略式明喻

明喻是最普通而又最显著的一种比喻。明喻的常见格式是:本体事物和喻体事物同时并举,并且在两者之间,用一个比喻词来表示它们的比喻关系.如: ①车队象一条河,缓缓地流在深冬的风里……例①里,“车队”是本体事物,“河”是喻体事物,“象”是比喻词. 这种明喻,结构完备,修辞上称之为详式明喻。除了详式明喻,还有一种明喻,不用比喻词,而把本体事物和喻体事物排成对偶、排比等句式.如:     

谈谈明喻、暗喻、借喻的区别

谈谈明喻、暗喻、借喻的区别比喻是选用事物的相似点（喻体）形象生动说明、描述本事物（本体）的一种修辞方式。常见的比喻有明喻、暗喻、借喻。明喻是明显地以喻体说明、描叙本事物（本体）的一种修辞格。明喻本体、喻体都出现。它的表达形式是“甲像乙”。明喻中间常用...     

浅谈比喻辞格和比拟辞格的逻辑结构及其在认识论上的特点——汉语教学随笔(之一)

本文讨论下列问题:1、比喻词格和比拟词格的逻辑结构;2、它们的相互关系;3、它们在认识论上的特点。一比喻是汉语中最常见的辞格之一。比喻的逻辑结构应分为四部分:本体、喻体、比喻词和喻点。本体:被比喻的事物。喻体:打比方的事物。比喻词:从形式上连接本体和喻体的词语。喻点:体现喻体和本体的共同点的词语;如果是反喻,那么就是从反面强调本体和喻体不同     

成语中的比喻

一、明喻。本体、喻体和比喻词都出现,比喻词为“如”“若”等。如:洞若观火、冷若冰霜、固若金汤、口若悬河、兵败如山倒、势如破竹、寥若晨星。二、暗喻。本体、喻体都出现,比喻词为“成”,或者暗含两个比喻,不出现比喻词。如:众志成城、风刀霜剑、心猿意马。三、借喻。只出现喻体,本体和比喻词都不出现。如:阪上走丸、空谷足音、高屋建     

古汉语比喻三题

谈古书不能不懂修辞,懂修辞尤应弄懂比喻。本文想就古汉语的“三喻”、借喻和借代、比喻和比拟等三个问题,谈一些粗浅看法。 一、明喻、隐喻、借喻 一般说,比喻是由被比喻事物(本体),比喻事物(喻体)和喻词(联结本体和喻体的词语)三个成分构成的。按照这三个成分在句子中的隐现情况,古汉语的比喻主要有明喻、隐喻、借喻三个基本形式。 明喻是一种本体、喻体和喻词都出现的比喻,其一般格式(又叫详式)是“本体(甲)象喻体(     

从比喻中学习类比联想

比喻修辞的基础,是类比联想。本体和喻体的相似性,是建立比喻的基础。古往今来的作家创造了无数绝妙的比喻,我们认识其中的奥妙,在作文时能够增强想象力,提高锤炼语言的能力。比喻由本体(被比喻说明的事物)、喻体(用以说明本体的事物)和比喻词(连接本体和喻体的词)构成,通常分为明喻、暗喻、借喻等类型。现在我们从联想的角度,把比喻重新分分类。第一类:本体是抽象的事物,喻体是形象     

略说短语构成的比喻

短语构成的比喻,是指比喻的变式。一是指偏正关系的名词短语构成的修饰喻,一是指由复指短语构成的同位喻。所谓修饰喻就是把一个比喻压缩在一个偏正式的名词短语之中,格式是“本体”的“喻体”,或者“喻体”“的”“本体”,是用修饰语和中心词构成的比喻,本体和喻体演化成了定语和中心词的关系。常见的是本体以修饰语的形式出现,喻体以中     

比喻修辞法的常见理解误区分析

比喻是常用修辞法,用于记叙文、散文一般称“比喻”,用于说明文一般称“打比方”,用于议论文论证时一般称“比喻论证法”。在教学中发现学生对比喻有几个常见理解误区,下面略作分析。常见误区之一:比喻的本体、喻体都是名词或名词短语比喻的三种常见类型(明喻、暗喻、借喻),本体、喻体一般是名词或名词短语,鲜有例外。如:《荷塘月色》中“零星地点缀着些白花……正如一粒粒的明珠,又如碧天里的星星”是明喻,本体是“白花”,喻体是“明珠、星星”;《十里长街送总理》中“霎时间,东西长安街成了喧腾的大海”是暗喻,本体是“长安街”,喻体是“大海”;《故乡》中“我们之间已经隔了一层可悲的厚障壁了”是借喻,喻体是“厚障壁”。不过,比喻还根据本体、喻体、比喻词的结合情况,衍生出另外一些变化形式,如博喻、倒喻、反喻、缩喻、扩喻等。其中有一些比喻的喻体,不是名词或名词短语,而是句子。如,扩喻就是本体、喻体互为平行的句子的一种扩大形式的比喻。“我爱你,就像老鼠爱大米”这句歌词,用“老鼠爱大米”来比“我爱你”就是这一类。这类比喻有时本体在前,有时喻体在前,比喻词常被省略,两个句子的结构可相同也可不同。荀子的《劝学》,用“青,取之于蓝,而青于蓝”、“冰,...     

比喻的基本类型及其变式(上)

修辞格比喻,又叫“打比方”,指利用两种本质不同的事物之间的相似点,借这一事物来描写或说明另一事物的语言现象。比喻有四个要素:本体(被比喻的事物)、喻体(作比喻的事物)、比喻词(标明比喻的词)、相似点(本体与喻体共有的特点)。有时本体和相似点不明显,需要结合上下文才能确定。根据这四要素在内容和形式上的不同特征,比喻可分为明喻、暗喻、借喻三种基本类型及其若干种变式,后者常见的有博喻、连喻、引喻、缩喻、倒喻、逆喻、进喻、派生喻、类喻和较喻共十种。下面结合中学语文教学实际——介绍。 1.明喻:明显地打比方。明喻的本体和喻体同时出现,比喻词常用表相似关系的“像”、“好像”、“如”、“比如”、     

半喻式词语例析

0·1 汉语中有一部分词语是采用比喻手法选择语素构造出来的。这部分词语可分两类。一类是全喻式的,如“佛手”、“鸡眼”、“猴头”、“龙眼”、“壁虎”、“仙人掌”等,都采用借喻方式构成,以整个词显示喻体,而本体并不出现,字面不能明显地透出实际意义。如“佛手”并非神佛的手,而是指一种柑桔类植物,因为这种植物的形状象神佛半握着的手,所以就将它命名为“佛手”。另一类是半喻式的。其中有的喻体语素在前,本体语素在后。如     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.