基于设计的研究:教育理论与实践创新的持续动力

教育理论与实践的创新与教育研究的方法或方法论创新密切相关。在设计成为人类社会生活的一种必需方式、设计科学日趋成熟的当今,教育的设计属性逐渐凸显。以往徘徊于科学主义和人文主义路线的教育科学正走向统整的设计科学。作为一种集中方法与方法论功能为一体的新型研究范式,基于设计的研究以洞察和探究真实教育情境中的学习机制为原动力,通过层层递进的问题解决方案的设计、实施、修订与迭代循环,把教育实证研究与理论驱动的学习环境设计融合在一起,是理解教育创新如何、何时以及为什么在实践中起作用的重要方法论,在持续地推动教育理论与实践创新方面蕴含着巨大的潜力。     

关于教育研究方法论的探讨

本文从分析方法论、教育研究方法论的基本涵义人手，对当前教育研究方法论探讨所涉及的几个基本问题作了具体分析。笔者认为，当前我国教育研究方法论主要应该探讨如何运用马克思主义哲学作指导的问题，并通过比较研究和元教育学研究，探询国外教育学理论发展的方法论背景，同时，对当前人们使用的教育研究方法要具体分析，并主张从教育哲学的高度来认识方法论探讨的意义。     

方法论视域下教育戏剧与学科教学融合研究

西方教育戏剧与学科教学的关系历经分离、相切、发展和融合等四个阶段,当下正处于深度融合的“后发展期”,每一阶段都有相应的方法论作为指导。在方法论层面,认知与探析教育戏剧与学科教学的深度融合,发现两者融合的多重复杂性、教育学立场性、科目取向性、研究边界性和人员构成性。在实施路径层面,两者融合需要突破已有教育戏剧融入学科教学的范式,使其深度融合本土化和综合化,具体可以基于育人价值挖掘、教育剧场建设和本土戏剧开发等路径开展。     

Ethnographic approach to second life in education: a focus on technological difficulties

This paper moves from the data collected during an ethnographic research conducted in Second Life, which focuses on the observation of different technological difficulties in educational experiences. The main research interests focused on the social dynamics of educational experiences in Second Life and the opportunity to develop a proper research methodology. The main goal is to evaluate the educational experience in such a particular context through the stories of participants; therefore, the most appropriate methodology for researching the subject has been considered to be ethnography. As result of the research, it is observed that an appropriate use of the available tools and the adoption of innovative teaching strategies can promote the improvement of the educational experience in online worlds. This paper suggests interesting elements from the analysis of the data collected, which may help to adopt an innovative point of view on ethnographic research in an online world in education.     

我国教育经济学研究的现状、问题与前瞻——从2008年中国教育经济学年会暨首届教育经济学研究生学术论坛谈起

本文通过对中国教育经济学会2008年学术年会暨首届教育经济学研究生学术论坛的相关分析,从中管窥我国教育经济学研究的现状与问题.研究发现,目前我国教育经济学在研究内容上较为重视微观研究、方法上侧重实证研究、性质上倾向实践研究、研究队伍上层次不断提升,这些特征恰恰也蕴藏着其诸多不足与尚待完善的空间.笔者认为,我国教育经济学研究必须更加关注教育经济领域重大理论与实践问题、建构富有中国特色的教育经济学理论体系、应将宏观研究与微观研究相结合、更加重视探索教育经济学独特的研究方法论、培育我国教育经济学派,以提高我国教育经济学研究的整体水平.     

教育政策研究范式及其方法论探析

研究教育政策的研究范式具有重要意义。教育政策研究范式是具体的研究要素即研究主体、研究内容、研究过程及研究方法与研究方法论的有机结合。研究方法论包括直接方法论和间接方法论:直接方法论包括如何收集资料和如何分析资料两方面,它对教育政策研究范式起着直接的支撑作用。间接方法论是间接支撑教育政策研究范式研究的方法论,主要指的是西方传统的方法论即经验论、先验论和实践论,以及现象学、解释主义、批判理论、建构主义和符号互动等五个西方范式方法论。新范式方法论也为教育政策研究范式提供了间接方法论基础。     

论西方教育管理研究范式的转换

西方教育管理理论经历了100多年的历史发展，已经建立了规范的科学研究方法论，取得了丰硕的成果。本文首先探讨了库恩的“范式转换”理论及西方教育管理范式的转换；其次，认为实证主义一直是西方教育管理的无叙述方式；其三，认为后实证主义的研究范式正在改变着西方教育管理的研究范式；最后，对西方教育管理研究的方法论进行了批判性评论。     

美国教育管理研究的方法论转型及启示

在美国教育管理研究100多年的历程中,出现了两次重大的研究方法论转型,这不仅大大提高了美国教育管理学科的地位,也使美国成为国际教育管理研究的引领者。与美国相比,我们目前迫切需要借鉴其实证主义方法论研究,以提高我国的教育管理研究水平。     

教育学方法论的内涵及其研究视角

在从书院到学堂的转型过程中,传统的师生关系发生了明显的变化.导致变化的社会历史原因繁多而复杂,但中国近代学校制度的建立和发展,无疑是其中的一个重要因素.一方面,近代学校制度改变了传统社会中学校与社区共同体的密切联系,使学校相对全面地游离于社区共同体之外,从而也改变了教师和学生的结合与互动方式;另一方面,移植外来模式而建立起来的近代学校.毕竟生长在中国的社会、文化土壤之中,在西化的形式中,容纳了各种不同且常常相互冲突的社会力量、文化因素,从而使近代师生关系呈现出混乱、失序的状态.从这个角度来看,近代学校的师生关系,不过是变化了的制度形式及其与社会关系的一个缩影.     

Using the Delphi Technique in Educational Technology Research

As educational technology practitioners and researchers engage in research in the field, a wide array of research methodologies are available to them. One such methodology is the Delphi Technique. Use of the Delphi Technique offers many benefits, including the ability to obtain expert opinion, build consensus, determine the suitability of the application of instructional interventions, forecast trends, and interact with research subjects without being limited by time and space. While the origin and early use of the Delphi Technique was in the business setting, it has been used in other environments over the years, including educational settings. The various intrinsic qualities of the methodology could be beneficial to the field of educational technology. This article examines the Delphi Technique, its benefits, and how it could benefit educational technology researchers.     

批判教育学"批判"方法论解读

批判教育学以法兰克福学派特别是哈贝马斯的批判理论为哲学基础,通过对传统的精神科学教育学——释义学研究方法和经验教育学——实证研究方法的批判,形成了以“批判”为特征的教育研究方法论。该方法强调通过相关分析、意识形态分析、历史分析和语言分析,对一切教育现象进行“批判”性的研究。批判教育学方法论拓展了教育研究的视野,突破了教育研究方法“一元论”的局限,但也存在绝对否定和空想主义的局限。     

Action research and the challenge of complexity

Contemporary models of action research that are complementary to and in some cases promoted in UK Government policy tend to follow a loosely scientific methodology. They are reductionist in character and work on the assumption that linear processes of balanced interaction between causes and effects enables the practitioner to make controlled interventions and observe and record the effects. They are complementary to the school effectiveness paradigm and to the current climate of specific target setting and teacher accountability. Understanding educational situations and events in terms of complexity theory seriously challenges this view of how practitioners might research their work. Complexity theory leads us to view classroom events as subject to a multiplicity of variables that are non linear and dynamic in their interactions. This means that, to a substantial extent, educational events are much less predictable and far less under the control of particular elements, e.g., practitioners specific interventions, than this form of action research methodology leads one to expect. Teaching might have more in common with creative artistry and research taking something of the role of critique. This does not mean that practitioners cannot research their own practice but the relationship between the process of practice and research will need to be reviewed. The teacher researcher might take a broader and more holistic view of practice with a reduction in expectations with respect to planned outcomes.     

《论语》:一种教育叙事的解读

在《论语》中，孔子的教育叙事表现在因事而说的言说方式和“一以贯之“的思维方式。这二者正是孔子“中庸”方法论的体现。孔子的教育叙事时于今日的教育研究有多方面的重要启示：对个体教育经验的合法地位应予确认；在尊重个体教育经验中把握规律；更加理性地理解教育创新。     

破立统一:高等教育研究方法论

高等教育研究方法论的知识体系结构包括哲学方法论、科学方法论、教育研究方法论和高等教育研究方法论.高等教育研究方法论研究的意义在于高等教育研究创新、理论发展、高等教育研究领域自身、提高研究人员素养与研究能力的需要.通过各种方法论的学习和比较,寻找适合高等教育研究的方法论体系,较全面准确地认识高等教育发展进程中的新问题,克服“盲人摸象”的局限性.高等教育研究对象与方法的匹配性、高等教育研究方法论体系的开放性、高等教育研究方法论研究的批判性功能构成了高等教育研究方法论破立统一的规律性特点.     

TASK ANALYSIS: BULIDING MODELS OF CHANGE PROCESSES IN GIFTED EDUCATION

Researchers in the field of gifted education are becoming increasingly aware that a variety of research approaches can make contributions to research on giftedness. This paper describes task analysis, a research methodology derived from counseling process research. Task analysis appears to be a useful research approach for building theoretical models of how therapeutic and educational interventions can facilitate positive changes in gifted children. The paper traces the historical development of task analysis methodology, describes the steps involved in conducting a rational‐empirical task analysis of change processes, and provides an example of how task analysis methodology might be applied to investigations of change processes in the field of gifted education.     

西方质的教育领导研究的兴起及其启示

在国际范围内,教育领导研究已由过去的实证主义独尊,发展为今日的多元范式并陈。其中,质的教育领导研究已成为一股重要的力量。反观我国,教育领导研究的多元范式尚未形成,对质的研究的认识还存在颇多误区。通过回顾国际上质的教育领导研究的兴起以及国内质的研究地位的分析,本文呼吁开展更多扎根田野的质的研究,为教育领导研究探索一条新的方法论路径。     

Economic Viewpoints in Educational Effectiveness: Cost-effectiveness Analysis of an Educational Improvement Project

Cost-effectiveness analysis is not only important for decision making in educational policy and practice. Also within educational effectiveness research it is important to establish the costs of educational processes in relationship to their effects. The integrated multilevel educational effectiveness models provide opportunities to conduct more refined cost-effectiveness analyses than were carried out in the past. A cost-effectiveness analysis of an educational improvement project in Indonesia illustrates that combining the knowledge base and methodology of educational effectiveness research and cost-effectiveness analysis provides fruitful possibilities for future theoretical and practical developments in both approaches.     

略论中国现代教育哲学的发展

中国现代教育哲学作为一门学科的出现,是在中国现代学校教育制度确立之后。中国传统教育哲学的基本精神是“天人合一”和“知行合一”。中国现代教育哲学的研究主要存在三方面的问题：１、中国现代教育哲学的发展未能古今贯通和中西合璧;２、中国教育哲学研究存在着“五多五少”现象,也一定程度上减缓了中国教育哲学的发展速度;３、教育哲学的理论困惑。促使新世纪中国教育哲学更好地发展,可以从四方面把握：１、确定研究方法论     

教育生活体验研究及其理论价值

教育生活体验具有当下性、完整性、独特性、超越性和不可言说性等特点。作为一种不同于教育经验的研究范式,教育生活体验研究的理论价值在于它能使教育意义更加完整,它的非课题性和生存意识使它区别于行动研究和反思性教学研究,它的研究旨趣渗入了教育研究方法论转向的思想,对教育学理论建设有积极意义。     

Assessing Student Achievement in Large-Scale Educational Programs Using Hierarchical Propensity Scores

Many researchers assessing the efficacy of educational programs face challenges due to issues with non-randomization and the likelihood of dependence between nested subjects. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate a rigorous research methodology using a hierarchical propensity score matching method that can be utilized in contexts where randomization is not feasible and dependence between subjects is a concern. Although propensity score matching is not new in helping to create quasi-experimental models, many studies limit propensity score matching to student-level variables. To address this limitation in educational research, this study extends propensity score matching to the next level so that hierarchical modeling techniques can be used to help minimize error due to the likelihood of dependence between nested students. A large-scale educational program that targets first-semester freshmen was used to illustrate the utility and value of the methodology. This type of program is typical in higher education where student self-selection creates difficulty in assessing its true effects on student achievement; however, by using a rigorous methodology, administrators can have higher confidence when making programmatic and budgetary decisions.