The Relationship between Increasing Enrolment and Student Academic Achievement in Higher Education

This article reports on a study of which the main aim was to provide insight into whether increasing the enrolment of large classes influences student academic achievement at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), City, South Africa. The massification of higher education has led to greater numbers of students being enrolled in contact programmes. there is a widely accepted inverse relationship between class size and academic achievement for small class sizes and it would be speculative to extend the same understanding to larger class sizes. It is within this context that a cross-sectional study was conducted during which student achievement was analysed against increasing the enrolment of already large classes, in selected undergraduate modules at UKZN over a period of four years. convenience sampling and judgemental sampling were used to select modules in the discipline of Supply Chain Management (SCM). The findings revealed that while the average class size increased significantly, the pass rates remained constant. Based on the study findings, it was concluded that an increase in the enrolment of already large classes does not influence student academic achievement. It is recommended that the study be replicated in other schools and faculties where disciplines have experienced similar increases in the enrolment of large classes, thereby presenting an opportunity to either validate or dispute the study results. It is further recommended that the role of peer effects be subjected to further study to establish whether they have any influence on academic achievement. These results are expected to encourage future debate on how faculties manage increasing student enrolments at higher education institutions.     

Social-Economic Factors,Student Factors,Student Academic Goals and Performance of Students in Institutions of Higher Learning in Uganda

This article evaluates the relationship between social-economic factors, students’ factors, student academic goals and performance of students. The study adopts a cross-sectional survey, with largely quantitative approaches. A sample of 950 students was randomly and proportionately drawn from undergraduates in four institutions of higher learning. A response rate of 61% was recorded. We observed significant positive relationships between student factors (except competence in quantitative subjects and grades earned in high school) and student performance, as well as student learning goals and student academic performance. We did not observe a significant relationship between socio-economic factors and student performance at higher institutions. The model was significant, and explained 47% of the variation in student performance. The study recommends that higher institutions should place considerable emphasis on inculcating a reading/preparation culture among students, enforce attendance at lectures and encourage students to set learning goals, if they are to improve the performance of their students.     

全球学生流动的特点、影响因素与趋势

本文在联合国教科文组织、经合组织和美国国际教育协会2018年发布的全球学生流动数据基础上，结合相关文献，探究了全球学生流动的特点、影响因素与趋势。研究发现：全球学生流动呈现出流入流出区域较为集中、硕博层次流动比例高、STEM领域流动性强等特点；全球学生流动受到政策、经济和教育等方面因素的影响；其趋势表现为美英两国的国际学生增速放缓，加澳两国有望成为接收国际学生的新增长极，东亚和东非的学生流动性将有所提高。建议评估影响国际学生选择的可能因素，加快和扩大教育对外开放，建设留学教育强国。     

Factors Influencing Student Acceptance of Mobile Learning in Higher Education

The purpose of this study was to explore the acceptance of mobile learning by students in a higher education setting. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) was extended to include hedonic motivation, operationalized as enjoyment, as well as social influence in a field study involving the adoption of iPad mobile devices. Survey data were collected from 171 college students and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicated that enjoyment and performance expectations were important factors influencing the acceptance of mobile learning in this context. For those engaged in the mobile learning pilot project upon which this study was based, the use of the UTAUT and the results provided a theory-based empirical approach to support an assessment that the pilot project goals were achieved. Overall, students perceived iPads to be useful and enjoyable tools for accomplishing educational tasks and improving learning outcomes.     

澳大利亚高校本科教学绩效评估之管窥

澳大利亚联邦教育、科学与培训部及相关教育机构对本科教学质量进行评估的重要方式之一是针对全体毕业生进行绩效评估。本文介绍了澳大利亚全国性的绩效评估工具,着重描述了联邦教育、科学与培训部结果绩效指标的数据来源、处理和应用,并就这种评估所存在的问题进行了阐述。     

爱尔兰高等教育评估中的学生参与机制

爱尔兰高等教育部门在博洛尼亚进程的推动下,积极建立学生参与高等教育评估机制。学生不仅可以加入质量评估部门、外部评估组和参与院校内部自评过程,甚至还能以评估组成员的身份参加评估考察,撰写评估报告,参与评估后续行动程序。尽管爱尔兰高等教育部门已经确立了全面全过程的学生参与模式,构建了多元利益相关者的网络组织,建立了积极有效的国际合作机制,但是学生参与机制中还存在一些问题亟待解决,譬如法律制度的完善、活动经费的保障以及重新定位问题等。     

高校学生权力的探索

在持续深入的社会转型所引发的社会变迁面前，高等教育领域也发生了深刻的变化，长期隐蔽着的学生权力问题正逐渐突显出来。从“公民”的角度、从市场的角度可以帮助我们更好地把握高校学生权力的内涵。而通过提高教师和学校管理人员的法律意识和法律知识水平，建立尊重学生权力的学校管理制度，加快高等教育法律、法规建设，加强组织机构建设等，可以系统地维护和保障学生权力。     

英国高等教育评估中的学生参与机制研究

英国高等教育部门在总结国内外经验的基础上,建立了学生参与高等教育评估的机制。学生不仅参与质量管理与决策、参加院校内部定期评估,还在外部评估中提交学生报告、出席学生会议,甚至还参加院校的审核或审查。英国高等教育部门在高等教育评估中树立了以学生为中心的评估理念,构建了全面和全过程的学生参与机制,确立了广泛的合作伙伴关系,建立了积极的国际合作机制。     

有效学生课业考评与高师公共心理学教学改革

公共心理学在高等师范院校中是一门重要的基础课程,对于培养合格的师范生有重要的意义。然而,目前我国高师公共心理学教学现状是不尽如人意的。引进有效的课业考评的方式可能是促进高师公共心理学教学的有效手段。本文介绍了目前在教育界几种引人注目的新兴的评价方式在公共心理学教学中的应用。     

Personality,Gender and Student Performance at a South African University

Abstract

This article reports on a study that tested theory predicting differences in personality endowments between first-year and second-year accounting students, as well as the potential influence of personality on academic performance in the context of a large South African university. Data from 1 380 first-year and second-year accounting students was used to test theory predicting gendered differences in the relationships between personality and both throughput and performance. Multiple linear regression and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) estimations were applied. The findings suggested that fewer students with openness and agreeableness continue to second-year accounting studies. While conscientiousness might not be a primary differentiator of performance at first year, at second year it dominates as a predictor of performance. The findings are expected to generalise to other contexts to the extent that such contexts share characteristics with the context under study.     

大学生参与度评价:高教质量评估的新视角——美国“全国学生参与度调查”的解析

美国"全国学生参与度调查"(NSSE)是一项在全国范围内调查四年制本科学生对有效学习活动投入程度的年度研究.该调查通过对"学生投入到有效学习活动中的时间与精力"以及"高校在多大程度上促进学生更好地参与"这两大因素的分析来评价学生的学习效度和高等院校的质量.NSSE调查注重学生真实的学习经验,关注高校的教学能力,是一项真正基于学生学习和高校教学的院校评价方式.     

美国高校学生事务与学术事务关系的新发展--加强学生事务与学术事务的合作

在强调学生学习的背景下,美国高等教育领域的研究者和管理者大力倡导加强学生事务与学术事务的合作。本文首先回顾了加强学生事务与学术事务合作的背景,其次从理论基础和具体实践两个层面论述了美国学生事务与学术事务的合作,最后提出了要正视合作的障碍、创造合作的环境和在更宽广的背景中理解合作伙伴关系的价值及内容等几点思考。     

透视美国高等教育中的学生学习结课评价

学生学习结果评价是美国高等教育评价由关注资源输入到全面注重受教育者学习结果的一次转变。它侧重评价学生学习后所获得的各方面知识、能力和品质。该评价成为一场运动的主要原因是培养高技能劳动力的需求、政府问责的加强以及认证组织的推动。学生学习结果评价的实施在政府、高校以及专业、课堂等众多层面展开,并表现出以学生为中心的价值取向、评价参与者广泛以及评价方法灵活多样等特点。     

The Methodological Challenges of Measuring Student Learning,Degree Attainment,and Early Labor Market Outcomes in Higher Education

The main objective of this study is to empirically test a number of theory-based models (i.e., fixed effects [FE], random effects [RE], and aggregated residuals [AR]) to measure the generic knowledge as well as the degree attainment rates and early labor outcomes gained by students in different programs and institutions in higher education. Our results show the importance of addressing the issue of student selection into programs and institutions in order to reduce selection bias, and they provide suggestive evidence in favor of using FE models. Our findings also confirm our hypotheses that rankings of specific college-program combinations change depending on the different educational and labor outcome measures considered. This finding emphasizes the need to use complementary indicators related to the mission of the specific postsecondary institutions that are being ranked. Given the sensitivity of the models to different model specifications, it is not clear whether they should be used to make any high-stakes decisions in higher education. They could, however, serve as part of a broader set of indicators to support programs and colleges as part of a formative evaluation.     

美国高校学生的学术不诚信现象、理论解释及其对策

美国高校中普遍存在着学生学术不诚信的现象,对此,学者们从不同的角度做了理论解释.总的看来,它受个人道德发展水平、个体特征和环境等多方面因素的影响.美国高校从这些方面着手寻找治理对策,在创造良好的学术环境、纠正学生学术不诚信行为方面积累了宝贵的经验,对我国高校的诚信教育具有一定的借鉴意义.     

影响高职生学习动机和绩效的相关因素分析

从高职生的生源、心智、能力、环境等几方面入手,分析了影响高职生学习动机和绩效的几种主要因素,并借此提出一些培养、激发和维持其学习动机的一些方法,进一步提高学习绩效。     

高中生高等教育需求影响因素分析

本研究应用对北京、湖北、江苏、陕西四地10 909名高中生进行的大规模调查数据,探讨了中国高中生的高等教育需求及其影响因素。研究发现,有92.3%的中国学生选择高中毕业后希望继续接受高等教育,这一比例远高于中国高等教育系统的实际供给能力。通过因素分析,发现有6个因素,即“高等教育价值”、“自我感知”、“他人影响”、“家庭支持”、“个人追求”和“职业偏好”可能对学生的高等教育需求具有潜在的影响。逻辑回归分析的结果表明,这6个因素中除“他人影响”对学生的高等教育需求没有显著影响之外,其他因素对学生的高等教育需求都具有显著影响。本研究还发现,家庭收入水平对学生的高等教育需求具有一定程度的影响;不同地方高中生的高等教育需求存在显著差异;学生的性别、学习成绩对其高等教育需求具有显著影响;普通高中学生的高等教育需求也显著高于职业高中的学生。     

Improving Performance Indicators in Higher Education: The academics' perspective

Performance Indicators (PIs) are playing an increasingly important role in many western governments' approach to the management of higher education (HE) institutions, and this includes Australia. However, the introduction of PIs by these governments in the HE sector has been far from smooth. The literature on the limitations of PIs, particularly in research and teaching, are plentiful. This paper argues that an effective way to improve the application of PIs is to obtain input from university academics. It starts with a survey of the attitudes of Australian academics from four representative universities towards the application of PIs in their institutions. Although this was found to be generally negative, the academics did point out some strengths in the current PI system. Reasons for their dissatisfaction with the indicators were also covered, such as the inability of the current indicators to capture the dimensions of academic work, and privileging research over teaching. Furthermore, the academics provided numerous suggestions for improving the application of PIs in HE.     

Perceptions of Black Student Athletes About Academic Mentorship at a Predominantly White Institution in Higher Education

The purpose of this study was to investigate and describe the mentorship experiences of Black student athletes attending undergraduate programs at a Predominantly White Institution in Higher Education (PWI-HE). The research site for this study was a co-educational public research institution (PWI-HE) with an approximate enrollment of 45,000 students. A total of six Black student athletes (five African American and one Jamaican) agreed to participate in this study. Four major interrelated and complex themes emerged from the data analyses. These themes were: (a) mentoring study habits and routines, (b) mentoring academic schedule and time management, (c) personal development within an isolated environment, and (d) family members’ support and encouragements. To better support Black student athletes at PWI-HEs, athletic department administrators, coaches, faculty, and all students should be encouraged to respect, value, and embrace the racial identities, origins, languages, and cultures of the student athletes that are being mentored.     

基础教育阶段学生学业成就评价体系的国际比较

近年来,在世界教育改革强调教育问责和国际学生学业成就评价的影响下,美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚、日本等国高度重视基础教育质量,并通过组织全国性学生学业成就评价来实施监测.本文基于已有研究成果,以比较的视角,探讨了21世纪以来新一轮全国性学生学业成就评价兴起的背景、评价标准、实施状况、评价结果的报告与利用等,旨在为我国的基础教育质量监测提供借鉴.