An evolution of experts: MEDLINE in the library school.

Question: What is the real value that medical librarians bring to the health care environment? How have library science educators, frequently former practitioners themselves, responded to the challenge of expert searching?Methods: In this paper, I give an historical introduction to the landscape of medical information retrieval through the development of MEDLINE. I then look at the evolution of training in online searching and its place in the context of library school education and particularly the effect of generalist education on future specialists. Finally, I acknowledge the new role of the informationist as another assertion of our professional expertise.Conclusions: The three interdependent subsystems of our professional machine—our schools, our association, and our professional peers— must all respond to this challenge by asserting our expertise in our curricula, in our continuing education, and in our dialogues with each other. Only by acknowledging the interaction of these subsystems will real and positive changes be effected to benefit our profession and our constituencies.     

Language and country preponderance trends in MEDLINE and its causes.

OBJECTIVE: The authors characterized the output of MEDLINE papers by language and country of publication during a thirty-four-year time period. METHODS: We classified MEDLINE's journal articles by country of publication (Anglos/Non-Anglos) and language (English/Non-English) for the years 1966 and from 1970 to 2000 at five-year intervals. Eight English-speaking countries were considered Anglos. Linear regression analysis of number of papers versus time was performed. RESULTS: The global number of papers increased linearly at a rate of 8,142 papers per year. Anglo and English papers also increased linearly (6,740 and 9,199, respectively). Journals of Non-Anglo countries accounted for 25% of the English language increase (2,438 per year). Only Non-English papers decreased at a rate of 1,056 fewer papers per year. These trends have led to overwhelming shares of English and Anglo papers in MEDLINE. In 2000, 68% of all papers were published in the 8 Anglo countries and 90% were written in English. CONCLUSIONS: The Anglo and English preponderances appear to be a consequence of at least two phenomena: (1) editorial policy changes in MEDLINE and in some journals from Non-Anglo countries and (2) factors affecting Non-Anglo researchers in the third world (publication constraints, migration, and undersupport). These are tentative conclusions that need confirmation.     

OneSearch in a dental library: beyond MEDLINE.

MEDLINE, which includes the Index to Dental Literature, has been the database of choice for most search requests generated at Indiana University School of Dentistry. However, many requests extend beyond dentistry and the health sciences into the realms of business, education, psychology, law, and computer technology. For these requests, DIALOG's new OneSearch feature can be a simple and cost-effective mechanism for supplementing searches that would otherwise be confined to MEDLINE.     

Analysis of non-urban end users' MEDLINE training.

The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC) Library mailed a MEDLINE End User Practice Survey Form to 310 health professionals who had attended MEDLINE seminars supported by a two-year NLM grant. The survey sought to determine how many respondents had obtained NLM codes, reasons for not obtaining a code, searching time done since the seminar, differences in the use of information since taking the seminar, factors helpful in successful searching, and factors contributing to frustrations. The most prevalent reasons for not obtaining a code were lack of a microcomputer and modem, infrequent use of MEDLINE, cost, lack of time, complications, and ability to obtain free searches.     

中美药学教育杂志知识图谱比较分析

统计了《美国药学教育杂志》和国内《药学教育》2003-2013年刊发的论文数量,并绘制了两种刊物的研究热点知识图谱、研究机构合作图谱,分析了中美药学教育在期刊研究重点内容、研究机构合作关系等方面的差异,以及国内药学教育杂志存在的问题,并提出了建议。     

金融危机冲击下的美国报刊及其应对策略

近几年来,随着以互联网为代表的新媒体迅速崛起与媒介竞争的加剧,美国报刊业受到巨大冲击,呈不断衰落之势,众多著名的传媒集团营业额与广告额大幅衰减,传媒业之中的公司并购、重组、破产情况加剧,由此深刻改变了期刊传播的形态和传播格局,预示着传媒生态的未来发展。     

A hedge for searching nutrition and disease on MEDLINE.

Written for online searchers familiar with MEDLINE, this article defines the scope of nutrition as it relates to disease, suggests background literature to familiarize the searcher with nutrition, and presents a hedge for searching nutritional aspects of disease on MEDLINE. Vocabulary decisions, methods for limiting retrieval, and other applications of the nutrition hedge also are discussed.     

Comparison of SUNY and MEDLINE searches

One hundred sixty-five search requests processed through the SUNY Biomedical Communication Network were analyzed to determine how many of the citations thus retrieved would have been retrievable by MEDLINE. The results showed that MEDLINE would have been capable of retrieving 78.7% of the SUNY citations. Almost half of the 21.3% of the citations not retrievable by MEDLINE were from foreign-language journals. A subject analysis of the data showed that in most subject areas MEDLINE was able to provide a relatively small percentage of the journal titles generated by SUNY. These few titles, however, contained a large percentage of the SUNY citations involved in the study.     

Efficient MEDLINE searching of the radiologic literature

The Radiology Information Service at the Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University performs a wide range of functions from physician continuing education to a photocopy service, including approximately 450 demand literature searches annually. The complexity of the field of radiology, the rapid advances in hardware and techniques, and the variety of interests on the part of radiologists and basic scientists requesting searches make online literature retrieval a challenge for even the expert radiology librarian. This paper presents up-to-date searching terminology, suggested search formulations, and bibliographic sources which have proved valuable in the functioning of the Radiology Information Service.     

中美大学图书馆学科馆员设置比较研究

本文通过全面比较分析美国哈佛大学、耶鲁大学、加州大学等世界著名大学图书馆与中国大学图书馆的学科馆员设置情况,从学科划分、人员、数量、分布等方面阐明我国学科馆员设置处于初级阶段。同时指出,学科馆员的设置因校因馆而异,数量不一,人员来源于图书馆多个部门,图情专家是中国特色的权宜之计。我国大学图书馆学科馆员实施应该从岗位职责着手,循序渐进。学科馆员制度必将成为提升图书馆在大学中地位的重要措施。     

Abstracting and indexing services in China

The first abstracting and indexing (A&I) service in China celebrated its thirty–year birthday in 1988. However, it would be a mistake to consider the growth of A&I services in China in the same way as other countries because A&I services in China not only had to start from zero, but also had a rebirth after a period of regression; they are not commercial agencies; at the end of the 1980s, almost all of the A&I services produced in China are printed versions, while computerized production is in the stage of experiment. It is the purpose of this paper to present a picture of the development of A&I services in China and identify some of their problems in order to encourage serious attention to their status.     

Currency of full-text medical journals: CCML and MEDIS vs. MEDLINE

The authors ask whether full-text versions of medical journals are available for searching sooner than their biblographic counterparts. The journals in question are those found in the Comprehensive Core Medical Library (CCML) from BRS Information Technologies and in Mead Data Central's MEDIS Current Journal Files. All journals in these two files are full-text, and neither file contains any indexing features. Update schedules for the full-text version of the MEDLINE journals in each of these files were compared with the most recent issue available in the National Library of Medicine's (NLM) MEDLINE on five different dates. The data revealed substantial fluctuation in comparative currency for MEDIS/MEDLINE over the period of the test. On the date of the last snapshot, June 8, 1990, MEDLINE and MEDIS were offering the same currency for 43% of the journals, and MEDIS was providing first access to 29% of the titles. The CCML/MEDLINE comparison showed less variation. In the last snapshot MEDLINE and CCML were providing access to the same issue for 36% of the journals, and CCML was offering first access to 14%. Prior to publication, this paper was submitted to all three vendors for comment. Significant portions of their responses are quoted.     

受控标引和受控词表的应用

本文介绍了受控标引的定义、特点，并对当前关于受控标引和受控语言已经过时的论点进行了反驳，认为受控标引和受控语言具有自然语言所不能代替的优点。文章还论述了受控词表在数据库、搜索引擎、DC元数据中的应用，进一步证明受控语言在当前网络环境下具有一定的地位，认为当前文献信息的组织和利用应该把受控语言和自然语言结合起来。     

A comparison of the currency of secondary information sources in the biochemical literature. II. MEDLINE online and on CD-ROM

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MEDLINE training within the library school curriculum: quality control and future trends.

In order to assess the current status of MEDLINE training provided by schools of library science, a survey was conducted of those schools having an educational identification code issued by the National Library of Medicine. Information was gathered on such variables as the instructors' background and preparation, the course objectives and content, and the amount of on-line experience provided to students in each of eleven programs. An evaluation of these measures indicates that more opportunities to gain experience in using MEDLINE should be initiated by library schools and that current efforts should be continued and expanded. Specific recommendations for accomplishing these goals are outlined; they are addressed to health sciences librarians, library school educators, the Medical Library Association, and the National Library of Medicine.     

An evaluation of CD-ROM MEDLINE use in Thailand

An analysis of requests for CD-ROM MEDLINE* searches from June to December 1987 at the Medical Library, Chulalongkorn University, was performed. Requests were received from eighty-two places, in Bangkok and the provinces; 97.8% were from government organizations. MEDLINE on CD-ROM was available from 1982 to date. Most users requested searches covering the previous five or six years. Users were surveyed regarding the service: just over 87% found the service user-friendly. In addition, users suggested that the library conduct search training programs, and more than half of the users noted that a single work station could not meet the search load.