情感教育:人文知识内化为人文素质的机制

情感教育是人文知识内化为人文素质、人文精神的机制。情感教育促使人文知识内化的过程应从情感体验、情感渗透、情感转移三个层面考察。情感教育在人文教育中的功能可从启动、认知、协调三个方向拓展     

Organizing higher education in a knowledge society

The integration of higher education systems in the Western world has led both to development of overall strategies for the organization of higher education institutions by public authorities, as well as to strategies by higher education institutions aiming to position themselves within emerging higher education systems. This article first asks whether these developments represent converging or path dependent trends before it sketches a conceptual point of departure for the analysis of the relationship between institutions in higher education systems based on the effects of integration on academic hierarchies and functional specialization. Then I discuss how recent attempts at integrating higher education systems in Europe and the US may affect the relationship between institutions in the light of conceptions of education as a process by which students learn to learn or by which they learn specific occupational skills. Thirdly, the development is situated in a wider context where the relationship between different types of institutions are considered in relation to the spread of an extended and more utility oriented concept of knowledge. Finally, I consider briefly some possible future developments based on how modern capitalist and public managerialist knowledge regimes constitute conditions for higher education integration.     

Asia Pacific science education in a knowledge society

Science education, since the end of the nineteenth century has been a formal vehicle to ensure the perpetuation of scientific knowledge necessary for general scientific literacy and the creation of a society of scientists. However, since then, beliefs about knowledge and knowing have changed from science being described as being just a pile of chronologically documented facts, through the dynamic growth of scientific knowledge as explained by Kuhn in his Structure of Scientific Revolutions, to the present twenty-first century concept of knowledge societies by which new scientific knowledge is being interpreted. Science education perspectives in relation to teacher education and pedagogies need to be frequently revisited. Indeed, many nations in the Asia-Pacific region are doing just that. How then is the teaching and learning of scientific knowledge in the region? This article will review and compare research related to science achievement, quality of science education and approaches to teaching science in the Asia-Pacific region in particular five nations, in an attempt to answer this question.     

The knowledge society and the internationalization of Japanese higher education

The internationalization of higher education is considered to be a major policy agenda in the global knowledge society. For Japan, internationalization has been a key driver in academic and social advancement, while its traditional culture and national identity have also been retained. Recently, a series of policies have been presented by the government, university, and industry to attract more students and top calibre researchers from Asia and further afield, and to enhance exchange and collaboration, internationalization at home, and global human resource development. Concurrently, the controversial nature of internationalization has been pointed out, as well as the stagnant mobility of Japanese students and their inward-looking attitude. This paper discusses the internationalization of Japanese higher education by examining the relevant policy, practice, and perceptions of the people and institutions concerned. The major findings reveal the complexity of internationalization as a dynamic process of change, its vulnerability and marginality, and the extent of the gap between policy and practice. The author also addresses the increased relevance of the research in this field to policy-making and practice in education and its contribution to the production of new knowledge.     

试论知识社会中高等工程教育学习支持系统建构

随著知识社会发展趋势在我国日趋明朗,知识社会的特征也日趋清晰,它向高等工程教育提出了新的挑战.我们应整合各种学习理论,建构新的工程观、学习观和学习环境观,充分重视学习环境对学生的学习结果和学习成绩的影响,建构适合高等工程教育的整合课堂与课外,学校与社会,物资、自然、社会和文化的大学生学习支持系统.提出一个由活动支持子系统、目标-任务支持子系统、学习策略支持子系统、环境支持子系统和学习评价支持子系统构成的高等工程专业学习支持系统.高等工程教育学习支持系统具有重要的教育意义,它拓宽了工程学习的时空观,强化了学习支持服务和指导,整合了工程专业的显性知识和隐性知识,优化了高等工程教育系统.     

新闻专业通识教育应以培养能力为主

高校通识教育不完全是专业教育的基础。通识教育应注重思维方式这些深层次素质的培养：要注重对能力的培养而不是知识的灌输;要注重与专业教育的联系而不是与之脱节;要注重采取多种形式全面实施。新闻传播类专业尤其应当如此。知识面的拓宽不以量为旨,重要的是要求质,要注意优化知识结构,注重能力的培养：首先是思维能力的培养;其次是以写作能力为主的动手能力的培养。     

Contours of the emergent knowledge society: Theoretical debate and implications for higher education research

The idea of the knowledge society is becoming increasingly dominant in various public and scholarly writings. Several governments have reacted by advocating a further expansion of higher education in order to provide a highly skilled workforce. This seems at odds with views regarding the underutilisation of skills of employed graduates. This paper sketches some major characteristics of the emergent knowledge society from sociological, epistemological and economic viewpoints. Next, it discusses current research on the incidence of overeducation. It is pointed out that measures on overeducation are inaccurate and do not take into account changes in the emergent knowledge societies. The paper concludes with implications for future research on the nature and change of knowledge-based occupations.     

论大学人文教育与科学教育的融合

作者认为 ,和而不同是人文教育和科学教育融合的前提 ;人文中体现科学基础、科学中内含人文精神是人文教育和科学教育融合的中介 ;素质教育是人文教育和科学教育的基本途径。     

Liberal studies in technical education

‘Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.’ Francis Bacon.

‘There must be a reasonable fusion of the humanities as well as mathematics, science and technology in the courses.’ Parliamentary and Scientific Committee Memorandum on Higher Education, July 1954.     

论高职教育主体下的通识教育路径

在知识经济时代,高职教育在现代科技文化发展、职业需求多元、就业竞争加剧等多重压力下,必须走出急功近利的短期行为的误区,寻求通过实施通识教育培养全人和对精神教化的历史责任。高职院校实施通识教育,应着眼于理念、知识、行为三个层次的教育结构,构建以入文知识、哲学社会科学知识、文艺心理知识、生活体验为基本主线,并具有高职教育特色的通识教育体系。     

Liberal education: An overlapping pragmatic consensus

In reviewing the course of liberal education in the US during the 20th century, Bruce Kimball in 1995 proposed that a pragmatic consensus was emerging about the understanding of liberal education. The two-fold tradition of liberal education, with its shifting emphases and accommodations between 'orators' and 'philosophers,' was being transformed into a 'new American tradition of liberal education deeply rooted in the resurgent intellectual tradition of pragmatism'. A number of different, even contradictory, criticisms of Kimball's thesis have been offered concerning the existence and nature of such a consensus and its relationship(s) to pragmatism. We suggest that the consensus thesis and the criticisms it has encountered might be best understood by comparing it to Rawls's idea of an 'overlapping consensus'. Comparing and contrasting Kimball's project and Rawls's approach suggests that the emerging consensus concerning liberal education at the beginning of the 21st century is an overlapping consensus, that is, a consensus whose nature is pragmatic, as well as a consensus whose substantive tenets are rationalized by pragmatism. Understanding the consensus in this way accounts for the varied criticism that Kimball's thesis has received and makes a significant difference in understanding the theory and practice of liberal education in the 21st century.     

西方科学教育与人文教育关系的历史演变

科学教育与人文教育是一对对立统一的矛盾。在西方历史上,人文教育以人的心性完善为目标,注重理智的培养,率先在历史上确立了自己的地位。近代科学的发展促成了科学教育的形成,它的实用性和针对性适应了社会的发展,并逐渐取代了人文教育的社会主导地位。然而,科学教育的过度膨胀带来了对文明社会的破坏,人们重新呼唤人文教育的复归。科学教育与人文教育从相互排斥逐步走向相互融合是一种趋势。     

知识经济社会下中等职业教育课程设置的思考

知识经济社会的发展对劳动者提出了新的要求，针对当前中等职业教育课程设置存在的问题．提出应根据知识经济社会的要求去培养高素质的劳动者，并提出较为具体的课程设置建议。