场所。知识的生产和分配的目的是使用。科学博物馆是对包括知识在内的信息进行搜集、研究和传播的机构。对于知识信息进行搜集、研究,并进行加工、整理,这可以看作是知识的生产过程;将加工处理后成为公众所易于接受形式的知识信息进行传播展示,这可以看作是知识的分配过程;而科学博物馆的收藏、研究和展示教育工作,其目的就是促进有关…     

Working at Play: Informal Science Education on Museum Playgrounds

Abstract This article discusses the importance of play in informal science education and the growth of science playgrounds as an international trend among museums to create safe, challenging outdoor environments that use play to explore the foundations of science. Play is characterized by intrinsic motivation, active engagement, attention to means rather than ends, non‐literal behavior, and freedom from external rules, a means for acquiring information about and experiencing the environment. Successful exhibitions for children and families share these qualities and outdoor exhibitions encourage a degree of exploration and full‐body experience often not possible nor appropriate inside a museum. Two case studies are provided as evidence of the importance of play in the interpretation and design of science playgrounds. The first, Science Playground at the New York Hall of Science (opened 1997), uses an interpretive strategy in which evaluation and remediation are continually incorporated into the educational process. Experimental workshops were conducted to observe children's intuitive uses of the physics‐based exhibits, uninhibited by any authoritative explanations. From this evaluation, the institution elected not to produce interpretive signage at each unit, but rather to develop a guide for visitors and one for educators that outline the exhibition's basic physics principles and encourage visitors to experiment and make connection to their own experiences. The second case study, Exploration Park at Prisma, Zona Exploratoria de Puerto Rico in San Juan (opening 2002), outlines ten design criteria used to develop the playground. These include bringing together a diverse team to respond to institutional and audience needs, ages, interests, and cultural backgrounds; creating a specific sense of place, making use of the local environment and taking advantage of natural elements including water, soil, wind, and sun. Practical considerations of safety, materials, and prototyping are also addressed. The article concludes with the idea of play as essential not only in child development, but also in development of successful outdoor science exhibitions.     

科研人才评价研究综述

科研人才评价是人才评价的重要组成部分,也是一项重要的研究课题.从人才、科研人才的概念出发,全面地阐述了科研人才素质测评、科研人才评价理论与方法及三级评价指标的研究.     

新一代图书馆学家及其时代使命

80年代进入图书馆界的图书馆学家现已成为我国图书馆管理和图书馆学研究的主要力量，论述了这一代图书馆学家的特征和时代使命。提出应重点加强技术图书馆学、制度图书馆学和人文图书馆学的研究和建设。     

国家科技项目引入监理机制的分析研究

国家科技项目中引入监理机制,是科技管理制度的创新与改革.通过第三方监理机构监管科技项目,对科技项目实施过程进行"全程跟踪"管理,转变政府部门的部分职能.探索和研究目前国家科技项目引入监理制度,分析科技项目监理特殊性以及现状与存在的问题,提出规范科技项目监理制度、建立有效的市场竞争机制等建设性建议.     

试论博物馆科学技术现代化

博物馆的科学技术现代化是经济全球化下博物馆的发展趋势。现代科学技术已渗透到博物馆的陈列展览．文物保护．宣传教育．学术研究和日常管理等工作中．尤其是信息网络技术催生的数字化博物馆，给传统博物馆带来了巨大的冲击，目前我国博物馆科学技术现代化的发展很不平衡，主要存在观念陈旧、管理落后和人才科学素质偏低的问题。     

多媒体电子出版物及其编辑与创作研究

本文简述了电子出版物和多媒体电子出版物的概念及特点。重点分析了多媒体电子出版物的研制过程与方法，如选题论证、总体策划、资源准备、集成整合等