对民事审判中合同纠纷案件损失数额认定的思考——以经验法则为视角

在民事审判中合同纠纷案件损失数额的认定是一个绕不开的问题,达到＂客观真实＂是一个努力争取的目标;当不能达到＂客观真实＂目标时,根据经验法则及相关规定,只要达到了＂高度盖然性＂的标准也同样达到了各方面所要求的证明标准,这才是合同纠纷案件中损失数额认定的＂应然＂状态。要改变合同纠纷案件中损失数额认定的混乱状态,有赖于各方的努力。     

如何让创新教学模式走进小学语文课堂

新课程理念强调在教学过程中要达到三维目标。因此,教师在教学过程中要注意教学模式的创新,培养学生获取知识的创新能力,从而达到提高教学质量的目的。     

自悟 自求 自得——阅读教学的实践与思考

在语文阅读教学中,教师应成为学生主动建构意义的帮助者、促进者,作品只有学生自己阅读、品味、感悟,才能领悟其情、掌握其知、习得其法。教师要指导学生:读中自悟情──达到情感的共鸣,思想的升华;读中自求知──达到知识的掌握、规律的揭示;读中自得法──达到方法的领会,学法的运用     

海威教育集团精品学校系列展示三——山东省莱芜市第十七中学

2005年高考，莱芜十七中成绩显著，尤其是北师大的高中英语实验班，两个班80人全部达到高考本科分数线，上线率达到100％，重点本科录取率达到85％以上。全市前100名中占据1／3．全市理科前10名中，十七中占了4人，     

知识经济启动条件初探

知识经济是继原始经济、农业经济、工业经济之后即将出现的崭新的经济类型。知识经济的实现需要具备四个必要条件。即知识产品产值在国民经济中占有一定的比重;知识产业从业人员在全国总人口中达到一定的比例;社会总产品达到一定的科技含量以及社会总人口整体素质达到一定程度。迎接知识经济挑战,关键在于教育。     

运用新理念，构建小学英语和谐课堂

新课程标准中对教育目标是这样阐述的：“促使全体学生素质全面发展、个性健康发展,使每个学生学会学习,达到愿学、乐学、会学、善学。”要达到这一目标,就需要教师充分利用各种有效的教学策略,使tl,~-生在教学活动中充分感受到英语学习的乐趣,激发他们的学习热情,启发他们的创新思维,从而使小学生在课堂中伴随着快乐达到较高的课堂教学效率。在英语课堂教学中,     

趣味运动中的物理知识——抓住教育时机进行物理教学的尝试

趣味运动会中涉及许多物理知识,如果抓住这个教育时机,对学生们加以引导,会达到课堂教学无法达到的效果。     

基于词向量的汉日通用汉字词语义计量研究方法探索

中日现代语言通用汉字词各义项在两种语言中的使用情况一直是学界关注的难题。基于高频中日同形词的研究结果表明,利用BERT词向量技术对日语目标词义项统计的平均准确率达到了90%,最高达到97%;对汉语目标词义项统计的平均准确率达到了88.3%,最高也达到97%,利用词向量技术对中日汉字词汇语义开展计量研究具备可行性。同时研究还发现,传统词典义项设立的科学性、例句规范性和句长等因素都会对基于词向量的语义分析产生影响。     

善用变通的数学解题策略

我们在数学解题中,如何使知识的掌握达到融会贯通的程度,方法的运用达到得心应手的境界？一题多解、一题多变、一法多题的解题策略,是我们达到这种程度和境界的有益尝试．     

NCAP在废水pH值控制中的应用

工业生产过程中废水的回收和排放都必须达到国家标准,控制pH值尤为重要.NCAP可全过程控制废水pH值,使之达到要求.     

英语否定转移的表达方式及其汉译

否定转移是指位置上与一个词或短语放在一起的否定词,有时在意义上或逻辑上可转移到去否定另一个词或短语。通过总结英语否定转移的四种表达方式,即从一般否定转移到特指否定;从特指否定转移到一般否定;从一种特指否定转移到另一种特指否定;从否定主句谓语动词转移到否定从句谓语动词,来探讨其在汉语中的翻译,以期进一步提高翻译的准确性。     

POLICY STRATEGIES FOR THE CAREER DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN AT EUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES

Intended as an introduction and overview, this article previews the other contributions to the topic and places them in a general introductory context. The basic question is why women, who are not currently confronted with legal or overt discrimination with regard to entering and even thriving in academic careers, are still underrepresented in the academic world in Europe, particularly in the upper echelons of academic governance and power. Several possible explanations are given, in particular the failure of women to be prepared from an early age to be competitive in ways which boys are taught to take for granted, and their failure, not so much to engage in networking, but to penetrate the networks which count, most or all of which are in fact male dominated. Among the strategies which women may use to gain both presence and power in the academic world, the use of women's studies programmes is ruled out as being ultimately counterproductive. Likewise doubt is cast on the long‐term effectiveness of affirmative action programmes. Only remedies specific to the individual conditions of each country will be really helpful in aiding women to be more numerous in higher education, particularly in positions of power. However, in all the countries in question, women must be socialized so as to be willing to adopt behaviours conducive to academic success, and they must bring to bear the full resources of the social protection and welfare systems, all of which in the different countries of the Europe Region favour not only the progress of women, but the rational use of human resources.     

论职高纯男生班异性交往的必要性

有些职高班是纯男生班,缺乏与异性交往的机会。重视职高纯男生班学生的异性交往,有利于他们性生理、性心理正常发展;有利于他们注重自身形象;有利于他们端正学习态度,提高学习效率;有利于他们收敛、矫正不良行为习惯;有利于他们今后的社会交往和家庭生活。     

论培养和提高师范生写作思维能力的环节

本文对如何培养和提高师专中文专业生写作思维能力的问题进行了探讨,主张在写作教学中教师必须把握好四个环节：一是明确思维特点,讲授思维方法;二是抓住写作理论课堂,引导学生走上科学思维轨道;三是加大文章赏析力度,锻炼科学思维能力;四是抓好习作实践,提高学生写作思维能力。     

行政组织变革的阻力及其对策

针对行政组织变革的特点,重点讨论变革中存在的阻力,了解变革的规律及产生变革阻力的原因,如何克服变革中的阻力、减少变革中的负面效应,使行政组织变革工作顺利进行。     

Incentive learning and the motivational control of instrumental performance by thirst

The role of incentive learning in instrumental performance following a shift in the degree of water deprivation was analyzed in three experiments. In Experiments 1A and IB, rats trained to perform an instrumental action reinforced with either sucrose or maltodextrin solutions when in a high-deprivation state were subsequently shifted to a low-deprivation state and tested in extinction. This within-state shift in water deprivation reduced instrumental performance only when the animals had been exposed to the reinforcer in the low-deprivation state prior to instrumental training. In Experiment 2, a concurrent training procedure was used to assess whether the change in the value of the reinforcer brought about by preexposurewas mediated by the contingency between the instrumental action and the reinforcer. Preexposure to the reinforcer under the low-deprivation state produced a selective reduction of the performance of the action upon which it was contingent during training when testing was conducted in extinction following a shift from the high- to the low-deprivation state. These experiments provide evidence that animals have to learn about the incentive value of a reinforcer in a particular motivational state through exposure to the reinforcer in that state.     

A Case Study of Preschool Children’s Musical Interests at Home and at School

In the interaction between the child and the adult, interest can be a significant motivational initiator of activities. Systematic monitoring and development of the interest in music activities enables the teachers to influence the preschool children in forming a positive attitude towards the art of music. The research involving preschool teachers, children at the age of five to six and their parents, was conducted in order to determine the interest of preschool teachers and children in music activities. We found that the teachers showed greatest interest in singing songs, playing instruments and listening to music. The children’s favourite activities in kindergarten were movement to music (dancing), singing songs and playing on instruments, namely activities where they could take active part in the educational process. The parents reported that at home the children preferred most to listen to music, to sing songs and move to the sounds of music, and less to play on instruments and to be creative in music. The development of the children’s interest in music depends on the teachers’ expression of interest in music activities, on the choice of music activities and music contents and on the experience in the music environment of the family.     

新世纪高校学生党建工作问题与基本思路

文章分析了当前高校学生党建工作存在的问题 ,提出加强高校学生党建工作的基本路径 ;充分认识新时期高校学生党建的极端重要性和艰巨性 ;加强对高校学生党建理论的研究 ,确立对学生党员先进性的评价标准 ;创新思政教育形式 ,确保政治素质提高 ;创新组织管理体制 ,确保党组织活力 ;完善党建制度 ,确保党员质量     

The Functions Of Context In Finding The Equivalent Words In Translation

"Context" covers from pure linguistics to the situation in which a linguistic expression takes place, and to the social and cultural background of communication. Translation is a kind of inter-lingual and eross-euhural communication in which context plays an important role to achieve information equivalence in all levels. This thesis strives to investigate how context interplays with wording in translation, exemplified with an English-Chinese translation to illustrate how differ-ent interpretations of the source language contexts lead to different wordings in translation. It concludes that translators must be context-sensitive to comprehend to meanings of a word in SL. And that's the basis to select an equivalent word of the closest meanings in all level in the TL.     

The testing program for the general college of the state teachers college,Kirksville, Missouri

This article considers the role of private schools in an assessment of segregation in K-12 schools, with special reference to the South. It presents evidence to support two main conclusions. First, private schools have grown in importance in the South since 1960, in contrast to their declining importance in the rest of the country. This contrary trend can be attributed to the region's small proportion of Catholics, to its rising affluence, and to school desegregation. Because of the typically large areas covered by school districts in the South, private schools have offered White families an especially effective means of avoiding exposure to non-Whites in schools, particularly in counties with very high minority concentrations. In those counties the rate at which Whites enrolled in private schools tended to rise with the percentage of all students who were non-White, increasing sharply in counties about 55% non-White. Second, the article presents measures of the extent to which private schools contribute to segregation in schools in all regions. Using data on public and private enrollments in 1999-2000, the article shows that private schools accounted for only about 16% of such segregation in the nation's metropolitan areas, with the bulk of segregation attributed to racial disparities between public school districts. For the nation, segregation increased between 1995-1996 and 1999-2000, and a rise in White private enrollments had a role in this increase.