多重网络嵌入、知识整合与知识创造绩效

基于网络嵌入理论和知识管理理论,建立理论模型,研究多重网络嵌入对知识创造绩效的影响,以及知识整合的中介作用和创造氛围的调节作用。利用福建省四个产业集群的调研数据,运用结构方程模型进行实证分析,结果表明：知识嵌入对知识创造绩效有显著的直接正向影响;知识整合发挥差异性的中介作用;内部知识整合在结构嵌入与知识创造绩效间发挥完全中介作用;外部知识整合在关系嵌入与知识创造绩效间发挥完全中介作用;内外部知识整合在知识嵌入与创造绩效间均发挥部分中介作用;创造氛围在内部知识整合和创造绩效中有调节作用。研究结论为解释多重网络嵌入与知识创造绩效间的内部作用关系提供了新的视角,为集群企业提升知识创造绩效给予借鉴     

知识惯性、知识整合与新产品开发绩效研究

对企业知识惯性、知识整合与新产品开发绩效的关系进行了实证研究,并选取我国珠三角地区的165家高新技术企业作为实证研究对象。研究结果表明:(1)企业经验惯性不但对新产品开发绩效产生显著的正向直接影响效果,而且还分别通过外部知识整合以及内部知识整合两个中间变量分别对新产品开发绩效产生显著的正向间接影响效果;(2)企业程序惯性和资讯惯性对新产品开发绩效都没有直接的显著影响,但程序惯性会通过外部及内部知识整合,仍然对新产品开发绩效产生显著的负向影响,而企业资讯惯性也会通过外部知识整合,负面影响新产品开发绩效;(3)知识整合包括外部知识整合和内部知识整合,均对企业新产品开发绩效产生显著的正向直接影响。     

跨界搜寻对企业创新绩效的作用机制研究——基于知识整合和战略柔性的视角

基于知识基础观和注意力理论,构建跨界搜寻、知识整合、战略柔性和企业创新绩效研究模型,运用SPSS23.0和Amos24.0软件进行实证检验.结果表明,跨认知技术知识搜寻、跨地域技术知识搜寻、跨认知市场知识搜寻与创新绩效均具有显著的倒"U"型关系,跨地域市场知识搜寻与创新绩效的倒"U"型关系不显著;知识整合在跨界搜寻4个...     

客户导向、技术知识基础多元化与企业创新绩效

客户导向如何影响企业创新是战略和营销领域共同关注的热门议题，但相关研究结论并不一致。其原因在于现有文献忽略了内部能力对客户知识整合的作用，也并未结合客户特征进行分析。基于此本研究探讨了客户导向对企业创新绩效的影响，以及技术知识基础多元化和客户集中度的调节作用。利用2018—2021年沪深A股制造业上市公司数据进行了验证，结果表明：客户导向总体上提升了企业创新绩效；技术知识基础多元化有利于企业对客户知识整合，增强了客户导向与创新绩效之间关系；客户集中度消弱了客户导向与企业创新绩效间关系。研究结论深化了对客户导向与企业创新关系的理论认识，对客户时代背景下企业通过整合内外部知识提升创新绩效有借鉴意义。     

知识网络密度与双元创新绩效关系研究——基于知识基础多元度的调节效应

基于企业内部知识整合对双元创新绩效的影响机理,利用1985—2011年中国汽车产业数据,采用负二项回归模型实证研究了知识网络密度对企业双元绩效的影响,并分析了知识基础相关多元度和非相关多元度的调节效应.研究表明： 企业的知识网络密度提升对利用式创新绩效具有促进作用,但对探索式创新绩效具有抑制作用;知识基础相关多元度强化了知识网络密度对探索式创新绩效的抑制作用,但对知识网络密度与利用式创新绩效关系的调节作用不显著;知识基础非相关多元度强化了知识网络密度对利用式创新绩效的促进作用,同时也强化了知识网络密度对探索式创新绩效的抑制作用.     

顾客知识管理对技术创新绩效影响的研究——一个理论分析框架

将顾客知识分为3种类型,并在此基础上构建一个理论模型,从技术创新过程角度挖掘企业顾客知识管理对企业技术创新不同过程绩效的影响,识别顾客知识管理影响企业技术创新绩效的机理,并在此基础上构建一个理论分析框架,为后续研究提供理论基础。     

异质性知识对企业创新绩效的影响:理论述评与展望

异质性知识对企业核心能力和创新绩效有重要影响。通过文献回顾,系统阐述异质性知识的概念内涵以及企业内外部异质性知识的交互关系,剖析异质性知识对企业创新绩效的直接作用与间接效应、促进作用与负面影响,为全面客观地认识异质性知识对企业创新绩效的影响提供辨证思考。在此基础上提出可测量的异质性知识促进企业创新绩效的研究框架,并对未来的研究给出展望,为更深入的理论与实证研究奠定基础,也为企业创新实施异质性知识组合战略实践提供借鉴参考。     

质量管理实践与企业绩效关系模型研究——扩展知识路径的研究视角

以战略管理理论中竞争优势来源的经典观点为依据,提出并分析了质量管理可以通过知识转移这一中间变量对企业绩效实施影响的逻辑路径,由此构建了质量管理与企业绩效关系的全模型。通过实证研究得出:质量管理实践对于知识转移具有显著影响作用以及传统路径和知识路径之间交互作用并不显著等主要结论。研究的主要意义:从内在逻辑解释了质量管理能够与创新活动相协调的理论依据,发展并完善质量管理与企业绩效关系模型,知识路径的存在为质量管理与知识管理两大实践体系的相互整合提供理论基础,也成为企业开展质量管理活动重要的决策依据。     

基于社会资本、知识整合的企业绩效创新研究

在企业的绩效创新中社会资本、知识整合的重要性日趋明显,本文主要论述了社会资本、知识整合和企业绩效创新的概念、相互间的关系及如何在基于社会资本、知识整合策略之上提升企业绩效创新的能力。     

创业企业的网络嵌入性、知识整合和创新绩效的影响研究

基于企业网络和知识资源的理论,以创业企业为研究对象,对长三角267个创业企业进行实证研究,深入探讨网络嵌入、知识整合与创新绩效的相互影响,认为创业企业的网络嵌入性有利于知识整合与创新绩效的提升,同时,知识管理的创新也将极大地优化企业的创新策略。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.