Passive Accomplice or Active Disruptor

Mediatization of politics in the institutional perspective is commonly taken to refer to the interactions between political actors and media actors, where the first become increasingly governed by media logic and the latter become increasingly independent from other institutions. Even though we could picture the relations between the different constituents as a triangle with audience, media and political actors as equally important corners, the institutionalist perspective does not give equal attention to the audience as actor in the process. In this article, I ask to what extent audience participation in news production affects our understanding of the process of mediatization of politics. I discuss both how audience participation can be seen as a challenge to media's role in politics (challenging the current conceptualization of mediatization of politics) as well as how the theory of mediatization can be seen to be confirmed by currently dominant audience participation practices. In the first understanding, we can argue that audience participation challenges independence of institutional media actors (to give more power to both audiences and politicians). In the latter understanding, audience participation can be seen to be governed by the same commercial interests as other media production and in addition that both mainstream and alternative media are subject to search engine logic. This article then calls for a critical examination of our understanding of mediatization of politics to do justice to the multiplicity of logics informing media practices, the multiplicity of actors producing news and, crucially, the interaction between those logics and actors.     

The Office was asking for it: “that’s what she said” as a joke cycle that perpetuates rape culture

In this essay, we argue that the popular joke, “that’s what she said” is a symbolic representation of rape that contributes to and insulates rape culture. Drawing on Joseph Boskin’s notion of the “joke cycle” and extant literature on rape culture and misogynistic humor, we critique several instances of the joke on the popular television series The Office. From there, we extend our critique of the joke cycle, noting the conspicuous absence of concern over the joke and its implications in other scholarly treatments of the program. Our primary contention is that the joke cycle, which may be the most prominent cycle in recent decades, reinscribes rape culture by normalizing discourses that dismiss and silence rape victims, justify violence against women, and even blame victims for having been assaulted. “That’s what she said” avoids the critical eye because it disguises itself as a joke like any other.     

Charles Dickens and his audience

The speaker‐audience relationship was of interest to Dickens throughout his life. This paper discusses his observations of other speakers and suggests reasons for his own remarkable rapport with his audiences.     

网络舆情事项中信息受众体的参与动机分析

[目的/意义]探索网络舆情受众体参与舆情事项创建传播的动机,为把握网民心理,引导网络舆论正确走向提供理论依据。[方法/过程]基于定性与定量混合的研究视角,依据扎根理论采集研究资料并通过编码从中抽离出10个动机范畴,根据形式概念分析理论结构化分析动机范畴的关系意义,为原始资料编码过程融入定量思维。[结果/结论]揭示受众体的3种参与动机对舆情事项的危机程度、突发程度、管控难度的影响,为从参与动机的视域下划分受众群体、有的放矢地干预网络舆情提供借鉴。     

新媒介策略:“长尾”时代的双重博弈

本研究提出并回答三个问题:在新媒体时代,媒介融合的背后为何存在着媒体分化的反动?在受众对丰富信息要求的背后,是否隐藏着信息需求极简化的真相?如何理解这两组媒介策略之间的博弈?文章应用“长尾理论”,分析了以上两种策略博弈的经济理性,并指出了其均衡性所在。     

Audience Community as a Strategic Resource in Media Work

This article discusses the role of the online audience community as a strategic resource for media work. It opens up a current perspective on the audience community, which has received scarce attention in research both conceptually and empirically. The article provides an empirical analysis of the various ways in which the audience community can serve as a resource in the work of journalists. The conclusion is that the audience community can have wide-ranging strategic significance and implications for media work and media brands. In particular, observing and connecting with the audience community can help journalists acquire deeper knowledge and understanding of the audience, as well as strengthen commitment and engagement among the audience with the media brand. As a consequence of collaborating with the audience community, new journalistic roles and tasks are emerging.     

基于扎根理论的电子舞曲信息检索需求成长性模型

[目的/意义]针对电子舞曲数字资源急剧增长带来的资源组织与检索需求匹配度低的问题,尝试构建电子舞曲信息资源检索需求模型,以指导新网络环境下的电子舞曲信息资源组织实践活动。[方法/过程]通过对国内主流电子舞曲音乐平台的检索实验,得出电子舞曲检索需求访谈提纲,进而运用扎根理论探究电子舞曲听众的音乐信息检索需求并建构相应的信息检索需求模型。[结果/结论]研究发现,电子舞曲听众的需求具有"成长性",这种"成长性"连接了听众音乐信息检索需求的审美主体（听众）和审美客体（音乐）两个维度,而促生该"成长性"的内因是信息需求的马太效应。研究指出电子舞曲的资源组织需兼顾主观感受、外部描述、内容要素和生产过程等核心维度,为新网络环境下电子舞曲信息资源组织提供了参考依据。     

Cultural Distance and Foreign Drama Enjoyment: Perceived Novelty and Identification with Characters

This study employs a cross-cultural perspective to examine how local audiences perceive and enjoy foreign dramas and how this psychological process differs depending on the cultural distance between the media and the viewing audience. Using a convenience sample of young Korean college students, this study, as predicted by cultural discount theory, shows that cultural distance decreases Korean audiences’ perceived identification with dramatic characters, which erodes their enjoyment of foreign dramas. Unlike cultural discount theory, however, cultural distance arouses Korean audiences’ perception of novelty, which heightens their enjoyment of foreign dramas. This study discusses the theoretical and practical implications of these findings, as well as their potential limitations.     

Representations of Race in Television Commercials: A Content Analysis of Prime-Time Advertising

Given the paucity of contemporary examinations of racial/ethnic minority portrayals in television advertisements, this study analyzed the frequency, context, and quality of 2,3 15 speaking characters in a one-week sample of prime-time television commercials. Results reveal different patterns of portrayals when African American, Asian American, Latino, Native American, and White characters are featured in television advertisements. The implications of these images are examined from the perspective of social cognitive theory to provide insights into their possible impact on audience members' self-perceptions.     

建构主义对博物馆儿童教育的构建探讨——《让孩子爱上博物馆》读后感

《让孩子爱上博物馆》一书着重分析了建构主义理论在博物馆儿童教育中的应用,并针对博物馆儿童观众的研究成果分析做了深入阐述,对于全面指导博物馆儿童早期教育项目的设计与执行具有现实意义。受该书启发,本文最后以系统学视角,对教师、家长、博物馆从业者等不同主体促进孩子爱上博物馆提出了相关建议。     

网络舆情场的内涵、结构特征与功能属性分析

[目的/意义] 通过解构网络舆情场内涵、结构特征以及功能属性,进而将场理论引入到网络舆情管控治理的研究中,实现宏观与微观、定性与定量的网络舆情综合研究视角建构目标。[方法/过程] 在充分把握网络舆情的特征、运动过程和发展趋势的基础上,辩证地引入自然科学与社会科学中场论的观点与定义,从内涵和外延两方面解构网络舆情场的概念,并形式化地对网络舆情场的整体机能进行数理描述。[结果/结论] 网络舆情场的运动特征本质上是场域中客观存在的显性舆情信息与舆情受众主观认知的交互和作用的体现。因此网络舆情场的介入能将网络舆情管控对象间混乱复杂的关联体系化、规律化,进而实现网络舆情学术研究与实践需要之间裂痕的修复。     

No Longer One-to-Many: How Web 2.0 Interactivity is Changing Public Service Radio’s Relationship with its Audience

The relationship between public radio and its audience has undergone significant change since the adoption of Web 2.0 technology. Web 2.0 allows an audience to interact easily and speedily with a public service broadcaster, forming an inclusive, two-way listening environment. This contrasts with the traditional one-way model of public broadcasting. This research project used New Zealand public radio broadcaster RNZ National as a case study. The phenomenon was studied from the perspective of those who listen to content, and those who create it. Findings include the ready adoption of Web 2.0 technology by the audience and the validation of that participation by RNZ National hosts and producers.     

2019年中国的新闻学研究

本文从近30种中文学术期刊(包括港台地区)遴选出在问题意识、研究视角、论证方法等方面较为创新的新闻学研究原创文章,并从媒介转型、新闻从业者研究、新闻与社会记忆研究、技术视角下的中国新闻业、作为公民与用户的受众、新闻基础理论研究、报刊史与近代政治以及新闻学科建设与反思等八个话题对相关文献加以回顾。研究发现,2019年中国的新闻学研究主要呈现为四个特征:一是围绕新闻行业生态变革的重要研究议题涉及面较广,比较亮眼的研究是以新的理论视角观照中国语境下的本土实践;二是对中国新闻从业者与新闻受众的不少研究表现出明显的社会学取向,阶层特征、群体分化、角色冲突以及管辖权成为主要的概念切入点;三是新闻理论研究兼顾对经典新闻理念的反思与新兴新闻实践及其理论化现状的引介;四是报刊史研究注重在专门史与近代政治史的脉络和问题框架中组织材料与观点,试图开拓研究视野从而避免内卷化的学术意图比较明确。     

Who Do We Think We (and They) Are? The Audience and the Researcher as Participants in Sociomaterial Practice

The article problematizes the ontological and epistemological separation of the audience researcher from the very audience the researcher wishes to investigate. After all, every researcher co-constitutes the research outcome, and every researcher can potentially be articulated also as audience participant. The text consequently suggests conceptualizing the researcher as well as the researched as participants in and contributors to sociomaterial practice by building on insights from Critical Psychology. Thinking audience research in the light of such an understanding challenges widely accepted divisions between those who do research and those who are being researched, as well as between theoretical and empirical work, between qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Finally it is argued that the researcher's perspective on the sociomaterial relations of concern is necessarily situated and limited. Hence, engaging in audience research as social research calls for investigating other practice participants' perspectives on these relations so as to collaborate on tackling problems of shared concern.     

AIDS,Perspective by incongruity,and gay identity in Larry Kramer's “1,112 and counting”

AIDS activist Larry Kramer's 1983 essay, “1,112 and Counting,” was a key rhetorical event in the development of AIDS activism by gays. This analysis relies on perspective by incongruity to explain Kramer's attempts to stimulate AIDS activism by altering gays’ perceptions of the disease and its implications for their lives and identities. The author argues that the power of perspective by incongruity in this case is linked to its facilitation of genuine argument, a personalized form of persuasion that forces both arguer and audience to confront an argument's implications for their own identities and behavior as moral human beings. The conclusion suggests that “1,112 and Counting” functions as a variant of constitutive rhetoric that de‐constructs and re‐constructs audience identity.     

基于社会符码理论的科学中心展品及其科技叙事结构分析

目前,学术界对于科学中心展示的探讨多集中在观众的满意度及其学习成效上,但对展示的概念以及如何进行科技阐释作为一种既定的程式却少有研究。因此,本文从伯恩斯坦的社会符码理论出发,对科学中心内展品以及贯穿其中的科技叙事结构进行探讨,形成科学展品的深奥、隐喻、公共及神秘(反思)的符码框架和包括技术、历史、社会文化及哲学四大层面的科技叙事结构,以期从展示本身的角度给科学中心提供可行的理论框架。     

从关联理论的角度看情报检索中的自然语言

从关联理论的角度探讨了情报检索中的自然语言.论证了情报检索语言与自然语言的融合,必将是现代情报检索语言最佳的发展模式.     

Audience Research in the Post-Audience Age: An Introduction to Barker and Morley

This article considers the contributions that Martin Barker and David Morley have made to the ongoing debate about the future of audience research in communications. Considering their positions on theory and method in the field, the article concludes that audience research in the future must incorporate a variety of different methodological perspectives. The article also notes the increasingly political nature of questions posed in the field of audience research and our necessity as researchers to acknowledge the political dimension of our field.     

Late night with David letterman: A humorous balance

Balance theory was employed to explain the humor of Late Night with David Letterman. Results showed that the length of a narrative and of the initial audience response were significant predictors of the number of references made to that narrative. Amount of audience response to a reference varied significantly with the ordinal number of that reference.     

Accessing the Audience Community: How Newspapers Connect with Audience Communities in Finland,Japan, and Korea

The article contributes to the research on media management by approaching the audience as consisting of communities, instead of considering it a mass audience. By developing audience community as a concept in media management and audience research and investigating mainstream newspapers’ perceptions and practices of audience community relations, the study aims to provide a future outlook for the changing community nature of audiences. Newspaper organizations are starting to perceive the audience as a more concrete network of people, and journalistic processes can increasingly consist of generating platforms and practices for communication and communal activities with and among the audience. In the article, these processes are studied empirically by means of a qualitative study carried out in Finnish, Japanese, and Korean newspapers. Interestingly, the findings indicate that audience communities do not, after all, play an important role in the daily practices of the newspapers. The engagement with audience communities in social media is only occasional, intermittent, and by no means systematic. By contrast, interaction with offline communities seems to be more familiar and considered more valuable than connecting with audience communities in social media.