Which inclusive teaching tasks represent the highest level of teacher efficacy in primary and secondary schools?

A hierarchy of inclusive teaching tasks by associated level of teacher efficacy is derived from a group of primary and secondary school teachers in Hong Kong using a Rasch rating scale model on 536 in-service teachers attending a professional development course. Findings show collaboration tasks represented the highest teacher efficacy in primary and secondary teachers. Managing behavior represented the lowest level of teacher efficacy but slightly more in primary than in secondary school. Hence, future training regarding inclusive practices should be specific to the school level, with a strong focus on collaborations between school, parents, and the community.     

中小学教师团队管理的有效性研究

利用教师团队来管理教师,是加强教师队伍建设的重要环节。因此对当前中小学教师团队管理中所存在的问题进行分析,在此基础上提出中小学教师团队管理的相关策略,能为中小学团队管理者提供可借鉴性的启示。     

中小学教师专业核心素养模型构建研究

中小学教师专业核心素养是中小学教师从事教育教学活动所必备的基本素质。近年来我国有学者开始关注中小学教师的核心素养问题,但采用规范的方法研究中小学教师专业核心素养的成果还较少见到。本研究运用文献法、德尔菲法和统计法研讨了中小学教师专业核心素养的因素,在此基础上构建并分析了品德修为、知识涵养和教学能力三维度的中小学教师专业核心素养模型。该模型可以为中小学选聘教师、开展教师培训、评估教师绩效及中小学教师的自我发展提供有益的参考和启示。     

The Impact of Primary School Teachers’ Expectations of Pupils,Parents and Teachers on Teacher Track Recommendations

To advance the understanding about primary school teachers’ allocation process of pupils during the transition to secondary education, this study aims to investigate the influencing teacher expectations of teacher track recommendations. Using a qualitative research design consisting of an inductive approach, interview data were gathered from 15 Flemish sixth-grade teachers. The results indicate that foremost teacher expectations of pupils, more specifically of pupils’ perceived motivation or interests and learning attitude, were considered by teachers as influencing their track recommendations. Although empirical evidence was also found for the impact of expectations held by teachers about pupils’ parents and about themselves as teachers, as well as about teaching, teachers’ awareness of the impact of one’s own expectations was limited.     

The involvement of school teachers in research‐related activities: Extent,quality and predictors

In view of the need to develop school teachers as research‐oriented professionals and the reported complexities of this endeavour internationally, this article explores teacher involvement in research‐related‐activities in Cyprus. It aims to measure the extent and quality of such involvement and explore possible predictors. Data were collected from a sample of 420 public primary and secondary school teachers. Most respondents reported involvement in activities for the consumption of research, which was found to be related to teachers' background in research methods courses and work context (primary/secondary school). Teachers' involvement in activities for the production of research was less extensive, whilst statistical associations with the specific background variables were not traced. On the basis of the findings, recommendations for the transition towards research‐oriented teachers are discussed in terms of developing research knowledge, skills and attitudes and providing supportive measures to schools.     

基于教师专业发展的美国普瑞细斯系列测试研究

美国普瑞细斯系列测试是一项针对中小学教师的测试,其目的是为了给各级教育当局认证教师资格、颁发教师资格证书提供帮助。它分为教师职前技能测试、学科知识评估考试和课堂教学评价三个项目,具有强大的理论支持、良好的操作性能和有效的测试结果三个特点。我国教师资格考试可以从考试内容的全面性、考试对象的广泛性、过程性评价贯穿于考试之中和评价的连续性几方面加以借鉴。     

教师评价研究述评--兼论我国高校教师评价研究的迫切性

通过梳理教师评价研究的历史脉络,并对教师评价研究的总体状况进行评析,认为:教师评价研究的对象主要是中小学教师,由此也导致教师评价研究的内容多局限于教师教学水平评价,忽略了高校教师评价的特殊性;我国高校教师评价研究已经远远落后于现实要求,迫切需要从理论与实践两个层面进行拓展。     

Soziale Ungleichheiten beim Übergang von der Grundschule in die Sekundarstufe I: Theorie,Forschungsstand, Interventions- und Fördermöglichkeiten

Based on a theoretical model, which distinguishes between primary and secondary effects following Boudon, the present paper summarizes empirical evidence regarding the impact of family background on the transition from elementary into secondary school. In doing so, three types of secondary effects are distinguished: secondary effects of school grades, teacher recommendations, and the transition itself. The empirical literature suggests that both primary and secondary effects exist in the German school system: In addition to having lower achievement, children from disadvantaged backgrounds receive lower grades and fewer recommendations for higher tracks and are less likely to attend a high track even when controlling for their achievement. The paper closes by presenting findings from studies analyzing the relative importance of primary and secondary effects and a discussion on how effects of family background on the transition into secondary school can be reduced.     

论提高教师培训有效性的途径和方式

促进中小学教师的专业发展是开展教师培训的核心工作。教师培训应从培训理论、培训目标、培训内容、培训模式与方式、考核与评价、组织与管理等方面进行深入研究和实践,大力构建具有科学性、针对性、实效性和前瞻性的有效教师培训体系,为提高中小学教师整体素质和专业发展服务,办学员满意的培训。     

How to activate teachers through teacher evaluation?

There is a general doubt on whether teacher evaluation can contribute to teachers’ professional development. Recently, standards-based teacher evaluation has been introduced in many countries to improve teaching practice. This study wants to investigate which teacher evaluation procedural, leadership, and teacher characteristics can stimulate teachers’ feedback utility perceptions and professional learning activities in the context of teacher evaluation. Data were collected in 32 secondary schools from 298 teachers and 32 school leaders, both quantitatively and qualitatively. We put forward a research model which is investigated through path analysis. Results nurture optimism about teacher evaluation indicating that teacher evaluation can stimulate teachers to undertake professional learning activities when they perceive feedback as useful. The important role of the school leader (through both instructional and transformational leadership) is stressed. Teacher participation and teacher collaboration also have a positive influence on teacher evaluation and its outcomes.     

提升教师的心理韧性：学校工作条件与人际信任的影响作用

以北京市455名中小学教师为样本,研究考察了工作条件（学校设施与资源、工作负荷、学校领导支持）与学校人际信任（教师对同事、家长、学生及校长的信任）对教师心理韧性的影响作用。结果表明：（1）学校领导支持与教师对同事的信任、教师对家长与学生的信任对教师心理韧性表现出非常显著的正面影响,减少教师工作负荷对教师心理韧性中的工作满足感与乐观具有明显的预测作用;（2）教师对校长的信任未直接显著地影响教师的心理韧性,但对工作条件与心理韧性两者之间的关系起着明显的调节作用,也就是说,教师对校长越信任,则支持性工作条件更加有助于提高教师的自我效能感、对工作的热爱与奉献以及工作成就感。这些结果为提升教师的心理韧性提供了实证研究的基础。     

Teaching beliefs: a comparison between Italian primary and secondary school trainee teachers

This paper presents research which compares the teaching beliefs of primary and secondary school trainee teachers. Participants were 177 trainee teachers, 92 enrolled in a primary school teacher degree course, and 85 enrolled in a postgraduate teacher training course specifically for music teaching at secondary school level (middle and high school). A questionnaire was employed for assessing beliefs. By performing factor analysis, the following four dimensions were extracted: innovative teaching and cooperative learning, teacher-centred approach, learner-centred approach and working collaboratively. Data were subjected to analysis of variance for each factor of the questionnaire. Significant differences between primary and secondary trainee teachers in the way they think about music teaching were found. The relevance of these factors and differences was discussed in considering how to improve the education of teachers.     

Teacher education: Wasteland or watershed?

It is established that the literature presents diverse positions on the impact of teacher education on beginning teacher practices. Teacher education is seen as a wasteland, a watershed for conservatism or progressivism, or a temporary influence quickly washed out by institutional and social conditions of school settings. The literature is unanimous in declaring teacher education inadequate. Data from a small scale interpretive study of entry into secondary school teaching are used to support two major claims. First, teacher education can function as a watershed equipping some beginning teachers with the competence and confidence to attempt reconstruction of existing school conditions. Second, no simple linear relationship exists between teacher education and beginning teacher practices; rather, they exist along with many other personal, institutional and social factors in a complex, interconnected network.     

中小学教师心理健康现状及建议

阐述了近年来中小学教师心理健康问题日益突出,在从教师职业特殊性、社会、教育部门和教师自身四个方面分析了导致中小学教师产生心理问题的原因,从管理层面提出了一些改善中小学教师心理健康状况的建议。     

我国中小学教师专业发展存在的问题及改革路向

当前我国中小学教师专业发展过程中存在着教师专业素养偏低,教育管理体制不完善等方面的问题。为了提升和优化我国中小学教师专业发展,教师教育通过提升教师专业化素养,树立教师光辉形象;把握教育发展趋势,推进教师专业发展等措施,努力提升我国中小学教师的综合素养,提升我国中小学专业发展水平,使得我国中小学教师专业发展走上一个更高的台阶。     

Adaptive capacity in the Pacific region: a study of continuous professional development for in-service teachers in Kiribati

This study of I-Kiribati secondary school teachers used a project-based approach to investigate the notions of school-based and collaborative learning as a suitable model for in-service teacher continuous professional development (CPD). The design and methodology adopted by the study framed the argument that since collaborative behavior is integral in Kiribati and Pacific community daily life it could be a suitably applied in the workplace to promote effective learning. At the same time the study was designed to investigate a system of learning for teachers in Kiribati that would address their needs, in particular being school-based. The study revealed that cultural influences in Kiribati such as: the role of leaders, respect for elders and secret knowledge have a strong influence on teacher behavior both inside and outside the classroom. The recommendations concur with research literature that suggests developing effective policy and practices in the Pacific region must be driven by and strongly reflect cultural practices, values and beliefs. Importantly, the notion that some cultural practices may conflict when applied in different settings provides an added dimension to the body of literature.     

华德福教师教育实践对我国中小学教师职后培训的启示

通过考察华德福教师教育实践,从我国各地区的实际出发,借鉴华德福教师教育的有益经验,进一步完善我国的中小学教师职后培训体系。     

学校领导反馈环境对教师建言的影响--一个有调节的中介模型

教师建言作为教师参与学校管理的重要渠道,是促进学校管理民主化、提升学校教育质量的重要保障。本研究以491名中小学教师为样本,从情绪视角探讨了领导反馈环境对教师建言的作用机制。结果表明,领导反馈环境正向预测教师建言,积极情绪在二者之间具有中介效应,消极情绪在二者之间具有遮掩效应,权力距离调节了积极情绪的中介作用。权力距离越高,领导反馈环境通过积极情绪对教师建言的影响越强,反之越弱。     

合肥地区中小学教师专业化发展情况实证调查

为全面了解合肥地区中小学教师专业化发展的现状,研究建立健全教师专业化发展的制度保障体系及运行机制,加快教师教育一体化进程,我们对合肥市中小学教师的专业化发展情况展开了一次问卷调查。通过调查与分析,指出合肥地区中小学教师专业化发展存在的一些不容忽视的问题,并以此为例,提出了有效推进区域教师专业化发展的对策和建议。