An Introduction to the Paris 2001 IAEVG Declaration on Educational and Vocational Guidance

At its 50th Anniversary Conference in Paris, IAEVG approved a Declaration on Educational and Vocational Guidance. This declaration delineates a number of principles for quality career guidance and sets guidelines for policy-makers and authorities on what their role should be in developing adequate guidance provision from which individuals and society in general will draw benefit. This introduction includes some reflections as to the why, how and what of this declaration. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

探讨体育教学中如何进行德育渗透

体育教学是培养学生德、智、体全面发展的重要途径,是推行素质教育不可或缺的组成部分。本文对体育教学中的室内体育理论课、室外体育实践课及教师的言传身教三大方面如何渗透德育教育进行了初步探讨。     

Conceptualizing the transition from education to work as vocational practice: Lessons from the UK's creative and cultural sector

The paper argues that: (1) the demise of ‘occupational’ and ‘internal’ and the spread of ‘external’ labour markets in growth areas of UK economy such as the creative and cultural sector, coupled with the massification of higher education which has created a new type of post-degree ‘vocational need’, means that the transition from education to work should be re-thought as the development of vocational practice rather than the acquisition of qualifications; and (2) in order to re-think transition as the development of vocational practice it is necessary to eviscerate the legacy of the ‘traditional’ conception of practice in UK educational policy. The paper reviews a number of alternative social scientific conceptions of practice, formulates more multi-faceted conceptions of vocational practice, and discusses their implications for UK and EU educational policy.     

Responding to regulatory jolts in the English higher education sector

Throughout the world universities are having to face constantly changing environments. A particular type of important change is public policy reforms or regulatory jolts. The English higher education sector is an example of the latter, where constant regulatory jolts have been seen in past decades. Leaders at universities have needed to interpret these environmental changes and decide how to cope with them. In this paper, the case of the post-Browne Review reforms in England’s higher education sector is used in order to explore how senior leaders in universities make sense of regulatory jolts. Based on primary qualitative research, which involved 47 semi-structured interviews with senior university leaders in England, including 24 vice-chancellors, I explore how senior leaders in universities interpreted, or made sense of, the post-Browne Review regulatory jolt. The paper suggests that senior university leaders’ interpretations might be deeply intertwined with their identity interpretations of who they are throughout these periods of turbulence.     

AIDS education for youth through active learning: A school-based approach from Malawi

Health education programmes need to address local understandings of HIV/AIDS within the broader context of sexual behaviour. We report on a locally derived and community orientated questionnaire survey of HIV/AIDS and sexually related behaviour among 756 pupils from two government secondary schools in Malawi. On average, pupils gave the correct answers to more than 70% of the items on the survey. Seventy-two pupils from one of the schools subsequently participated in playing an educational board game about AIDS, once a week, over four weeks. The percentage of correct responses given while playing the board game significantly increased each time the board game was played, and a one-month follow-up questionnaire showed that a significant improvement had been maintained in comparison with the initial questionnaire survey. Pupils who attended the school where the board game was trialed, but who did not participate in the board game, scored slightly, but significantly, higher than pupils from the other ‘no-board game’ control school. This result was tentatively interpreted as a ‘trickle down’ effect. The benefits of introducing active learning methods into schools, of focusing on local understandings of health problems, and of establishing an accurate knowledge base for health promotion are discussed.     

从人文培育视野看“君子”文化正能量

在儒学思想中,君子是"仁"和"义"的形象化和人格化。分析君子在道德取向、人际理想、职场具象等方面的人格特质,充分挖掘其中道德文化正能量,对培育注重人文关怀、理性平和的社会心态,特别是浸润医学人文,有着重要意义和价值。     

私营企业和谐劳资关系的构建

2010年,在深圳富士康短短不到半年的时间里,发生了青年员工"十三跳"事件,造成了严重的社会后果。它以血的代价和教训为整个社会敲响了警钟。必须高度关注中国日益恶化的收入分配问题。但目前我国私营企业劳资关系普遍紧张,究其原因主要有劳资双方力量悬殊,工会软弱,地方政府职能错位或失职等,应转变经营观念,加强工会组织建设,加大劳动督管力度,完善劳动法规。     

To profit or not to profit: the private higher education sector in Brazil

Brazil has by far the largest higher education system in Latin America, with a sizable share of students enrolled in private-sector institutions. Its recently established and fast-growing for-profit sector is one of the largest worldwide. The for-profit sector already surpasses the public sector in student enrollment, and its role is growing. Public policy has supported for-profit growth, ostensibly for tax revenue reasons, but the federal government has recently launched social initiatives that include tax exemption policies for the for-profit sector in exchange for need-based scholarships. Through exploratory data analysis, this study explores the role, function, and form of the for-profit sector compared with its nonprofit and public counterparts. The findings reveal that the for-profit sector shares some important characteristics with the nonprofit sector but contrasts sharply with the public sector. The study concludes that countries such as Brazil are moving toward public funding for private higher education to meet enrollment targets. These findings may be able to address issues in other countries by considering similar public policies toward private higher education.     

How to improve the design of experimental studies in computing education: Evidence from the international assessments

Education and Information Technologies - Cluster randomized trials are frequently used in educational research for methodological reasons. This study aims to improve the efficiency of cluster...     

Non-university sector of higher education closer to the labour market: the Polish experience

Higher education in many countries has been influenced by major factors of change due to globalization and reinforced by the development of internationalization, competition, new and different social demands, strategic importance of higher education as a business, etc. As a result of a tremendous growth in the number of students, higher education is moving towards 'mass studies'; in many cases, this is not coupled with proportional increases in expenditure on education, thus lowering the quality of education. Many countries are trying to solve this problem by developing two sectors of higher education, which may be called 'university sector' and 'vocational/non-university sector'. While the mission of the university sector is to educate intellectual élites, higher vocational education schools should, in principle, offer mass education at the undergraduate/first-stage level. Both types of higher education institutions are needed, and thus one could not speak of any subordination of one sector to another. In 1997 the Polish Parliament passed the Act on Vocational Higher Schools. The Act served as the basis for the establishment of the Accreditation Commission for Vocational Higher Schools, which has the task of laying down educational standards and defined conditions which should be met in order to establish and provide courses in specific vocational specialization as well as staff requirements for such specialization. Furthermore, standards were introduced for teaching facilities and curriculum contents. During the 3 years since the introduction of the Act, 16 public higher vocational education schools and 44 non-public higher vocational schools have been established.     

Quality and equity in the Mongolian education sector

This case study identifies four targets groups that are specific to the achievement of the EFA Millennium Development Goals in Mongolia: boys, out-of-school children, vulnerable children and minorities, and children of herders. Boys from herder families in remote rural areas are at the greatest risk of drop-out or non-enrollment. The case study therefore focuses on problems with access to education for boys from nomadic herder families. The inverse gender gap in the Mongolian education sector is a well-explored topic in educational policy research. What is lacking, however, is a more comprehensive look at how, and why, the combination of gender, household income and location of school—urban, semi-urban, rural—affect access to education in Mongolia.

Progress in education: Vietnam

TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE: TEACHING IN THE INNER CITY by Larry Cuban. New York: Free Press, 1970. xxii + 261 pp. $6.95.

EDUCATIONAL AUDIOLOGY FOR THE LIMITED HEARING INFANT by Doreen Pollack. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher, 1970. xiii + 237 pp. $10.75.

STUDENTS AS LINKS BETWEEN TWO CULTURES edited by Ingrid Eide. New York: UNESCO, 1971. 243 pp. $10.00.

SHARED AUTHORITY ON CAMPUS by Morris Keeton. Washington, D.C.: American Association for Higher Education, 1971. 168 pp. $3.75.

THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION AND THE BLACK TEACHER by Michael John Schultz, Jr. Coral Gables, Florida: University of Miami Press, 1970. 224 pp. $7.95.     

如何应对从电化教育到现代教育技术的改变

本文比较了传统电化教育与现代教育技术的内涵,分析了现代教育技术的发展概况,提出了高等院校教育技术部门在电化教育到现代教育技术改变过程中应承担的任务.     

浅议素质教育在英语教学中的实施

素质教育与语言运用能力紧密相关，实施素质教育是英语教学的关键。本文从优化课堂教学；加强思想教育；面向全体，因材施教；培养语言交际能力这几方面来阐述如何在教学中实施素质教育。     

如何完善民办本科高校大学英语教育

英语向来都是大学课程中的重点科目,在民办本科院校也是如此。近年来大学英语教育,相比较之前也有了一定的进步,比如多媒体在英语课堂的推广和使用。但也还有很多亟待解决的问题。本文揭示了民办本科高校大学英语教育存在的一些问题,总结了国内学者的一些观点,最后提出了自己的一些关于民办本科高校完善大学英语教育的对策。