当前我国师范专业招生问题及对策探讨

文章从分析当前我国师范生招生的录取分数线,院校的评价及录取标准入手,认为当前我国师范专业的招生质量不高,影响到教师教育的质量。文章提出,提高教师社会经济地位;重建师范生的免费制度和教育服务制度———如采取与教育服务挂钩的费用支付制度;建立师范生的招生标准,严格招生程序是提高师范专业招生质量的关键性因素。     

美国教师教育者的素养结构与课程框架--以美国哥伦比亚大学教师教育专业博士生培养项目为例

为了促进教师教育者的专业发展,提高教师教育质量,美国哥伦比亚大学基于多项实证研究确认了教师教育者应具备的基本素养,设计了与博士学位课程相互嵌套的教师教育者专业培养课程,实施了教师教育者专业教育项目。项目实施结果显示,教师教育专业课程学习与基于共同体的教师教育研究能有效帮助教师教育者沟通教育理论与实践,提高教师教育者专业实践能力和研究能力,形塑教师教育者专业身份认同,为教师教育者自我导向的专业发展奠定基础。     

Developing a System of Program Assessment Within Teacher Education: Lessons Learned

Our intention in this article is to present one institution's efforts to take on program assessment and respond to calls for accountability. To do so, the teacher education program simultaneously sought to address the narrowly defined measures called for by policy makers and politicians, while at the same time broadening and expanding outcomes (such as student learning) and the missions, themes, and values of the teacher education program. The following describes the accountability movement in teacher education and then offers the lessons learned within one program developing a system of assessment within teacher education.     

At the heart of child care: Predictors of teacher sensitivity in center-based child care

This study examined the extent to which characteristics of early childhood teachers and settings predicted observed teacher sensitivity. Participants included 41 head teachers at child care centers located in Northern California. Accreditation status, center size, and program quality were uniquely associated with teacher sensitivity. Accreditation was also associated with a number of other teacher (training, ethnic minority status, and depression) and setting characteristics (program quality, subsidies, and child ethnic minority enrollment). Other unique predictors included more teacher training, smaller center size, and perceived organizational health. Having a greater number of depressive symptoms or working in a larger center were identified as risks to teacher sensitivity, and were moderated by higher levels of teacher training and observed program quality The current study provides preliminary support for the importance of examining the ways that teacher and setting characteristics are related to teacher interactions with young children.     

美国教师入职培养与资格认证的选择性路径探析——以加州特许学校hightechhigh教师培养为例

美国加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥地区HighTechHigh特许学校的教师资格认证计划作为一种以自己学校为基地的教师培养和资格认证的独特模式,它由“教师实习计划”和“教师入职计划”这两个紧密联系的部分构成,具有五个方面的特点。本文试图通过对该计划实施的缘由、具体内容、过程以及特点进行分析,进一步把握当今美国以中小学为基地的教师...     

Tensions in the mentor teacher-student teacher relationship: Creating productive sites for learning within a high school English teacher education program

This paper identifies two of the most divisive patterns of tension within the mentor teacher-student teacher relationship—philosophical differences and tolerance for uncertainty—within an experimental high school English teacher education program based on collaborative inquiry and teacher research. Five differences in principles and processes in the experimental program emerged which support more effective ways of dealing with mentor teacher-student teacher tensions: (1) mentor teacher ownership of the program, (2) year-long student teacher experiences, (3) same university teacher educators across the year, (4) content area research, and (5) respect for school context. Using a case study approach, the author discusses how viewing these tensions as sites of inquiry have helped to shape the teacher education program and exploited tensions as productive learning opportunities rather than merely failures or insults.     

The Effects of the Preschool Inclusion Program on Teacher Outcomes in Turkey

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a teacher training program on teacher outcomes. The teachers’ knowledge and attitudes regarding inclusion, classroom management strategies, and their relationships with children both with and without disabilities were evaluated using self-report instruments. In addition, their classroom behaviors were evaluated by independent observers. The teacher education program included a variety of topics related to inclusion and effective strategies for inclusive classrooms. The data were collected prior to the education, after the completion of the program, and 6 months afterwards. The results indicated that the teacher program seemed to have moderate-to-large effects on all teacher outcomes, but the changes in their classroom behaviors were minimal.     

美国教师培养项目增值评价探析 ——以路易斯安那州为例

世纪之交以来,美国教师培养面临内部质量提升和外部质量问责的双重压力.在此背景下,伴随数据系统和分析方法的发展以及教师增值评价的推广,教师培养项目的增值评价应运而生.教师培养项目增值评价基于教师培养项目→教师教学质量→学生学业成绩的因果逻辑,通过统计计量模型来评估教师培养项目对学生成绩的贡献度.其中项目效能的证据选择、效能测量以及效能增值结果的意义阐释构成教师培养项目增值评价的关键内容.教师培养项目增值评价虽然在一定程度上响应了公众对于强化教师教育绩效责任的呼声,但依然存在着信效度和适用范围等问题.     

The interpersonal dimension of teacher education: Comparing distance education with two other programs in Sri Lanka

This chapter examines a distance education program to train primary schoolteachers in Sri Lanka and looks for evidence of its success. Quasi-longitudinal data on (a) teacher perceptions of the program; (b) teacher knowledge, skill, and attitudes; (c) teacher classroom performance; and (d) pupil achievement are used to compare distance education with two other teacher education programs in Sri Lanka — an institutional inservice program and a preservice approach. More specifically, the interpersonal aspects of this distance education program are examined as a possible explanation of the program's effectiveness when compared with other distance education as well as conventional approaches to educating teachers.     

论多维视野中的教师培训观

随着基础教育的改革与发展,教师从改革的后台被推向了改革的前台,相应地,教师问题亦日益突现出来。基于此,教师培训就越来越被提到了议事日程。但目前的教师培训“让人喜欢让人忧”,还存在着诸多长期性、深层性的问题。解决这些问题已经不是技术和方法问题,而是必须解决教师培训观念的滞后问题。也就是说,必须从多维视角重建教师培训观,塑造新的教师培训文化。     

美国职前、入职和在职教师教育评估体系简介

教师专业生涯发展由职前、入职和在职教育三部分组成。美国通过对大学的认证和学生的选拔保证了职前教育质量。毕业生经过学科专业评价，获得初级证书，进入新手教师教学导入计划。在达到标准并通过课堂行为评价后，才能获得正式教师证书，进入教师专业。对在职教育，没有统一的标准，但要求教师继续学习并取得更高学位。     

美国教师入职培养与资格认证的选择性路径探析——以加州特许学校high tech high教师培养为例

美国加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥地区High Tech High特许学校的教师资格认证计划作为一种以自己学校为基地的教师培养和资格认证的独特模式,它由“教师实习计划”和“教师入职计划”这两个紧密联系的部分构成,具有五个方面的特点。从该计划实施的缘由、具体内容和过程以及特点进行分析,来进一步把握当今美国以中小学为基地的教师培养与认证模式的发展方向。     

Scaffolded support systems: examining a multi‐tiered support plan protocol for struggling teacher candidates

Teacher candidates train in an educational world that has changed dramatically. The tensions and challenges that preservice teachers experience are a reality for teacher education programs and must be planned for. The authors from a teacher preparation program describe the steps they have taken to support more authentic and integrated work with teacher candidates who struggle in their performance during their licensure program. After implementing a program‐wide support plan protocol and professional action plan tool, we examined the issues that signaled the need for intervention, the types of supports provided, and the resulting program decision. We captured staff perspectives regarding the effectiveness of the support plan protocol and conclude with recommendations to support teacher candidates in acquiring the conceptual and technical knowledge, skills, and disposition needed to teach in today’s classrooms.     

Perceptions and practices of multicultural education among Ethiopian secondary teacher education program officials,teacher educators and prospective teachers

This study explores the perceptions and practices of multicultural education among Ethiopian secondary teacher education program officials, teacher educators and prospective teachers. To that end, data were collected from secondary teacher education program officials, teacher educators and student teachers using questionnaire and interview. The data were analyzed by employing mixed methodologies. The study revealed that while Ethiopian secondary teacher education program officials and teacher educators have awareness about multicultural education, the prospective teachers’ awareness was found to be very low. Furthermore, there are inadequate practices of multicultural education in the secondary teacher education institutions. Suggestions which may enhance the implementation of multicultural education in the secondary teacher education program of the country and beyond are discussed in the article.     

面向非师范类人员的教师教育探析——来自美国选择性教师证书计划的启示

选择性教师证书计划作为当代美国重要的教育改革运动,是取得教师资格证书的非传统路径。选择性教师证书计划的实施主体多样,服务对象广泛,实施过程归纳起来有以下四个方面的内容：招募与筛选;提供培训;安排实习;评估与认证。当前,我国非师范人员入教职前的培养及教师资格认证,成为保障开放型教师教育体系质量的关键环节。     

关于师范生免费教育的课程目标设定的基础分析

师范生免费教育在课程目标、策略以及评价方式等方面与以往的教师教育都将存在一定的差别。目前,北京师范大学、东北师范大学、华东师范大学等部属师范大学已经纷纷对免费师范生的课程目标、课程设置等进行了相应的探索和改革。免费政策的实施为教师教育的课程抉择提出了一系列新的难题,而课程目标的设定则是解决课程设计、课程实施、课程评价等问题的起始点,因此显得尤为重要。本文通过对师范生免费教育的课程目标设定的基础和依据进行分析,期望能够促进师范生免费教育政策的落实,同时也期望引起更多的课程专家对这一领域的关注。     

Preparing future teachers for diversity

This program for teacher education is built on the assumption that the effectiveness of public schooling will improve in relation to the diversity of ideas and experiences of teachers. The program speaks to the linkage between better teacher preparation, improved schooling for students of color, and the recruitment of teachers of color. The program has three main components: (1) early involvement in teacher education programs with ongoing internships in schools and the community; (2) active participation by arts and science faculty, including ethnic studies; and (3) seminars in the teacher education program which connect theory with practice.     

Creating a Ninth-Grade Community of Care

ABSTRACT

This qualitative case study analyzed how one large high school created a community of care for ninth-grade students. Data were collected during the 2006–2007 school year, including observations, individual interviews, and focus group interviews of 1 female teacher and 9 of her students. Findings suggest the Freshman Focus teachers and program helped to establish three caring relationships (teacher to program, teacher to student, program to student) that promoted a community of care. The development of positive teacher beliefs about students, supportive teacher–student relationships, and the promotion of academic and life skills may help create a caring community in which students are the primary receivers of care.     

A longitudinal study of effects of a developmental teacher preparation program on elementary prospective teachers’ mathematics beliefs

The universal emphasis in mathematics education on teaching and learning for understanding can require substantial paradigmatic shifts for many elementary school teachers. Consequently, a pressing goal of teacher preparation programs should be the facilitation of these changes during program experiences. This longitudinal, mixed methods study presents a thorough investigation of the effects of a distinctive teacher preparation program on important constructs related to prospective teacher preparedness to teach mathematics for understanding, including mathematics pedagogical and teaching efficacy beliefs, mathematics anxiety, and specialized content knowledge for teaching mathematics. The results indicate that the programmatic features experienced by the prospective teachers in this study, including a developmental two-course mathematics methods sequence and coordinated developmental field placements, provided a context supporting teacher change. These shifts are interpreted through the nature and timing of the experiences in the program and a model of teacher change processes. The findings provide insights for mathematics educators as to the outcomes of these programmatic features.     

A phenomenological case study of teacher candidate experiences during a yearlong teacher residency program

Abstract

This phenomenological case study investigated teacher candidates’ experiences in a yearlong undergraduate teacher residency program to identify candidate conceptualizations of the effective design elements of an intentionally created practice-based teacher education program. Such experiences are generally characterized by full-year co-teaching experiences in PK–12 classrooms alongside a mentor teacher within a district whose values closely align with the preparation program, while simultaneously taking relevant coursework with supporting university faculty . Researchers interviewed 16 teacher candidates to develop deeper understandings of the meaningful structures of the residency program as manifested through their experiences. Through an analysis of candidate statements, multiple key design elements and candidates’ perceived impact of the residency were unveiled. Findings demonstrate a paradigmatic challenge to current preparation models, and the potential of practice-base preparation, in particular teacher residency programs.