Not Just the Hangars of World War II: American Aviation Museums and the Role of Memorial

Abstract In aviation museums throughout the United States, World War II aircraft have become crucial objects in shaping a narrative of memorial for millions of people. The museums' warehousing function allows them to be both the long‐term home of these wondrous and resonant airplanes, and the collective “hangar” of our commemorations. These museums offer reasons for serious study, since in many respects our mental images of World War II are constructed within aviation museums. This article explores the narrative of memorial through illustrations from four representative institutions, and examines one of the anomalies, the case of the Enola Gay.     

Media,War, and Propaganda: Strategies of Information Management During the 2003 Iraq War

It is now widely acknowledged that the Bush administration used faulty and false information to justify the 2003 war on Iraq, and that the mainstream media, by not adequately investigating the case for war, assisted with the project. In this paper, I outline the particular strategies employed by the media–military industrial complex to ensure a dominance of pro-war arguments in the public sphere. I conclude by arguing that the failure of the media in the US to meet the democratic needs of this society places enormous responsibility on intellectuals to produce scholarship critical of the new imperialism.     

Feminine,Competent, Submissive: A Multimodal Analysis of Depictions of Women in U.S. Wartime Persuasive Messages During World War I and World War II

This analysis used Peirce's triadic approach to interpret 58 public depictions of women during the two world wars. The images, appearing in government posters or as ads and illustrations in U.S. magazines and newspapers, endeavored to convey the seriousness of the war effort and mobilize audiences to support it. Aligned in five thematic clusters (competence, domesticity, heterosexual attraction, beauty maintenance, and romantic longing), many invited polysemy through discrepant visual and verbal cues aimed at different audiences. Women as viewers and as objects of representation were addressed in the context of both citizenship and consumption. The analysis explicates ideological points about wartime gender relations and points to the objectification of women's bodies as implied sexual rewards for product purchase in WWII.     

Hier 1st 1212: Operation Annie,World War II Allied Psychological Warfare,and the Capture of the Rhineland

This study concerns an American-operated clandestine short-wave radio station that broadcast as both a strategic and tactical station during the Battle of the Bulge in Germany. Operation Annie's strategic mission was to generate distrust for the Nazi leadership among troops and increase their reliance on news reports emanating from the station. Her tactical mission was to then use her reputation for truthfulness to lure listeners into a military ambush known today as the Saar Pocket, thus facilitating the capture of the Rhineland. This research reviews the development of Operation Annie and its missions and evaluates the station's success as a model of effective wartime propaganda.     

“二元消费”与“换挡加速”：广告、品牌与消费的符号学阐释

本文从符号学的角度,揭示"二元结构"消费对品牌的决定性作用,指出品牌是"一个具有使用价值与符号价值的商品"的特质,并提出了通过广告这一中介"换挡加速"构建品牌并促成消费的符号学原理.     

论日本媒体“二战”时的法西斯化

本文试图说明 ,日本媒体二战时期的法西斯化不像意大利和德国 ,基本上是该国媒体从 1 9世纪末自觉鼓吹侵略战争的自然结果。文章分析了造成这种情形的历史原因、民族发展的特点 ,以及不彻底的明治维新的背景。     

Radio soap operas and domestic masculinity: The World War II Veteran comes home

Radio soap operas espouse a domestic ideology that they present as a common‐sense view shared by men and women. Narratives about World War II veterans coming home from the hypermasculine battlefield dramatize the soaps’ vision of masculinity. There are two dominant narratives about veterans: The hardships of war make the man treasure home more; or they alienate him from the home and the story is structured around the revelation of his hidden attachment to domesticity. This presentation of domestic masculinity simultaneously masks the oppression of women and offers a progressive vision of what masculinity should be.     

美国战时广告理事会诞生的背景

美国战时广告理事会的成立被视为现代公益广告的发端,本文从社会、经济、政治等方面阐述了该机构诞生的背景,指出维护广告行业自身的利益是它创立的根本原因。     

左中右三报“七七特刊”抗战宣传的比较分析

《新华日报》、《大公报》、《中央日报》的"七七特刊"虽然都以宣传抗日救国为中心内容,但是在宣传策略和技巧上表现各异,舆论宣传效果大不相同。《新华日报》的宣传琳琅满目,公共空间呈现多样化色彩;《大公报》关注民间、关注经济和文艺,有其自身特色;《中央日报》的声音单调,偏好政绩总结,未能有效地组织各种抗战力量在报上发言。三报的"七七特刊"是一个历史性"褶子",其中蕴含了丰富的历史信息,并对未来的国共战争起着建构作用。     

West – East Entanglements During the Cold War: Shortwave Broadcasting and Propaganda from and to Portugal

Portugal became the centre of an entangled airwaves ensemble during the Cold War. In order to demonstrate this, the article develops along two lines. First, it details how the Portuguese dictatorship, with ideological connections to fascism, allowed the construction in its territory of one of the most powerful retransmitters of Radio Free Europe (RFE), responsible for airing anti-communist propaganda to Eastern Europe. The collaboration between the Portuguese dictator and the National Committee for Free Europe, mediated by US diplomatic officials, played an important role in the development of the operations of RFE in the country. Second, the article demonstrates how Portugal became the target of shortwave broadcasts operated from abroad, aimed at spreading pro-communist and anti-fascist sentiments in Portuguese society. Some of these stations were established by the political opposition that used the airwaves to undermine the dictatorship.     

Reuters,Propaganda-inspired News,and the Australian Press During the First World War

This paper examines the role of the London-based international news agency, Reuters, in transmitting propaganda-inspired news to Australia during the First World War as well as the take-up of such news by the Australian press. It explores how the propaganda function was understood within Reuters and how this function changed during the course of the war. It focuses on Reuters’ establishment, in March 1917, of a special British Empire ‘supplementary’ news service designed to unite the Empire behind the war effort. The paper explains Reuters’ success in Australia which arose, in large part, from its partnership with the United Cable Service, an Australian agency managed by Keith Murdoch.     

二战中广播在社会动员方面的作用浅析

第二次世界大战虽然已经结束60周年了，可人们对那段难忘的历史的记忆，日久弥新。从某种意义上讲，人们对二战的记忆是和广播紧紧联系在一起的。从战争的爆发，到战争过程中重要的转折点，再到战争的结束，人们都可以看到广播的影子。     

第二次世界大战终结地——虎林要塞

虎头,黑龙江省虎林市的一个边陲小镇,坐落在完达山南麓的虎头山上。这里是东北虎的故乡,群虎相聚,虎尾如林,虎林由此得名。     

Science in American Life,National Identity,and the Science Wars: A Curators View

The simmering controversy over the Smithsonian's Science in American Life exhibition that led to the ensuing visitor study by the Institutional Studies Office is reexamined in terms of issues of American identity. A brief historical overview reveals that, for most of the twentieth century, the American scientific community received enthusiastic public support for its perceived service to national goals and ideals. In the past decade, however, after experiencing unexpected budget cuts to research, scientists have questioned the depth of that public support in what has become known as the Science Wars. Science in American Life was soon engulfed by that broader, often acrimonious debate about science and society which involved notions of pure and applied science. The role of American identity in the dispute over the exhibit is analyzed in terms of scientists' criticisms of three of the exhibition's case studies.