Making use of cloud computing for healthcare provision: Opportunities and challenges

Cloud or utility computing is an emerging new computing paradigm designed to deliver numerous computing services through networked media such as the Web. This approach offers several advantages to potential users such as “metered” use (i.e., pay-as-you-go) which offers scalability, online delivery of software and virtual hardware services (e.g., collaboration programmes, virtual servers, virtual storage devices) which would enable organizations to obviate the need to own, maintain and update their software and hardware infrastructures. The flexibility of this emerging computing service has opened many possibilities for organizations that did not exist before. Among those organizations are those engaged in healthcare provision. The aim of this article is to shed some light on this development and explore the potential (and future) of cloud computing in contributing to the advancement of healthcare provision. A small case study will also be presented and discussed.     

The emergence of an educational tool industry: Opportunities and challenges for innovation in education

The paper addresses two issues. One concerns the general conditions and procedures involved in the emergence of a tool industry. Tool industries emerge and evolve as a collection of capital goods and tool inventors and manufacturers. One of our goals is to use some of the works on historical cases to build a heuristic framework concerning the main conditions for the emergence and development of tool industries. The other issue is more factual and involves the question whether a tool industry is today emerging in the area of education. The paper describes the emergence of a population of firms specialised in developing and commercialising educational tools and instructional technologies and discuss whether this trend can be seen as part of the solution to the innovation deficit and cost disease problems in this sector?     

黑龙江省跨越式科技发展的机遇与挑战

知识经济的兴起，既是机遇，又是挑战。首先，从理论上探讨了跨越式科技发展的可行性，其次，结合黑龙江省科技发展的优势及困境，提出黑龙江省跨越式科技发展的策略。     

电子政府的发展方向及其面临的挑战

信息技术的发展，特别是网络技术突飞猛进的发展，正在深刻地改变着传统信息传递的方式、人际的沟通方式和社会管理的组织方式，深刻地影响着社会生产和生活的各个角落。一个国家或地区信息化程度的高低已成为衡量其综合实力的核心标志之一，全面实现全球信息资源共享，已成为世界各国政府的共识。近年来，欧共体国家、美国、日本等世界发达国家为提高其国际竞争优势，相继推出国家信息基础建设新举，并积极筹划建设“电子政府”或“连线政府”，来提升政府工作效率，提高政府为公众服务水平和服务质量，以建立一个反映人民需求为导向的政府…     

For what they are,not for what they bring: The signaling value of gender for financial resource acquisition in academic spin-offs

Due to the novelty of their technology base and the multiple goals pursued by their entrepreneurial teams, academic spin-offs (ASOs) suffer information asymmetries with investors that impair their ability to raise finance. In line with the signaling theory, we expect that observable features of an ASO can mitigate such information asymmetries, especially in conditions of higher uncertainty about the venture. We put forward that a larger share of capital owned by female shareholders adds to such uncertainty due to their outsider condition in academic entrepreneurship and the negative bias of investors against female entrepreneurs.Through a multi-level Tobit regression on a sample of Italian ASOs, we find that the amount of private investment is negatively associated with the degree of female ownership and positively associated with the investment of the parent university and full professors. The latter two factors moderate the relationship between degree of female ownership and private investment so that it becomes less negative.The results provide evidence of the persisting gender gap in entrepreneurial finance and highlight the role of parent universities in closing such a gap.     

对湿地旅游资源的初步探讨及吉林省发展生态旅游的机遇和挑战

本文对湿地旅游资源的特征进行了总结,在此基础上,分别依据湿地资源本身的属性和湿地旅游活动的属性对湿地资源的分类进行了探讨。总结了研究湿地旅游资源的意义,认为对旅游资源的研究有利于加强保护及更合理地评价旅游地资源。同时也对吉林省发展生态旅游的机遇以及挑战进行了初步分析     

We are not alone: A sample of international policy challenges and issues

Abstract

International trade in information technology involves political, economic, and military factors that are highly interrelated, making U.S. policy formulation a complex process which requires extensive data on foreign and domestic policies and technological capabilities. An analysis of U.S. policy for controlling the reexport of high‐technology goods provides an example of this interdependence. Four primary points are emphasized throughout the paper: (1) there seems to be only limited appreciation of how different issues get entangled in the international arena; (2) the data on which to base policy decisions regarding information technology do not exist in a readily available and usable form; (3) there is little understanding of the technological status and policy support for information technology in other countries; and (4) the people needed to analyze international developments and policies in the information technologies are not being trained.     

大数据时代:地质学的挑战与机遇

大数据正在影响着人类生活,改变着人类认识和研究世界的思维方式。作为典型数据密集型学科的地质学,正面临着前所未有的挑战与机遇。为了应对这一挑战,地质学家不仅需要改进传统的研究方法,更重要的是要改变传统思维模式,拥抱大数据时代的到来。地质学与大数据的结合不仅极大拓展了地质学的认知空间,提升了获取地质学新知识的能力,同时为地质学支撑的能源矿产调查、环境资源合理利用以及防灾减灾等社会生产和公共服务提供了创新活力。在分析国内地质学大数据研究现状的基础上,文章阐述了我国地质学大数据研究的前沿科学问题,提出了地质学大数据发展战略目标,探讨了地质学大数据发展面临的主要问题和解决途径。大数据将改变地质学家的思维方式,数据驱动的科学发现模式将为地质学的发展带来全新的面貌,文章呼吁地质学界对大数据给予更多的关注和支持。     

“微时代”背景下大学生思想政治教育的机遇与挑战

以微博、微信等互联网沟通工具的广泛运用标志着―微时代‖的到来,对高校大学生思想政治教育工作提出了更高要求。微时代背景下,高校思想政治教育的机遇在于丰富思想政治教育内容,创新沟通方式、扩大思想政治教育范围,促进资源共享和提升思想政治教育效率,增进师生互动。其挑战在于冲击了传统思想政治教育方法、影响了师生之间的关系和挑战了传统思想政治教育方式。因此,通过充实高校思想政治教育内容、加强高校思想政治教育队伍建设和创新高校思想政治教育方法等措施,进一步提升高校思想政治教育水平。     

科学发展观：艺术职业教育的机遇与挑战

科学发展观是一个全新的发展理念,为我国的艺术职业教育奠定了理论基础,指明了正确方向。本文针对我国艺术职业教育的现状,运用科学发展观的理念,指导艺术职业教育积极地应对机遇与挑战,促进艺术职业教育的健康发展。     

信息共享空间:高校图书馆的机遇与挑战

信息共享空间是20世纪90年代国外大学图书馆兴起的一种服务创新模式.介绍了IC的概念、特征、优势,阐述了建立IC的重要意义及构建条件,最后提出高校IC面临的问题与挑战.     

Chips,tags and scanners: Ethical challenges for radio frequency identification

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems identify and track objects, animals and, in principle, people. The ability to gather information obtained by tracking consumer goods, government documents, monetary transactions and human beings raises a number of interesting and important privacy issues. Moreover, RFID systems pose an ensemble of other ethical challenges related to appropriate uses and users of such systems. This paper reviews a number of RFID applications with the intention of identifying the technology’s benefits and possible misuses. We offer an overview and discussion of the most important ethical issues concerning RFID, and describes and examine some methods of protecting privacy. Norman G. Einspruch serves as a consultant to several high-technology companies, one of which is in the RFID components and systems business.     

Modelling information flow for organisations: A review of approaches and future challenges

Modelling is a classic approach to understanding complex problems that can be achieved diagrammatically to visualise concepts, and mathematically to analyse attributes of concepts. An organisation as a communicating entity is a made up of constructs in which people can have access to information and speak to each other. Modelling information flow for organisations is a challenging task that enables analysts and managers to better understand how to: organise and coordinate processes, eliminate redundant information flows and processes, minimise the duplication of information and manage the sharing of intra- and inter-organisational information.     

Plastid transformation: Advances and challenges for its implementation in agricultural crops

Chloroplast biotechnology has emerged as a promissory platform for the development of modified plants to express products aimed mainly at the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and energy industries. This technology’s high value is due to its high capacity for the mass production of proteins. Moreover, the interest in chloroplasts has increased because of the possibility of expressing multiple genes in a single transformation event without the risk of epigenetic effects. Although this technology solves several problems caused by nuclear genetic engineering, such as turning plants into safe bio-factories, some issues must still be addressed in relation to the optimization of regulatory regions for efficient gene expression, cereal transformation, gene expression in non-green tissues, and low transformation efficiency. In this article, we provide information on the transformation of plastids and discuss the most recent achievements in chloroplast bioengineering and its impact on the biopharmaceutical and agricultural industries; we also discuss new tools that can be used to solve current challenges for their successful establishment in recalcitrant crops such as monocots.How to cite: Quintín Rascón-Cruz Q, González-Barriga CD, Iglesias-Figueroa BF, et al. Plastid transformation: Advances and challenges for its implementation in agricultural crops. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.03.005     

三大周期交汇:建设国家创新系统的机遇与挑战

21世纪初是三大周期的会合期,世界经济、国际政治和科学技术几乎同时进入了一个新的发展周期,并且科学是新世纪的世界核心问题。正在建设国家创新系统的中国,要认识这些准周期性的规律,把握发展经济的机遇,应对来自政治霸权的挑战,创造连接传统的未来,以为世界科学的发展做贡献。     

合成生物学的发展:我国面临的机遇与挑战

在“组学”与系统生物学的基础上,引入工程学概念,诞生了高度学科交叉的合成生物学.合成生物学以其工程化思维及由此衍生的崭新的科研文化,唤醒了生物学及相关传统学科从“发现”走向“创造”的强大生命力,正在带来生物学向工程技术科学转化的重大变革.本文在综述国际发展态势的基础上,从针对前沿交叉学科的前瞻性规划,战略性引导,早期布局,机制配套,创新人才培养,工程技术人才队伍集聚以及产学研创新价值链建设等角度入手,分析了我国合成生物学发展面临的挑战与机遇.     

西部企业未来技术优势的形成条件和机会

本文对西部实施技术追赶战略客观现实性及制约因素进行了分析，比较了有关技术进步的经济理论对技术进步范式的解释，着重从技术进入机会和技术进入的成本，以及技术周期的成本变化的理论研究出发，对西部地区及其企业的四种技术进入方式及其追赶模式的战略选择进行了经济分析和描述，试图从定性的理论模式分析中，对西部的未来的技术优势的形成和发展的机会作出评价。     

科技创新推动下“智慧土地”发展的机遇与挑战

我国土地资源禀赋和人口经济持续快速增长的压力,导致土地资源高强度、高风险利用等不可持续发展问题,迫切需要土地科技创新,转变土地资源治理模式,提升土地资源治理能力,以及发展以土地资源数字化、精细化、智能化为核心的"智慧土地"。文章探讨了智慧土地的基本概念和内涵,分析了"智慧土地"建设存在的问题与挑战,提出了亟待突破的关键技术,为我国顺利推进"智慧土地"建设提供参考和借鉴。