英语课堂教师话语与可理解性输入

教师话语是教师在外语课堂上组织和从事教学所使用的语言。由于缺乏英语语言学习的外部环境,教师话语就成为学生语言输入的主要来源。然而,在教学过程中,许多教师只重视教授的内容,不注重学生的可理解程度,这严重阻碍了学生的语言习得过程。本文探讨了教师话语与可理解性输入的关系,并提出了使教师话语更容易被理解的方式。     

Teacher Talk in College English Classroom

English teachers mainly pass on knowledge through teacher talk in China. This paper focuses on the analysis of characteristics of teacher talk and discusses some ways to make teacher talk more comprehensible for learners' input. It has been concluded that with conscious improvement or exploration on teacher talk in practice, teachers can greatly enhance their teacher talk and make an effective combination between teacher talk and comprehensible input.     

Case studies of teachers' understandings of the pedagogy of classroom talk: some critical moments explored

This case study research is informed by Vygotsky's view that talk is essential to organise our thoughts and extend our thinking and that, as Barnes suggested, the teacher needs to use the social situation effectively in the classroom to promote talk for learning. This article focuses on pedagogy and teachers' understandings of how talk works in the classroom, as I sought to illuminate teachers' intuitions and insights and their views of what they find challenging in organising classroom talk. Three case studies of ‘critical moments’ in a lesson suggest that teacher knowledge about talk is located in concrete practices. The three teachers viewed a recorded lesson and chose a moment they defined as ‘critical’ because the moment helped them to learn something about the way they use talk in the classroom. They then discussed this moment with me. These collaborative but critically evaluative processes are particularly useful for exploring and probing teachers' knowledge about talk for learning, an area of pedagogy that has proved so resistant to change over quite a long period. These three teachers suggest that such talk is becoming more marginal under the impact of performativity and the new cultural restorationist English curriculum.     

中职英语优质课教师话语的实证研究

教师话语贯穿于课堂教学的整个过程,不仅是教师完成教学计划的辅助工具,更是课堂语言输入的主要来源,在教师进行课堂教学及学生完成语言习得的过程中具有至关重要的作用。因此,开展教师话语研究具有重要的指导意义及实践价值。通过对上海市中等职业学校教师教学法改革交流评优活动参赛课(公共英语组)中评选出的优秀获奖课和未获奖课之间的教师话语进行对比分析,研究这两类课在教师话语方面的差异,从而揭示中职英语优质课教师话语的使用特点,并希望以此促使中职英语教师更多的关注并优化英语课堂上的教师话语,提高课堂教学质量。     

共同思考和共同学习：课堂讨论的干预研究

在日本的课堂中,学生受到两种不同力量的影响,一种为竞争,即学生都迫切希望成绩更优异;另一种为基于集体的共识,即同样这些学生必须相互合作以应对日常生活。这两种相互矛盾的力量对学生的行为和讨论产生了影响。通过开展一项名为＂通过合作学习＂的教育干预研究,对干预的效果采用了定性和定量的分析,用智力测验测量了学生集体完成非言语推理任务的能力,对干预的前-后测结果进行分析,发现干预是有效的。我们发现,小组讨论质量和个体推理能力有所提高,一些在小组活动和小组讨论中有困难（孤僻、不参与活动或被忽视）的学生有了进步,教师对小组讨论的看法以及管理小组讨论的技能也发生了改变。同时,我们也发现了某些障碍使得小组活动无法很好地进入课堂。可能需要提供进一步的干预才能实现＂班级＂的合作功能。     

Exploring the relationship between dialogic teacher talk and students’ persuasive writing

Studies have documented the importance of dialogic classroom discourse for supporting academic outcomes such as reading comprehension and vocabulary development. This study examines the relationship between teacher talk during whole-classroom discussions in 42 classrooms and post-discussion persuasive essays from students in grades four through seven (n = 471). Teacher talk was coded by type of question (contestable, semi-open, or quiz-like) and teachers' follow-ups (prompting, pressing for reasoning, active listening), and further categorized as indicating either high or low levels of dialogic talk. Multilevel modeling that accounts for student participation rate, discussion topic, and students' demographic information shows that high dialogic teacher talk positively predicts students’ persuasive essay scores, while low dialogic teacher talk negatively predicts their scores. The study supports existing hypotheses about the role of teacher dialogic talk in whole-class settings.     

用课堂教学语言营造英语语言环境

英语课堂教学是英语学习者所需要的最便捷的语言环境，这一语言环境是通过英语教学语言来实现的.英语教学语言是英语学习者能获得的重要语言环境之一。本文就用课堂教学语言营造英语语言环境的必要性、英语教学语言的概念、特点及其作用作简浅论述。     

河南省新升本院校英语精读课堂教师话语研究

随着"以学生为中心"的主题教学模式的出现和逐步推广,众多一线教师与研究人员开始关注英语课堂上教师的言语行为对学生二语习得的影响和作用。本研究采用自然调查法对河南省两所新升本院校外语系精读课堂上的教师话语进行调查研究,从而分析英语精读课堂中教师话语的使用情况及存在的问题,为新生本院校的英语专业精读课程教学提供一定的参考。     

试论改进中学英语课堂教学中的教师话语

教师话语占用的课堂时间越多，学生参与练习的机会就越少，教师话语的数量和质量的某种程度上会影响甚至决定课堂教学的成败。在分析了影响教师话语的因素以及目前教师话语在中学英语课堂教学中的使用状况这后，本文提出了改进教师话语的有效方法；改变教师在课堂上的角色，合理规划教师话语，改变单一的提问模式，对回答积极反馈。     

幼儿园的“焦点访谈”活动——提高幼儿语言交往能力的新途径

幼儿园的"焦点访谈"是利用晨间餐前课余时间,借"焦点访谈"栏目访谈的形式,通过对访谈内容的科学设计,访谈活动的精心组织安排,给幼儿自由发挥思维的空间,培养幼儿的观察能力,提高其语言表达能力和社会交往能力,同时增强幼儿自信心,促进其良好品行形成的有效途径,是一种以幼儿为主体的活动,也是我们对幼儿语言及社会交往能力课题开展的新探索、新尝试。     

The link between student-perceived teacher talk and student enjoyment,anxiety and discursive engagement in the classroom

This study seeks to understand the emotional connection of teachers' academically productive talk (APT) with student learning from the students' perspective. Using a sample of 2,225 students (N_{7th grade} = 1,146 and N_{8th grade} = 1,079) from 16 middle schools in a city of China, we investigate the relationship between students' perceptions of their teachers’ APT, student emotions (enjoyment and anxiety) and their discursive engagement with others in the mathematics classroom. Results from structural equation modelling and mediation analysis show that after controlling for gender, family resources and mathematics achievement, student-perceived teacher APT was positively associated with their discursive engagement with classmates. Furthermore, student enjoyment and anxiety in class mediated the relationship between student-perceived teacher APT and student discursive engagement with classmates. Multi-group analysis revealed that the model was invariant across genders and grades, indicating that the associations were applicable to male and female students as well as to seventh and eighth graders. These findings shed light on the emotional relationship of teacher APT with the discursive engagement of their students. Although prior research observes a positive relationship between teacher productive classroom talk and student discursive engagement primarily through classroom observations and teacher reflections, this study provides evidence from the students’ perspective and highlights the mediating role of student emotions in the relationship.     

大学英语课堂教师话语的调查与分析

大学英语课堂教师话语不仅是组织课堂和操纵教学的工具,也是课堂语言学习的内容和语言应用的范例。鉴于此,大学英语课堂教师话语会影响甚至决定课堂教学的成败。该研究采用自然调查法,通过课堂观察、录音和问卷调查,就五位大学英语教师课堂话语的样本从教师话语的数量、母语的使用量、教师提问、交互调整的方式及教师对学生的反馈5个方面进行剖析,从而全面、详细地描述和分析大学英语课堂教师话语的特点,以期发现问题,对提升大学英语课堂教师话语的质与量提出建议。     

Teacher Talk and English Teaching

Ｔｅａｃｈｅｒｔａｌｋ (ＴＴ)ｉｓｏｆｃｒｕｃｉａｌｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｃｅｆｏｒａｌｌｃｌａｓｓｒｏｏｍｓ ,ｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｌｙｔｈｅＥｎｇｌｉｓｈｌａｎｇｕａｇｅｔｅａｃｈｉｎｇｃｌａｓｓｒｏｏｍ ,ｂｅｃａｕｓｅｉｎＥｎｇｌｉｓｈｔｅａｃｈｉｎｇ (ＥＴ) ,ｌａｎｇｕａｇｅｉｓｎｏｔｏｎｌｙｔｈｅｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅｏｆｔｈｅｃｏｕｒｓｅ ,ｂｕｔａｌｓｏｔｈｅｍｅｄｉａｔｏａｃｈｉｅｖｅｔｈｅｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ.Ｂｏｔｈｔｈｅｏｒｇａ ｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｃｌａｓｓｒｏｏｍａｎｄｔｈｅｐｒｏｃ…     

浅谈英语教师话语的特征及使用原则

教师话语是指教师在课堂上组织教学和传授知识所使用的语言.在国内第二语言课堂,由于学习者缺乏学习英语的自然环境,所以,教师话语就是学习者目的语输入的主要来源.作者首先探讨了英语教师话语在形式上和功能上的双重特征,然后指出为了合理有效地使用教师话语,教师应该遵循规范性、灵活性、交互性和艺术性这几大原则,以期使教师话语在第二语言课堂教学中发挥最佳效能.     

教师课堂话语的“支架”功能——以一堂省级英语优质课的教师话语为例

文章从布鲁（Bruner）等人的“支架”理论出发,分析了一堂省级英语优质课中的教师话语片段。通过对该教师的课堂话语进行微观分析,认为“以学生为中心”的英语教学的实施不应简单体现在教师在课堂上是否少说,是否组织学生进行小组活动,相反,更要体现在教师是否通过合理使用多种话语工具实现促进学生语言学习的多样“支架”功能,从而成为学生课堂学习的促进者。     

大学英语教师课堂话语特点的调查与分析——以丽水学院为例

为探索我国地方新建本科院校英语教师课堂话语的现状及特点,采用课堂录音、问卷调查相结合的自然调查法,对丽水学院外语学院4位英语教师的英语课从教师话语量、教师提问、交互调整特点、教师反馈等四个方面进行了客观的调查和分析,结果表明：教师话语量大于学生话语量;展示性问题多于参考性问题;教师使用最多的交互调整方式是理解核实,而不是确认核实,很少使用澄清请求;教师采用的大多是积极有效的反馈方式。     

教师话语对学习者语言输入与输出的作用

教师话语是学生在课堂上语言输入的重要组成部分,它在组织课堂教学和学习者语言习得过程中起着至关重要的作用,直接影响着学习者的语言输出。但长期以来很多教师并没有意识到自己的话语对学生输入、输出的影响及其在指导课堂交互中所起的作用。本文主要以克拉申的“可理解性语言输入”及斯万的“输出假说”为理论基础探讨了教师话语对语言输入与输出的影响。     

On Teacher Talk in ELT Classroom Teaching

Teacher talk (TT for short) in China’s ELT (English as Foreign Language Teaching) classroom teaching refers to the speech that the teacher uses to speak to students when the teacher undertakes teaching tasks and spread knowledge. This article will firstly introduce teacher talk briefly and then analyze some strategies with regard to TT with the ultimate purposes of illustrating how effective teacher talk contributes to the good relationship between teacher and students in ELT classroom.     

‘That's not treating you as a professional’: teachers constructing complex professional identities through talk

Public debates about the role of teachers and teacher performance place teachers at the center of a range of national and local discourses. The notion of teacher professional identity, therefore, framed in a variety of ways, engages people across social contexts, whether as educators, parents, students, taxpayers, voters or consumers of news and popular media. These highly contested discourses about teachers' roles and responsibilities constitute an important context for research on teachers and teaching, as researchers and educators ask how changes to the teaching profession affect teacher professional identity. This article investigates the identity talk of three mid‐career teachers in an urban, public school in the USA, to better understand how the teachers used language to accomplish complex professional identities. Research approaches to teacher identity often focus on teacher narrative as a key tool in identity formation. The analysis presented here extends our understanding of language as a resource in teacher identity construction by using discourse analysis to investigate how speakers use implicit meaning to accomplish the role identity of teacher. The analytical lens draws on an interdisciplinary framework that combines a sociological approach to teacher as a role identity with an investigation of language as a cultural practice, grounded in the ethnography of communication. The analysis focuses on how teachers use specific discourse strategies – reported speech, mimicked speech, pronoun shifts, oppositional portraits, and juxtaposition of explicit claims – to construct implicit identity claims that, while they are not stated directly, are central to accomplishing teacher as a role identity. The analysis presented here focuses on the particular implicit role claim of teacher as collaborator. Findings show that, in their identity talk, the teachers strategically positioned themselves in relation to others and to institutional practices, actively negotiating competing discourses about teacher identity by engaging in a counter discourse emphasizing teachers' professional role as knowledge producers rather than information deliverers, collaborative, rather than isolated, and as agents of change engaged in critical analysis to plan action. Awareness of how these counter discourses operate in the teachers' conversation helps us better understand the cultural significance of identity talk as a site for the negotiation of the significances for the role identity of teacher. In addition, the notions of role identity and implicit identity claims offer an accessible way to talk about the complexity of teacher identity, which can be helpful for increasing awareness of the importance of teacher identity in teacher education and professional development, and in bringing teachers' voices more prominently into the debates over education.