我国师范类专业认证:从理念到实践

师范类专业认证直击师范教育时弊,是中国师范教育领域的一项具有革命意义的举措,对于提高师范教育人才培养质量具有重要意义。中国师范类专业认证从标准研制走向实践操作,认证实施对专业建设的促进作用已初步显现。文章在对师范类专业认证实施背景进行分析的基础上,指出中国师范类专业认证秉持质量旨向、行业旨向和专业旨向。认证活动的推进,需要处理好统一与个性、评与建、管与评这三对关系。     

专业共同体:教师发展的组织基础

在专业共同体中推动教师专业发展是教师教育改革的新方向。本文论述了教师专业共同体的概念、特征、理论基础、重要意义,并指出构建教师专业共同体的关键是学校文化的重建。     

政策满意度、教师支持对公费师范生职业效能和职业认同的影响：一项纵向研究

教育政策的制定要着眼于师范生职业认同的培养,强化政策的激励性,合理控制政策内部张力,形成有效激励;同时要优化政策着力点,为师范生选择教师教育并长期从教提供有效支撑。在教师教育过程中,教师支持要贯穿理论学习、教育实习等不同阶段,防止重理论轻实践、重基础轻应用的倾向,提高教师支持的实效性。要处理好教师教育的专业化与职业化的关系,在加强师范生专业素养的同时,促进理论学习与教育实习的相互转换和协同一致,服务师范生职业发展。要高度重视教育实习在职业认同培养中的重要作用,建立大学教师教育与中小学校实习实践的有效联结和支持系统,帮助师范生跨越理论与实践的鸿沟,在真实的教育情境中历练本领、提升效能、促进认同。     

从专业教育方式打造到教师文化创生——论当代教师教育重心的转换

教师教育专业化是教师专业化的重要构成,其核心是要为教师打造一种专业的教育方式。关注教师文化,用"文化融解"的教育方式代替专业的教育方式,努力创建一种教师文化为本的教师教育,是实现教师教育目的的现实路径。     

欧美教师教育的重要转向:以教师专业社群为组织载体

将专业社群作为教师教育的组织载体是欧美教师教育转型的一个重要方向。本文参阅大量文献,论述了教师专业社群的概念、特征、理论基础、具体实例以及建立发展等几个方面的问题。     

Autonomy,Candour and Professional Teacher Practice: A Discussion Inspired by the Later Works of Michel Foucault

Autonomy is considered to be an important feature of professionals and to provide a necessary basis for their informed judgments. In this article these notions will be challenged. In this article I use Michel Foucault's deconstruction of the idea of the autonomous citizen, and his later attempts to reconstruct that idea, in order to bring some new perspectives to the discussion about the foundation of professionalism. The turning point in Foucault's discussion about autonomy is to be found in his proposal for an ethics of the self. This ethics invites a break with the normalising discourses of modernity. As I see it, this makes it particularly relevant to a discussion about the principles of professionalism. The conception of parrhesia is central. I use the role of the teacher to illustrate my arguments.     

从量化到高质量:教师教育评价的发展

伴随着我国教师教育从高速增长阶段向高质量发展阶段转变,教师教育评价相应地要 从量化评价向高质量评价发展。文章在归纳论述教师教育中采用量化评价存在的潜在风险、从量 化向高质量转向必要性及高质量要旨的基础上,结合当前实际提出了需要利益相关者构建协同机 制,需关注教师教育发展过程与结果产生的影响,需历经新旧范式交替过程,需关注不能量化部 分,需撷取量化评价精华,实现教师教育评价从量化向高质量发展。     

基于"专业标准"的教师教育:澳大利亚的实践与启示

澳大利亚以＂教师专业标准＂为基础的教师教育实践,对我国教师教育具有重要的借鉴价值：建立和出台我国教师专业标准框架,为教师资格制度、教师培养与培训、教师管理与评价提供依据,奠定基础;研制中小学教师培养机构的资质标准和培养课程标准;建立教师培养的认证评估制度;对小学教师实行综合化培养;改革和完善我国教师资格证书制度;建立国家教师培训的指导性规范。     

教师在线专业发展(oTPD):背景、研究、优势及挑战

在倡导学校变革的时代,教师的专业发展被视为提高学生成就、促进学校乃至教育变革的关键。近年来,教师在线专业发展(oTPD)作为一种转变教师专业发展传统模式的新模式,得到了众多研究者的普遍关注。本文对oTPD进行了初步界定,探讨了其产生的背景,分析了它的潜在优势与面临的挑战,最后讨论了该领域需要进一步研究的问题。     

教师专业共同体:教师发展的新模式

教师专业共同体是建立在教师专业化浪潮的基础之上,以学校为基地,以教育实践为载体,以共同学习、研讨为形式,在团体情境中通过相互沟通与交流最终实现团体成长的提高性组织.它是以求知和育人为基本活动内容的教师专业发展模式,其本身表征了一种共生意识与智慧,是对教师个人主义文化的匡正与补充.在教师专业共同体的创建上,应当明确共同体目标,形成平等、民主的参与规则,并要谨防共同体内部的矛盾与分裂.     

由技术理性主义到整合主义:美国专业取向教师教育课程的演进

应时代发展要求,美国专业取向教师教育课程思想由技术理性主义向整合主义发展,教学专业化发展也经历了相应的转变。20世纪中下叶占支配性影响地位的技术理性主义教师教育课程,主张对教师进行训练,让其掌握批量的教学技术理论知识。这导致教师教育课程出现理论知识与实践分离、忽视了实践知识的情景性等问题,促使新的教师教育课程理念和实践的出现。整合主义教师教育课程关注对实践知识的情景性关怀、对个体知识的关怀,以解决目前美国乃至国际教师教育面临的问题——提高(职前)教师教学实践能力,强调在合作探究的基础上寻求理论本位与经验本位知识的融合。     

从一个高中生的角度看社团建设对高中生的影响

目前,高中社团建设越来越受到重视,高中三年是人生中至关重要的三年,除了课堂学习以外,高中生还要用丰富多彩的社团活动主动营造全面成长的天地,参加社团活动使当代高中生锻炼了能力、展现了自我,提高了素质,缓解了学习和心理压力,提供了全面发展的舞台。     

Communicating How Water Works: Results From a Community Water Education Program

Based on feedback from attendees at an environmental summit who requested information about regional water sources, a team comprised of a local nonprofit, a state university, and a cooperative extension office created a community water education program. Undergraduate student interns worked with the author to develop a 20-minute science-based presentation that was delivered in 14 different venues in a three-county region of northwestern North Carolina. Following each presentation there was a discussion session that highlighted questions about how water works and community concerns about water availability and management. Program evaluations reflect that people believed they better understood the science related to water quantity and that the key messages in the program were important to their communities.     

Talk About Field Placement Within Campus Coursework: Connecting Theory and Practice in Teacher Education

Worldwide, scholars and policymakers have called for teacher education to link fieldwork and coursework. This article examines teacher candidates’ opportunities to talk about field placement within their campus coursework as one way of doing so. It reports on survey data (n?=?270) and observation data (n?=?52 hours) from 3 teacher-education programs in Norway, Finland, and California in the USA. Findings suggest that candidates have extensive opportunities to talk about field placement. However, the characteristics of the talk, the degree of specificity and detail provided, and the level of complexity and connectedness to theory vary extensively. The article argues that, to be generative for professional learning, talk about field placement needs to be systematically scaffolded within a pedagogy of teacher education.     

群体知识观视域下的教师专业社群

群体知识观对传统的个人主义知识观进行了批判.群体知识观视域下的教师专业社群,关注整个教师专业社群的发展和教师群体实践培训.教师专业社群为教师教育提供了新的探索方向.     

走向专业教师--论高等师范教育理念的转换

在基础教育改革的背景下,教师的专业发展成为教育改革成功的关键。将教师专业发展的起点确定在高等师范教育阶段,就要求师范教育要应对局势,进行改革。高等师范教育首先要以“准教师”所必须具备的现实理念、责任理念、学习理念、合作理念、法制理念为依据进行教育理念的转换,只有思想转变了,才能由思想指引行动,最终实现高等师范教育模式的转变。     

From Communities of Interest to Communities Of Practice: The Role and Impact of Professional Development in Nuclear Security Education

In recent years, nuclear security has gained prominence on the international security agenda. Driven by post 9/11 anxieties and the politicization of fears regarding nuclear terrorism, concerns in this area have spawned a wealth of initiatives, which seek to counter this threat. Principal among these have been efforts to promote nuclear security education and infuse teaching and learning in this sphere with a more holistic understanding of the subject, its relevance and its implications. Against this background, this article sets out the findings of empirical research into the impact of nuclear security ‘train-the-trainer’ professional development courses on the practice of an emerging cadre of nuclear security educators. In particular, the paper explores the value of this model as a means of establishing sustainable communities of practice in the context of nuclear security education.     

美国教师教育的专业教育改革理论取向

本文总结梳理了20世纪50年代以来美国教师教育的专业教育所受到的批评,将针对专业教育部分的改革理念和实践分为三种取向——学术取向、教学有效性取向以及合作取向,并分析各种改革理念和实践对解决专业教育存在问题的意义。