Evaluating the Student Loan Fund of Thailand

The Thai higher education sector has expanded quickly during the past decade, making a transition from an elitist to a mass institution. A driving force behind the expansion was believed to be the Student Loan Fund (SLF), introduced in 1996. During the first 10 years of its operation, the SLF has lent to more than 2.6 million students, with the loan value totaling $5.7 billion. However, there has been no systematic evaluation of the scheme. This paper provides a very first attempt to evaluate the SLF. We found that it had serious weaknesses in terms of loan screening; delay in loan disbursement and low collection rate. We also found that it failed to promote enrollment in higher education, except for students from poor households.     

Thailand's Student Loans Fund: Interest rate subsidies and repayment burdens

Government student loan schemes typically have implicit interest rate subsidies which, while these are a cost to taxpayers, they have the benefit of diminishing repayment burdens for graduates. Our goal is to illustrate the extent of both interest rate subsidies and repayment burdens with respect to Thailand's Student Loans Fund (SLF), using methods pioneered in measurement terms by 18 and 19.     

Student loans for higher education in Singapore: some observations

The higher education system of Singapore is seen as crucial for the economic prosperity of the country. It is highly elitist, with fierce competition for limited places, and high private returns. In 1989 the Government announced a policy of reducing subsidies for higher education, in order to reduce the financial burden on the tax-payer, increase expenditure on other levels of education and achieve a more equitable distribution of costs. Tuition fees were increased sharply and a new student loan scheme, the Tuition Loan Scheme (TLS), was introduced. There are in addition two other loan schemes in Singapore, the Student Loan Fund (SLF), and the Central Provident Fund (CPF) Approved Education Scheme, under which parents may borrow from their CPF savings in order to finance their children's higher education, but must repay the loan. This article examines the arguments for and against student loans in Singapore, and concludes that the conditions necessary for a successful loan scheme are already in place: full employment, high private returns to higher education, and an efficient banking system and financial infrastructure. In the light of those conditions student loans seem to be an efficient and equitable form of finance for higher education in Singapore.Views do not implicate The National University of Singapore or The International Institute for Population Sciences. I am thankful to Mr Geoffrey Lau, Planning Services Unit, National University of Singapore for some suggestions and assistance. The usual disclaimers are relevant.     

The role of information in the take-up of student loans

We study student loan behavior in the Netherlands where (i) higher education students know little about the conditions of the government's financial aid program and (ii) take-up rates are low. In a field experiment we manipulated the amount of information students have about these conditions. The treatment has no impact on loan take-up, which is not due to students already having decided to take a loan or students not absorbing the information. We conclude that a lack of knowledge about specific policy parameters does not necessarily imply a binding information constraint.     

An empirical analysis of borrowing behaviour of higher education students in the Netherlands

Many higher education students combine their study with a job on the side instead of taking up a loan. This paper examines the factors underlying this apparently myopic behaviour. We find that standard economic factors explain observed borrowing decisions to some extent. Students with easier access to financial resources borrow less often. Students with good earnings prospects and/or a high discount rate borrow more often, as do students who are prepared to take risks. An important non-standard factor affecting borrowing choices is debt aversion. We also find that a reduction in working hours will only have a limited positive impact on the time spend on studying.     

差别化的贷款利率定价模型设计及系统实现

随着经济社会的发展,银行贷款品种日益增多,如何灵活地控制每种贷款品种的利率浮动水平,以及针对每位客户科学、合理地给出贷款利率价格,具有非常重要的意义.为此,提出一种差别化的贷款利率定价模型,该模型不仅可以实现差别化的利率定价,而且可以严格控制各种贷款品种的最低及最高上浮比例.同时,在该模型中引入信用等级机制,可激励客户向优质客户转变.     

从社会文化视角看源于汉语粤方言的英语词

汉语中的粤方言传入英语的数量多、形式独特,是汉语借词的重要组成部分.这种借词的大量出现有其历史原因和社会原因.本文从社会文化角度分析荚语中汉语粤方言借词的历史及文化成因,揭示汉语粤方言对英语语言和文化产生的重要的影响,透视影响这一进程的社会文化因素.     

关于高校举债办学偿还能力影响因素的探讨

通过分析高等学校举债办学的偿还能力，关注贷款风险，强调适度举债。     

Are federal student loan accountability regulations effective?

Within the education sector, accountability regulations have been used with the intended purpose of improving student outcomes. In higher education, one such regulation aims to improve the ability of borrowers to repay their student loans by placing sanctions on institutions with excessive student loan defaults. This paper examines whether student loan accountability regulations were able to (1) lower student loan defaults, and (2) address the broader objective of improving repayment ability, by exploiting a change to the period in which the regulation’s performance measure was monitored. I find that the change to the regulation resulted in less student loan defaults at for-profit colleges. I also find that this reduction in student loan defaults resulted in a short-term improvement in repayment ability at for-profit, but not nonprofit, institutions.     

就《“古音通假”商兑》谈两个问题

马玉山同志在《“古音通假”商兑》一文中谈到:从时代上区分“借”与“别”,“盘桓”是后起字“徘徊”的借字。本文认为通假是得到社会公认的约定俗成的社会现象与别字无关。并以此与马文商榷,同时也谈了连绵字的借字和别字的问题。     

谈高校举债发展中的几个重要认识

本文对高校举债发展的历史背景、贷款主体、贷款风险控制等几个重要认识做出了科学的评价,有助于贷款高校正确认识举债发展的需求和风险控制,也有助于国家对高校贷款的管理和指导.     

A Study on the Ideographic Trend of Chinese Loan Words in Translation

Based on the redefinition of Chinese loan words and corresponding types of Chinese loan words, this article makes an initiative hypothesis that nowadays the ideographic trend of Chinese loan words is being hastened to a greater degree than before.Depending on the Prototype Models Theory for the types of Chinese loan words, a comprehensive analysis of this trend is made in four aspects:the transfer from transliteration loans to loan translation;the ideographic trend of transliteration loans;the full ideograph of shift loan words;word-for-word translation of loan words.     

我国小额贷款公司的评价与发展策略研究

小额贷款公司的信贷业务具有手续简便、机制灵活、放款速度快等特点,在解决中小企业融资难、规范民间信贷、促进中小企业发展中起到了重要的作用,然而,小额贷款公司在机构定位、监管体制、法律依据与核心规则等方面存在的问题却影响其进一步的可持续性发展,因此,政府应该制定相应的法律法规,采取健全制度、改善发展环境以及创新经营模式等一系列措施,促进小额贷款公司更加规范化发展。     

高校国家助学贷款政策风险与防范的分析和建议

国家助学贷款是“不使一名学生因为家庭经济困难而辍学”的重要保证,是资助困难学生的主渠道。贷款后学生的还款工作却日益成为困扰国家和高校的一个重要问题,使国家助学贷款贷后管理成为国家助学贷款风险防范方面研究的重要方向。     

中国早期内国公债探微

息借商款不是中国最早的内国公债,它只是最早由政府公开“发行”的内国公债。“非发行”内国公债早在我国古代社会就已存在,随着社会的发展,到了近代,出现了“印票”及金融机构垫借款形式内国公债,预示着“发行”内国公债已具雏形。     

国家助学贷款实施情况分析研究

国家助学贷款制度是现行资助经济困难学生政策体系的重大举措，为家庭贫困的大学生继续求学带来了新的希望和机遇。只要在实施助学贷款的整个过程中，正确履行职责和义务，这一支持教育的重大举措一定能发挥应有的功能和作用。     

房贷数据回归模型合理性的实证研究

银行房屋抵押贷款数据中有两个重要指标,权利价值和贷款金额.根据实际房贷数据,用单位贷款金额和单位权利价值建立一个线性回归模型.使用高杠杆值对模型进行分析诊断,探测出数据中的强影响点后,再建立一个改良模型.最后根据统计分析结果对银行房贷工作提出合理化建议.     

书信中语篇人际意义的实现——从对“A Soldier’s Last Letter”语言的分析谈起

结合功能语言学理论,以“A Soldier’s Last Letter”中的部分段落为例进行分析,可以展示如何通过语气系统和情态系统来进行选择形成语篇,从而突显语言选择对语篇人际意义实现的重要性以及功能语言学在分析文学作品时的可行性。     

团体贷款的经验对我国国家助学贷款问题的启示

团体贷款实际上是一种小额信贷,它在解决贫困的贷款者缺乏资产抵押,只能以个人信用作为担保的实践中获得了极大的成功.虽然它产生还不到半个世纪,但因其骄人的还贷率,被世界上50多个国家和地区所效仿,在提高贫困者的消费水平、教育支出,实现社会公平等方面取得了突出成绩.我国的国家助学贷款也是采取商业性的信用贷款,由于个人信用难以约束,大学生的助学贷款还贷违约率迅速攀升,贷款纠纷愈来愈多,许多商业银行开始对国家助学贷款惜贷甚至停贷.本文通过对国家助学贷款存在问题的分析,提出了借鉴团体贷款的经验建立新型国家助学贷款制度的对策建议.     

Evaluating South Korea’s Introduction of an Income Contingent Loan Program

Research in Higher Education - In 2010, South Korea introduced a new student loan program that was income contingent (ICL). One of the main expected outcomes of the new loan program was to provide...