Non-prescribed spaces,creativity and narrative formation: a systems-based examination of a community art group exploring food poverty

ABSTRACT

This article describes a year-long participatory arts project carried out as part of a community–university partnership in the South of England. The research sought to examine the relationship between the ‘user-led’ ethos of the Brighton Unemployed Centre Families Project (BUCFP) and emergence within it of creatively working and self-managing groups, examining how an environment that did not adhere to a prescribed use of space might enable groups to make sense of their experiences. The research used ethnographic methods and a theoretical framework informed by systems theory, critical health psychology and narrative analysis to explore the group’s experiences of food poverty. The research demonstrates ways in which the group provided community members with a space in which to examine, define and make legitimate their experiences and how this can be thought of as an educational and community knowledge-building practice that has important implications, particularly for notions of well-being.     

浅析社会调查在城乡规划专业教学中的理论及实践

社会调查是城乡规划方案的一项前置性工作,是一种科学研究方法和规划方法。介绍了社会调查的概念及与城市规划的内部关联,初步探讨了社会调查课程的教学模式,阐述了社会调查的基本步骤及搜集资料的方法。     

Muskrat theories,tobacco in the streets,and living Chicago as Indigenous land

In this paper, we aim to contribute to ongoing work to uncover the ways in which settler colonialism is entrenched and reified in educational environments and explore lessons learned from an urban Indigenous land-based education project. In this project, we worked to re-center our perceptual habits in Indigenous cosmologies, or land-based perspectives, and came to see land re-becoming itself. Through this recentering, we unearthed some ways in which settler colonialism quietly operates in teaching and learning environments and implicitly and explicitly undermines Indigenous agency and futurity by maintaining and reifying core dimensions of settler colonial relations to land. We describe examples in which teachers and community members explicitly re-engaged land-based perspectives in the design and implementation of a land-based environmental science education that enabled epistemological and ontological centering that significantly impacted learning, agency, and resilience for urban Indigenous youth and families. In this paper, we explore the significance of naming and the ways in which knowledge systems are mobilized in teaching and learning environments in the service of settler futurity. However, we suggest working through these layers of teaching and learning by engaging in land-based pedagogies is necessary to extend and transform the possibilities and impacts of environmental education.     

A ratchetdemic reality pedagogy and/as cultural freedom in urban education

Abstract

This article explores the dynamic between Black youth and their teachers through an exploration of an approach to teaching and learning embedded in the complex cultural knowledge(s) of this population. It interrogates the concepts of ratchedemics and reality pedagogy as both philosophy and practice for moving past the framing of particular populations as dystopian and non-academic in the pursuit of the mirage of urban educational utopia.     

城市绿地系统的生态功能理论探索与实践--以重庆茶园新城区园林绿地系统规划为例

从城市绿地的生态机理入手，继而探讨了“绿心 绿网”的城市绿地布局模式，并通过重庆茶园新城区园林绿地系统规划实践，对城市绿地的生态学原理在绿地系统规划中的应用进行了探索。     

地矿类院校资源环境与城乡规划管理专业实践教学研究

本文研究以中国矿业大学（北京）资源环境与城乡规划管理专业为例,在大量调研基础上,明确国家低碳经济发展方向和重点,结合学校自身特色与条件,探求地矿类院校资源环境与城乡规划管理专业的培养目标与专业定位,并提出＂2＋1＋1＂的教学模式,重点突出该专业的实践教学特色。     

A review of photovoice applications in environment,sustainability, and conservation contexts: is the method maintaining its emancipatory intents?

Abstract

Photovoice, a Participatory Action Research method developed by Wang and Burris, has gained popularity as a pedagogical tool to engage youth with environmental, sustainability, and conservation issues. Influenced by Paulo Freire’s critical pedagogy, feminist theory, and documentary photography, photovoice supports reflection about place, critical dialogue about community issues, and social change by reaching policymakers. Some scholars have modified the method and applied varying frameworks to increase relevance for diverse participants. However, adaptation also may lose the original tenets. Through a scoping review, this study examined methodological applications to science, conservation, and sustainability education and whether emerging approaches align with Wang and Burris’ original goals. The scoping review identified and analyzed four applications of photovoice: i) place as pedagogy, ii) conservation and sustainability, iii) STEM teaching; and iv) decolonizing education. Current scholarship shows promise for photovoice in environmental education applications to support participatory, diverse, and equitable educational settings, but some projects would benefit from more explicit attention to the original emancipatory intents of the method.     

The urban and the natural in education reform: the development of Hamburg Schullandheime (rural school hostels) in the 1920s

ABSTRACT

The desire to be close to nature and live in tune with it grew as industrialisation, urbanisation and the impact of technology became increasingly ubiquitous at the turn of the twentieth century. Throughout Europe, model schools were established in rural environments. These private reform schools could not solve the problems of public urban schools. Founded on the initiative of teachers and parents, the Schullandheim (rural school hostel) emerged as a new form bringing urban education and schooling close to nature after the First World War in Germany. Even if related pedagogic activities developed at that time in other countries there is no evidence for comparable institutions. Besides tracing the development of Schullandheime, the article shows how the school hostel idea was embedded in the contemporary educational discussion about the influence large cities had on youth and explores the educational and cultural differences within the school hostel movement through the use of visual material.     

Politics,religion and morals: the symbolism of public schooling for the urban middle-class identity

Research points to sections of the middle-class repopulating the ‘ordinary’ urban public school and whilst there are key differences in how they are navigating public school choices, from ‘seeking a critical mass’ to resisting traditional methods of choice and going ‘against-the-grain’, or collectively campaigning for a brand new public school, the urban middle-class are developing contemporary methods to challenge the existing ways of thinking about middle-class choice. Drawing on this literature, this paper explores the symbolism of public schooling for relatively affluent choosers in the city of Melbourne, Australia. The positioning of public schooling as essentially secular and liberal indicates how the public school is valorised within the contemporary market place. Within a market that tends to undersell the public school, the perceived lack of organised religion and progressivism may be the unique selling point for the cosmopolitan, globalised consumer.     

人文地理与城乡规划专业产学研结合实践教学体系建设

基于《国家中长期人才发展规划纲要（2010-2020年）》的指导思想和基本思路,针对衡阳师范学院的学生特点和地区特点,从实践教学体系构建、实践教学基地建设和实践教学模式探索三个方面探讨了实践教学体系建设。     

融入创新教学理念的汽车构造课程教学方法改革与实践

分析了汽车构造课程教学过程中使用传统教学方法存在的问题,提出了基于创新教学理念的多元化教学方法。教学实践表明,多元化教学方法的实施提升了教学质量,激发了学生学习的积极性,提高了其专业素质、创新意识,同时开阔了学生的视野。     

论社会救助城乡统筹中的政策动力因素

公共政策是一项有力、有效的动力工具。认清公共政策在社会救助城乡统筹中的动力属性,进而提出一个具有生态功能、城乡统筹、层级分工的社会救助政策体系并持之以恒地不断推进与完善,是当前我国实现社会救助城乡统筹的重要动力源和动力手段。     

我国科教投入政策评估及其启示

我国科教投入存在"悖论":地方政府减少对教育的相对支持力度反而容易成为理性抉择。科学投入与经济增长率呈正相关关系,暗示通过中央和地方间财政支出结构调整可以取得帕雷托改进。建议一是提高教育投入中的中央财政比例,同时提高科学投入在地方财政中的比例;二是采取"教育直补"方式,更多使用中央财政,增加落后地区公共教育投入,以及用于改善人口迁入地区外来人口教育状况。该机制设计与地方谋求经济增长动机一致。     

Public policy, community colleges, and the path to globalization

This study addresses the nature of governmentpolicy toward community colleges in the 1990sand the responses of institutions to thesepolicies. This is an examination of Canadianand U.S. community colleges in two Canadianprovinces and three U.S. states as well asanalysis of government policy in two countries,at the federal, state and provincial levels.Government policies are viewed as directingcommunity colleges toward economic goals,emphasizing workforce training and stateeconomic competitiveness as outcomes,compelling colleges to improve efficiencies,increase productivity, and to becomeaccountable to government and responsive tobusiness and industry. Government responses toeconomic concerns at the provincial and statelevels resulted in economic developmentpolicies applicable to community colleges. Institutional responses among communitycolleges, evident in behaviors such asmarketization and productivity and efficiency,altered college missions, resulting in thepursuit of economic ends by theseinstitutions.     

Addressing the complexities of literacy and urban teaching in the USA: strategic professional development as intervention

This study was undertaken in order to get some sense of the role of life experiences in preservice and inservice teachers' conceptions of the purpose(s) and practices of education. Content analysis of narratives written by graduate students in education at one college was utilized to ascertain how they view the field and their (current or prospective) role as teachers. We found that the majority of students saw teaching as an opportunity to make a difference, and as reflective of who they were rather than as "just a job". This finding provided the opportunity to address the strengths and vulnerabilities of such an idealistic conception of teaching, and the corresponding possibilities vis-à-vis teacher educators' roles. We conclude by noting the study's limitations and making several recommendations for future action and research based on our findings.     

"三农"政策的关键是农村公共服务政策

现代有限政府职能、农村基层组织状况、农民的市场主体地位都要求“三农”政策的重点向农村公共服务政策转变。各级政府要尽快建立科学有效的农村公共决策机制;农村公共政策要有所为、有所不为;不搞“一刀切”,高层次体现公平、公正性;集中精力抓已有公共政策的执行和落实,切实保障农民和农村应有的政策利益落到实处。     

制度创新是统筹城乡发展的根本路径

统筹城乡发展，必须解决城乡差距过大问题。我国在居民收入、财产、消费、社会保障等方面存在着明显的城乡差距。城乡差距拉大的制度性根源是长期存在的二元经济体制。统筹城乡协调发展的根本路径是从制度上变革二元经济体制，进行制度创新，其核心是对户籍制度、土地征用制度、财税金融体制和社会保障制度进行改革，建立城乡一体化的体制和机制。     

Knowledge,education and research: Making common cause across communities of practice

This article considers how knowledge, education and research interact as the institutional structures that support them change. Many efforts at large‐scale education reform depend upon the proposition that what counts as useful knowledge can be easily defined, without reference to the specific contexts in which that knowledge will be set to work. Yet ?useful knowledge’ as it appears to policymakers does not always translate into ?useful knowledge’ from the perspective of practitioners. Distance and context matter. Based on studies of the development of literacy policy in England under successive governments, the paper assesses the dislocations and divisions of labour that characterise the contemporary knowledge landscape and asks how the research community can continue to act for the common good in an increasingly crowded and contested education field.     

Scholarship as intervention: critique,collaboration and the research imagination

Following Scott (this issue), this paper examines how environmental education researchers might intervene to greater effect in the policies and practices of our governments and local and international organizations through individual and collective programmes of research. Suggesting that public scholarship or academic activism can engage a wide spectrum of genres and outcomes of research activity, the paper proposes that what stands out are not the methods employed in seeking to have research ‘be of use’, but instead what can be termed modes of engagement. These can be described as including interpretive critique or ‘speaking truth to power’, public space and collaboration, and the role of research imagination in social life. These three modes are discussed with the hope that researchers will consider their possibilities and implications in working towards more powerful public scholarship in environmental education.