《王德明》：莎士比亚悲剧的互文性中国化书写

民国时期的戏剧《王德明》是李健吾根据莎士比亚的悲剧《麦克白》改编的本土化莎士比亚戏剧.无论是《王德明》文本还是黄佐临导演的《乱世英雄》演出都体现与《麦克白》的互文性.《王德明》与《乱世英雄》在解构了莎氏悲剧《麦克白》中蕴涵的文艺复兴的人文主义精神的基础上,建构了一种本土化形式的莎剧,其中既有对当时社会现象的平面移入,又形成了权力、阴谋、野心、鲜血等社会批判的变体.二者在故事安排上多具有相同或相似的模式,冲突的发展都指向了矛盾的最后解决;人物形象在中国化基础上显现出诸多互文性因素.     

论抗战时期外国戏剧的中国化改编——以李健吾对莎士比亚两部悲剧的改编为例

戏剧在抗战宣传中起到过至关重要的作用,抗日战争时期众多的戏剧工作者纷纷以笔为枪,创作或改编出了大量鼓舞民族士气的戏剧作品。著名剧作家李健吾亦于此时适时地将英国的经典莎剧《麦克白》与《奥赛罗》改编为中国的抗战讽喻剧《王德明》和《阿史那》。李健吾在改编的时候虽承袭了原剧的大体脉络,却在时代背景、人物性格以及诸多细节方面做了深入的中国化改编,以使其更为符合抗战时期的文化语境,达到易于接受、动员抗战的效果。     

一“树”移两地 花开各不同——川剧《欲海狂潮》和曲剧《榆树孤宅》戏曲改编比较

奥尼尔名剧《榆树下的欲望》在我国先后被改编成川剧《欲海狂潮》和川剧《欲海狂潮》,是中国戏曲改编外国戏剧的有益尝试。尽管两剧在改编过程中均有意将中国的审美价值观植入外来剧情,其改编效果却因改编者的不同动机而呈现不同风格。本文以剧本文本为参考,从文化过滤层面探讨了两剧对原剧改编的异同。     

试论改编剧《阿史那》与原作《奥瑟罗》的关系

20世纪 4 0年代 ,上海戏剧界改编外国名作出现过一个高潮 ,对推动话剧在我国的发展起到了积极作用。在李健吾改编的众多剧本中 ,由莎士比亚的《奥瑟罗》改编而成的《阿史那》因种种原因没有引起太大反响 ,但作为剧本创作是极出色的。改编剧在保留原作人物基本性格与相互关系的基础上 ,将剧情的历史环境改变为我国唐代社会 ,重新塑造人物形象使之成为中国古人的矛盾冲突 ,依据历史可能重新设计部分戏剧场景与艺术细节 ,并且运用包括古典诗词和现代白话文在内的汉语资源来完整地再现原作的诗意和美感 ,使它与中国观众的文化知识和审美心理有了某种程度吻合 ,进而获得与中国观众交流的可能性和有效性。作为外来艺术形式 ,话剧一直面临中国本土化的任务 ,改编西方名剧在丰富话剧舞台、注入新的活力的同时 ,不啻使话剧形式民族化、中国化的一种良好途径。随着时代发展和社会文化语境的深刻变化 ,改编名剧的现象已经消失 ,但李建吾这一代人为此作出的努力不应该忽略 ,它对我们接受莎士比亚的意义将是长久的。     

《赵氏孤儿》与《中国孤儿》在剧情与人物上的异同比较

＂赵氏孤儿热＂已经不是一时的事了,而在＂赵氏孤儿＂的众多改编作品中,以元代纪君祥的《赵氏孤儿》与法国伏尔泰的《中国孤儿》影响最大。《中》剧是在《赵》剧的基础上改编而成的,它无论是在剧情设计、人物安排还是背景选择上都与后者有所不同。但是二者都以＂救孤＂为核心,都在一定程度上肯定并宣扬了儒家思想的＂仁义＂精神,尽管伏尔泰对儒家思想存在误读。     

《女海盗金寡妇》创作对《金云翘传》两个版本的受容

博尔赫斯早期小说《女海盗金寡妇》是一部由中国题材改写而成的小说,它在题材处理、主题思想及人物形象等方面均与中国青心才人版《金云翘传》有着千丝万缕的联系。这部小说既体现了东方文化尤其是中国文化对他的影响,同时又是博尔赫斯式西方改编的典型代表,可以从比较文学形象学角度加以分析。在这两部小说之外,越南诗人阮攸据《金云翘传》改编的同题“六八体诗句”,则完全是东方文化视角下的改编,与博尔赫斯的作品形成鲜明对比。     

自古妃子多薄命——《汉宫秋》与《梧桐雨》之比较

马致远和白朴是元代早期著名的剧作家,被后人并列为元剧＂四大家＂。他们的代表作《梧桐雨》和《汉宫秋》分别是以唐明皇和杨贵妃、汉元帝和王昭君的爱情故事改编而成的。这两部作品在创作上可谓是同中有异,异中见同。本文从题材、角色安排和情感表达、悲剧构思等方面来比较两剧的异同,并从中分析中国古代帝王和妃子的爱情悲剧及其根源。     

南戏与杂剧《拜月亭》之改编关系浅论

关剧是根据南戏改编的可以从很多方面进行具体的考证,而支持南戏改编了杂剧《拜月亭》的学者所依据的一个很重要参照就是剧作的体制问题。本文试从结构形式入手对南戏与杂剧《拜月亭》之间改编于被改编的关系进行初步的探索。     

试说《朱自清全集》的一篇佚文

１９３１年８月,朱自清赴英国访学,与赴法留学的李健吾同行。到巴黎后,他辞别李健吾去了伦敦。１９３２年,“一·二八”淞沪抗战发生后,李健吾以十九路军抗战为题材,写了三幕剧《火线以外》和五景剧《火线之内》。那年５月,朱自清自英国到了巴黎,为《火线之内》写...     

《聊斋志异》改编热引发的思考

和旧版相比,新版电视剧《聊斋》故事中的人物更具人性化。在古装剧遭遇审美疲劳的尴尬时刻,《聊斋》故事又引发了新的收视热潮。如果说上世纪86版《聊斋》剧的最大特点是忠实原著,而新版《聊斋》剧则是题材新颖时尚、情节曲折生动、人性细腻复杂,尤其是对人性的挖掘更具深度,典型性更加丰富,可看性很强。而由改编带来的一系列问题也不能不引起我们的关注。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.