Einstellungen von Sportlehramtsstudierenden zur Sprachbildung im Sportunterricht

An assessment of attitudes toward language awareness in physical education classes offers the possibility to evaluate learning and teaching opportunities related to this topic offered at universities. However, valid research instruments for this undertaking are currently lacking. The present article reports on the development and validation of a questionnaire for assessing attitudes toward language awareness in sports classes (“Erfassung von Einstellungen zur Sprachbildung im Sportunterricht,” ESBiS). A validation study of the ESBiS included N?=?254 student physical education teachers, 37.8% female, mean age 22.16 years, standard deviation 2.74 years. Explorative factor analysis identified a five-factor structure with the ESBiS factors linguistic goal and performance transparency, promotion of writing, language-corrective feedback, use of scaffolding, and advancement of technical vocabulary. The analyses indicate good factorial validity and reliability of the individual scales. The ESBiS factors can be satisfactorily modelled using confirmatory factor analyses. The ESBiS instrument thus demonstrates good psychometric quality. Furthermore, in some instances, very low positive correlations of the ESBiS factors with the validation criterion of multicultural attitudes could be shown. Additionally, correlation analyses with individual characteristics of the student physical education teachers showed that the developed instrument has sensitivity and discriminatory ability.     

Kognitive Handlungsrepräsentationen als Strukturgrundlage zur Definition von kognitiver Aktivierung im Sportunterricht

Cognitive activation is known from education research but has found only limited applicability in physical education research; therefore, this paper presents a proposal for a definition as well as a theoretical structure and process model of cognitive activation in physical education based on the currently dominant representational theory of memory and a subsequent theoretical action perspective. A central aim of this theoretical framework was to take an action theoretical perspective based on mental representation and model cognition of students in physical education classes. Accordingly, cognition and information processing in physical education are considered as constructive cognitive activities. Furthermore, mental representations of actions form the basis for movement and physical activity. This paper integrates intradisciplinary coordinates from sports psychology, exercise science and didactics and discusses interfaces between cognitive activation and cognitive activity of students in physical education. The present framework can be understood as a theoretical basis for physical education research.     

Selbsteinschätzung von Schlüsselkompetenzen allgemeiner Bildung im Sportunterricht (SSK-Sport)

The article reports on the development of a short questionnaire which can assist the assessment of personal abilities of schoolchildren based on self-estimation in the context of sports lessons. The capability for self-estimation, co-determination and solidarity as key qualifications of personal behavior in training will be worked out according to Klafki based on a theoretical training foundation. A detailed examination of the test quality of the instrument formed on this basis will be presented and discussed. The final version of the questionnaire includes 12 items on the named capabilities which are answered on a 4-stage Likert scale. The compact format allows the use of the questionnaire even in training practice.     

Sind Mädchen im koedukativen Sportunterricht systematisch benachteiligt?

Against the background of the long-debated, controversial issue of mixed-sex vs. single-sex education, this paper empirically analyses whether or not female students are put at a disadvantage by coeducational physical education (P.E.) classes. Drawn on the existing literature on school sport, it is assumed that coeducational P.E. classes, at least as currently practiced, rather conform to the sports-related expectations of boys than of girls. Based on the SPRINT data-set, it is investigated whether coeducation in P.E. is accompanied by more negative affective states, more negative self-ratings of athletic competence as well as poorer grades among female students. Girls in single-sex P.E. classes serve as a control group in these analyses. The findings confirm all of our hypotheses: Girls in coeducational P.E. classes (a) experience more negative affects prior to school sport, (b) have a more negative self-concept of their athletic abilities and (c) achieve significantly lower grades. In P.E., coeducation thus signifies measurable disadvantages for female students. In light of future challenges, like increasing diversity among students and the rising demand for inclusive education, these findings once more gain in importance.