主体性教师——教师教育的应然选择

教师是今日教育中的核心人物，教师教育是今日教育研究中的非常话语。教师的成长是一个全生命的终身学习过程，工具性教师是对今日教师的简约表征．主体性教师是对明日教师的形象期待。确立主体性的教师教育观念，创设主体性的教师教育过程，实行主体性的教育管理方式，是主体性教师培育的基本要求。     

促进者—幼儿主体性教育中的教师角色

幼儿主体性教育是以发展儿童主体性为目标导向和价值追求的教育活动，教师的教育行为模式直接制约受教育－幼儿的身心发展。教师角色应该是儿童发展的“促进”，同时，教师自身主体性的培养是实施幼儿主体性教育的前提。     

关注教师作为“人”的存在：论教师教育研究的人文主义取向--第二届全球教师教育峰会综述

文章基于第二届全球教师教育峰会,对教师教育领域关注外在标准与关注教师内在主体性之争进行讨论。本届峰会关注教师作为“人”的存在,在内容上通过关注教师作为主体性存在与教师作为社会建构存在两个方面呈现,在研究方法上更多采用质性研究,体现出教师教育研究人文主义取向。人文主义取向教师教育研究对我国教师教育的启示在于：教师教育需要首先关注并理解教师作为“人”的存在;教师教育研究应基于一定的历史、文化与社会发展的脉络,体现教师的主体性,实现教师教育研究的全球视角与本土情境的融合。     

论教师创造精神的解放

进行教育创新是新世纪新教育的必然要求，教师在教育创新中承担着重要的使命，教师富有创新精神，才能培养出创新型人才。教师职业本应含有创造的价值，但我国传统与现实的教育实践却使得教师无法超出“历史”赋予他们的职责，教师创造精神始终得不到解放。解放教师创造精神的基本途径是：普及教育科学，提高教师对创造精神的认识；发展教师主体性，增强教师主体性地位；强化教育管理规范的引导功能。     

教师主体性的再认识

在我国当前的教育界，学生的主体性备受关注，但人们不敢或不愿多谈及教师主体性，似乎一谈教师主体性，就会削弱学生主体性。我认为，学生的主体性与教师的主体性不是此消彼长的关系，而是相辅相成的关系。教师作为教育活动的重要组织者、参与者，其主体性是教育中不可缺失的一个重要方面。面对我国当前教育中教师主体性缺失的状况，我们必须采取行之有效的措施来确保和促进教师主体性的实现。     

论主体性与教师成长

从多角度提出弘扬教师成长与发展的主体性的必要性和必然性，并对教师主体性的内涵、结构和特点进行粗浅的分析，同时，提出了教师如何实现主体性的成长与发展的几点建议。     

我国教师教育的发展与教育主体性

教育的发展离不开教育主体,在教师教育100多年的发展史中,教育主体性发生不断变迁:从最初的计划、单一、封闭的主体性僵化模式到灵活、多元、开放的主体性发展模式。新的时期,教师教育主体性的真正发挥仍存在一定的问题,只有充分发挥教师教育改革中的主体性,针对教育者、受教育者的特征来把握未来教师教育发展的方向,才能为我国教师教育的发展提供动力,为我国基础教育事业的发展培养优秀的师资。     

论教师专业化的发展——教师的主体性观照

教师专业化已经成为教师职业发展的重要趋势。在这一趋势下，教师作为学校教育中“人”的因素，其主体性问题已经凸现。建构教师的主体性，解决学校教育中“人”的因素的问题，将有利于促进教师专业化的发展。     

教师教育的主体性提升功能

教学和科研,不仅是现代教师主体性的两维,而且是教师教育必须承担的两大责任。失去其中之一,教师就不再是完整意义上的教师,教师教育也就不再是真正意义上的教师教育。教师教育不仅要尊重教师作为教学主体和科研主体的事实,而且要变更观念、采取措施,促使教师教学主体性和科研主体性的不断发展和提升。     

教师在主体性教育中地位的理性思考

主体性教育已成为一种思潮，深入人心。学生是教育过程中的主体已勿庸置疑，然而，教师的主体地位却不容忽视。如果顾此失彼，此消彼长，甚至走入将“教师主体”等同于“教师中心”的误区，只会导致主体性教育从一个极端走向另一个极端。     

Millennial generation preservice teachers inspiring the design of teacher education

The article presents an interpretive phenomenological approach (IPA) to preservice teachers’ experiences of their current secondary teacher education programme (STEP) in Finland. The focus of the study is the millennial generation cohort in which new teachers comprise a key group to be studied because they will contribute to the future of education. Thirteen preservice teachers participated in the study. Their experiences are interpreted through the lenses of generation theory and contemporary teacher education research. The findings include three phenomenological themes that are core elements of STEP: time balance, reciprocal participation and meaningfulness. These themes are discussed and suggestions made for ways to transform teacher education to make it more relevant.     

The promise of experiential education in teacher education: transforming teacher beliefs and practices

Building from the theories of Dewey and Kolb and Fry, we sought to examine the impact of experiential education in teacher education on teacher beliefs and practices. The teacher education model described in this article sets out to challenge the seduction of the apprenticeship of observation and create an opportunity for in-service teachers to re-imagine their teaching in concrete and transformative ways. Immersed in a weeklong experiential residency in either the mountains or at a local environmental education farm, the teachers in the study were challenged physically, intellectually, socially, and emotionally in and through the experience. The experiential work ultimately led to changes in teacher participants’ beliefs and practices related to teacher and student roles and potentialities. Although challenges exist for this type of practice in K-12 classrooms and in teacher education, experiential education has a significant potential to change the way teachers think about and act in their practice.     

The meaning of teacher education in an exam-oriented education system: lessons from novice secondary teachers in Korea

This study investigated four novice secondary teachers’ experience and perceptions of teacher education in relation to their current work experience in a high-stakes testing context. The novice teachers commonly indicated that their preparation, which had focused on content expertise, turned out to have little significance in schools, as they mainly executed teaching to the test. Instead, their role as homeroom teachers, which was concerned with caring and supporting students, was found to have much more significance. Accordingly, they indicated that teacher education must more strongly emphasise preparing teachers for that role, which requires them to become mature, considerate, and autonomous educators. Based on this finding, this study suggests the need for a clearer conception of and emphasis on the subjectification function of teacher education that is grounded in the consideration of the fundamental vision, purpose, and meaning of teacher education in a society.     

构建适合中国国情的一流教师教育新体制

目前中国师范教育体制存在的主要问题是 :教师培养水平滞后于社会发展的要求 ;教师教育的观念与体制滞后于时代的发展 ;教师教育的培养模式亟须改造 ;国家对教师教育的投入严重不足。中国高等师范教育未来的走向主要是 :开放性教师培养体制逐步确立 ;教师教育水平逐步提升 ;各级各类教师教育的分工与竞争格局形成 ;终身教育观念逐步落实 ;教师教育投资与管理体制综合化。高等师范教育体制改革的指导思想是 :立足国情 ,放眼世界 ,解放思想 ,锐意改革 ,依据国家“科教兴国”的总体战略 ,探索有中国特色的现代化教师教育新体制。高等师范教育体制改革的核心目标是用 1 0年左右的时间 ,完成目前单一的计划、定向型师范教育向计划调控和市场机制相互补充、定向与非定向相结合的教师教育体制的过渡     

Becoming interested during teacher education

In this article we examine first-year student teachers’ possibilities to become interested in professional issues in teacher education. We study the phenomenon of becoming interested among first-year student teachers via three different kinds of data. We analysed our data through John Dewey’s definition of interest, where a person has an interest if s/he is actively keen on some object that has personal meaning for her/him. According to our data, student teachers adopt an object of interest that teacher educators provide. Learners found it difficult to find the objects of interests by themselves, and it was exceptional for them to find personal meaning and an active state of interest. This is problematic because studying may be performance-oriented without the conditions of interest conceptualised by Dewey. Through our study we also discuss a theoretical approach which would help understand the mechanism behind becoming interested.     

Initial and changing student teacher motivation and commitment to teaching

In an era of teacher shortages, what would motivate individuals to become teachers when the demands on teachers are greater than ever and there are plenty of alternative occupations from which to choose? This paper presents the findings of a study of student teachers' motivations to be primary teachers and their commitment to teaching after their first practicum. Results suggested that student teachers are multi‐motivated to be teachers. The most common reasons for choosing teaching reflected a positive self‐evaluation of their attributes and capabilities to be teachers, to work with children and because of the intellectual stimulation teaching would provide. Motivation and commitment changed to some extent over the first semester of initial teacher education, particularly as a result of the first practicum. Implications for policy, practice and future research are drawn from the results to help attract, retain and educate the next generation of teachers and in some way help offset forecasted teacher shortages.     

地方高师高层次教师教育人才培养的机遇与对策

教师教育的变革给地方师范大学发展带来了前所未有的挑战;《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》颁布及全国教育工作会议的召开,对教师教育提出了新的要求;我国研究生教育结构性调整,为地方师范大学发展提供了新的视角。笔者认为,地方师范大学将挑战与要求转化为发展动力,抓住难得发展机遇,提升教师教育人才培养层次,扩大教育硕士规模,坚持培养原则,创新培养保障措施,确保培养质量,是其充分发挥自身优势与突出办学特色,在激烈市场竞争中谋求长远发展的较佳选择。     

从师范课程改革看台湾小学教师培养思想的调整

小学教师专业化已成为世界教师教育的共同发展趋势。从台湾几所师范学院课程改革可以看出台湾小学教师培养思想的调整趋向：(1)构建开放性、发展性的教师教育体系；(2)师范性与学术性相统一，促进小学教师专业发展。